The current shipping dilemma may lead to reform and innovation in terms of operation mode, strategic development and technical standards in the wave of development in the fields of big data, Internet technology, renewable energy and 3D printing.
At present, the shipping industry is in the process of reshuffle and reorganization, and the shipping market is facing the dilemma of serious excess capacity and sustained low prices. Traditional means and methods have been unable to help shipping enterprises get out of trouble. How to make shipping enterprises get rid of the current predicament has become a common problem faced by the shipping industry.
At the same time, new developments in the fields of big data, Internet technology, renewable energy and 3D printing will have a far-reaching impact on the operation mode, strategic development and technical standards of the shipping industry.
The driving force of big data
There is no doubt that the world today is a world surrounded by data. Shipping operations will naturally produce a lot of data, which are all related. How to process and use these data becomes a challenge.
Albrecht Grell, executive vice president and maritime consulting director of DNV GL, said: "One question we have to ask is where the shipping data comes from, how to identify these data, and see the real meaning behind the data." A running ship usually produces as much as 20GB of data information within 24 hours, which contains a variety of information, including weather, engine, navigation position, speed and fuel consumption. And the data is large, scattered and short-lived. Ensuring the acquisition of data is the first step of accurate analysis, and integrating these data is the second step. Combining these data with external data such as AIS and weather, it is possible to draw meaningful conclusions.
Torgeir Sterri, vice president of DNV GL, chairman of DNV GL Greater China and general manager of DNV GL Maritime Company Greater China, said that digitalization is one of the driving forces of shipping development, and this driving force itself is a technology. Digitalization driven by big data will enable remote sensors to receive all kinds of structured and unstructured data in real time, and the sources of these data are more and more certain. He further pointed out that a smarter digital network can not only promote the application of technology, but also simulate the current situation of all ship cycles in the shipping industry. DNV GL developed a fleet performance monitoring system using big data, which improved the transparency and efficiency of operation.
Jim smith, President of North Asia Shipping Business of Lloyd's Register of Shipping, said that Lloyd's Register of Shipping will apply big data and effective data to the strategic planning of future business and technology. "Since 1760, our work has been full of data, including all relevant information about the whole life cycle of each ship that has been classified. If the core data of a ship can be obtained, the best route can be found by analyzing the design, performance, weather, route, cargo and regulatory data, so that the ship can travel to the designated port more efficiently and economically. Intelligent ships will fundamentally change the business model of the shipping industry. "
What exactly is a smart ship? Chen Shi, deputy chief engineer of China Classification Society and general manager of Specification and Technology Center, said that ship intelligence is embodied in six aspects: First, intelligent navigation. Mainly automatic navigation optimization, through the optimization of sea conditions, logistics and other related parameters, under the condition of meeting the shipping cycle and safety, the shipping cost is minimized. At present, this technology is mature, and further development will form autonomous navigation. The second is the smart hull. It mainly refers to the management of the whole life cycle of the hull, including the establishment of hull database and structural strength performance database to provide decision-making for ship maintenance, such as making maintenance plan in advance through the database. Emergency services can provide decision-making help and ensure safety. The third is the intelligent computer room. Based on equipment and system monitoring, it provides auxiliary decision-making for engine room, and the advanced development stage provides condition maintenance for engine room equipment, which greatly saves maintenance cost and cycle. The fourth is intelligent energy efficiency management. Through energy consumption detection, analysis and reporting, it can help energy efficiency optimization decision. The fifth is intelligent cargo control. From the best stowage and cargo-based monitoring to assist decision-making, to ensure the safety of goods. Sixth, intelligent system integration. Through the analysis and processing of big data, centralized control is formed, and centralized control is carried out by one platform and one network.
Ueda Shinji, President and President of Japan Classification Society, also shared the application of big data in the industry. He said that the Napa-Green monitoring system, which was completed by NAPA and Japan Classification Society in 20 12, has been applied to many ships, which can improve fuel efficiency, calculate the optimal draft and ship speed, thus improving the ship's operation efficiency and effectively analyzing the ship's operation, with an accuracy rate of 99.6%. "Using valuable data is an exciting step we have taken in the era of big data."
Li Xudong, general manager of SAP Greater China presales, believes that digitalization is a gradual process. From the perspective of information system construction, it is not a simple substitute, nor is it a blind pursuit of many unsuitable functions. While solving the existing problems, we should consider the challenges we may face tomorrow and find countermeasures. "Our responsibility is to solve the interconnection of information and help shipowners better realize the interconnection with stakeholders such as shippers and consignees. We redefine the ideal information system model for digital enterprises to support their successful operation under interconnected conditions. Compared with the past, the cooperation and contact between industry stakeholders are closer than before, and the requirements for information systems are different from before. Appropriate systems are needed to help enterprises achieve this difference. "
Docking and integrating "internet plus"
The shipping industry has been unable to avoid the coming wave of intelligent industrial revolution, nor can it break the deep docking and cooperation with information networks. Industry 4.0 has brought efficient production efficiency to the market and development opportunities to all walks of life. It involves both the traditional Internet and the developing Internet of Things, and it is an industrial revolution based on the integration of reality and reality. This has played a role in boosting the transformation and upgrading of the shipping industry to comprehensive intelligence. Through the application of cloud computing and big data, the efficiency and energy level of shipping service, management, energy saving and operation have been improved.
