course content
Selected from the second unit of the first volume of the eighth grade of the compulsory education curriculum standard experimental textbook "Chinese"
Textbook analysis
The nanny recalled by Mr. Lu Xun in A Chang and Shan Hai Jing is a clown, uneducated, vulgar and good, and an unfortunate person. But she is also a working woman who longs for a stable life. She is simple and kind, and is enthusiastic about helping children solve problems. Mr. Lu Xun expressed his sincere nostalgia