Zhen Li, chairman of Sinotrans Shipping, thinks that there are four main aspects on how to realize the transformation of the shipping industry's own development with the help of the east wind of Industry 4.0.
The first is service customization. The level of intelligence brought by Industry 4.0 can help shipping companies achieve customized services. By introducing the information system with the function of electronic tag, on the one hand, the electronic tag records the point-like customized information such as the running status and route position of each ship updated by the shipping enterprise in real time; On the other hand, with the help of location identification system, customers can automatically identify and read the relevant information carried by electronic tags according to their own service requirements, and make a request for customized service to the shipping company, which will automatically coordinate and arrange related transportation tasks after receiving the request.
The second is intelligent management. Use intelligent means such as cloud computing and big data to integrate information mining, remote monitoring, real-time early warning and prediction analysis, promote intelligent management and improve equipment operation efficiency. For example, through intelligent robots, the running state of ship equipment can be evaluated in real time, equipment failures and operational errors can be predicted as much as possible, and pre-control measures can be strengthened to fully realize the intelligence of ship management. At the same time, the gradual popularization of robots can also be applied to the work of some basic crew members, and on the basis of improving efficiency, the refined level of management can be further strengthened. In addition, through intelligent and systematic management, it not only accumulated advanced management experience for shipping enterprises, but also improved managers' comprehensive business skills, laying a solid foundation for further development.
The third is energy conservation and environmental protection. Energy conservation and emission reduction is a strategic measure to conform to the development trend of the world today, which has become the consensus of people all over the world. With the technological revolution triggered by Industry 4.0, emerging technologies of environmental protection and energy saving are gradually popularized and applied in the shipbuilding industry. Through the modern ship-shore network, the working conditions of ship equipment are adjusted in real time, the draft is automatically optimized, and the economic speed is adopted, which effectively reduces the operating cost of ships and minimizes emissions. At present, most major shipping companies in the world have installed LNG preparation devices for new ships, and some of them have been put into practical use. I believe that in the near future, new energy and new energy use devices will be widely promoted and used.
The fourth is to optimize operations. In the actual operation process, the rationality of route design and operation organization directly affects the economic benefits of shipping enterprises. Through the establishment of intelligent system, according to external environmental information such as channel depth, current and weather characteristics, etc. , design the most reasonable and economical navigation path, determine the ideal stowage plan, and work out the best operation organization plan. Due to the rapid development of industrial technology and the gradual reduction of Arctic ice, the Arctic route has become possible, and with its unique geographical conditions and strategic significance, the Arctic route has become the development focus of shipping companies in various countries, which also expands the space for us to further optimize our operations.
In addition to the shipping industry, the shipping service industry is also inseparable from the "internet plus". Chen Zhongqian, director of Guangzhou Arbitration Commission and vice president of China Arbitration Law Society, said that arbitration has joined the elements of the Internet in time, namely online and offline arbitration. In this online arbitration platform, cases are handled by means of arbitration management, case management, electronic file formation, online video trial system and data authentication to ensure data security; Study the network connection with courts, shipping departments and shipping enterprises, accept and defend online filing, form an arbitration hall, hold a court session and make an award. , and resolve disputes online.
Sun Licheng, president of China Classification Society, said that the substitution of renewable energy for traditional fossil energy, the weakening of economies of scale caused by 3D printing and the strengthening of the trend of localized production to meet customers' needs will make some industrial categories change from global division of labor to regional division of labor, from global production to local production, and coastal transportation will replace some ocean-going transportation. The shortening of shipping distance and the deep integration of new generation information technology and shipbuilding will trigger far-reaching industrial changes and form new production methods, industrial forms, business models and economic growth points.
Innovation path of shipping industry
In the rapidly changing digital age, how should the shipping industry innovate and develop? Jia Dashan, vice president of the Water Transport Research Institute of the Ministry of Transport, believes that the current shipping market has entered a new round of multi-head adjustment, and a number of policies have provided strong strategic support. "Attention should be paid to adjusting the functional structure of the fleet and formulating economic policies by classification. For example, the national security fleet, the economic security fleet, and the commercial transport fleet have formulated corresponding policies with different positioning. "
From the enterprise level, Jia Dashan thinks it is necessary to optimize the maritime capital structure and promote the reform of mixed ownership. "China's shipping industry has two types of operating platforms: state-owned and private capital. The functional perspective is mainly completed through the state-owned capital operation platform, while the commercial fleet can be completed through the state-owned and private capital operation platforms. "
From the perspective of industry consolidation, Jia Dashan believes that it is necessary to build a maritime industrial chain and promote coordinated development. Strengthen communication with financial enterprises, strengthen financing capacity, and strengthen cooperation among shipbuilding, shipping and shippers.
From the financing point of view, Jia Dashan believes that the financing policies related to shipping and corporate shipping income tax need to be further explored and solved, in line with international standards, so that China shipping enterprises and international shipping enterprises can compete fairly in the same market.
Huang Youfang, president of Shanghai Maritime University, believes that shipping companies should think strategically from the perspective of "shipping+supply chain". "To implement the strategy of" shipping+logistics ",it is not enough to only do shipping, and we must know the whole process of logistics. The "shipping+trade" strategy should pay more attention to the strategic combination of shipping and trade. In the strategy of "shipping+finance", the shipping industry should have the right to speak and maintain a good supply chain relationship. Financial ability is very important, so is the strategy of "shipping+information". In short, I hope that shipping companies attach great importance to the integration with logistics, trade, finance and information, and fully realize that studying supply chain is to study information flow, logistics, commodity flow and cash flow, and the transformation and innovation of' shipping+supply chain' strategy is the winning way for future shipping. "
Li Yunpeng, general manager of COSCO Group, said that at present, the world economy has entered a period of deep adjustment, and there are many new features different from the past: regional economic imbalance has intensified, international capital liquidity has accelerated, financial market turmoil has intensified, commodity prices have fallen deeply, and the growth of emerging economies has continued to slow down. These macroeconomic pressures will be immediately reflected in the shipping industry, leading to excess capacity, low freight rates, disorderly competition and bleak management. "The state of low operation will last for a long time. Therefore, shipping companies will face revolutionary changes if they want to achieve breakthrough development. "
The endogenous growth of shipping enterprises will become inevitable. Li Yunpeng believes that the future growth space of shipping enterprises depends more on the upgrading and utilization of their own capabilities and resources, as well as the transformation of growth momentum from the outside to the inside. By adjusting the business structure, customer structure, organizational structure and operating mechanism, we will continuously enhance our adaptability to external market demand and immunity to external adverse environment. The future development of shipping enterprises should be realized by cultivating "endogenous" growth momentum and improving their own operating ability, management level, service quality, operational efficiency and cost advantages. The specific realization path, first, should have the ability of process reengineering, that is, change the traditional shipping operation process, improve the ability to redesign and combine internal resources, and optimize route design and service process; The second is to improve the ability of market layout, especially the matching degree between the layout of business outlets and regional economy, especially in the current unbalanced regional economy environment. In fact, this is the requirement for shipping companies to seize market opportunities and to shift from "relying on" the market to "controlling" the market; Third, it has the ability to extend the industrial chain, achieve effective grafting with shipping-related industries, and hedge the established risks of the shipping industry through the organic connection of upstream and downstream industries.
Competition among industrial clusters will become the mainstream. Li Yunpeng believes that it is increasingly difficult to meet the needs of customers only by optimizing the internal resource allocation of shipping enterprises, including the form of cooperation between shipowners and shippers. In the future shipping market, the competition mode between shipowners and shippers will be replaced by the cluster-to-cluster competition mode, so how to build industrial clusters will become a major strategic goal for shipping enterprises to allocate resources. Industrial clusters may show diversity in scale, level and combination, and once formed, they will become the main way for shipping enterprises to create value. From the perspective of construction path, we should take the existing shipping and freight cooperation, alliance and joint venture as the starting point, take new technology as the driving force, attract leading stakeholders in the industry, and form shipping and related industrial clusters. Such as shipowners, shippers, logistics, trade, finance, IT, e-commerce platforms and other enterprises, may jointly form industrial clusters, share resources, jointly create value, and bind interests to form a complete shipping industry ecosystem. When there are many such industrial clusters in the market, the pattern of market competition will undergo revolutionary changes.
The whole solution will be a sharp weapon. Li Yunpeng believes that the growth process of enterprises is also the process of creating value for customers, and providing shipping services for customers is the traditional way for shipping enterprises to create value. However, the ultimate demand of customers not only exists in the offshore links, but also involves land transportation, ports, warehousing, information, security and other aspects. The ultimate demand of customers is the whole process solution of "getting through the last mile", "door to door" and "safety and quality". The rise of cross-border logistics and the outbreak of "online demand" are redefining many traditional industries. Under the trend that cross-border integration is blurring the boundaries of traditional industries, the ability to provide "full-process solutions" will surely become the core competitiveness of future shipping enterprises. A real "total solution" needs two factors: one is the attitude towards customers; The second is the ability to provide services.
The above is the related content of shipping innovation in the era of big data shared by Bian Xiao. For more information, you can pay attention to Global Ivy and share more dry goods.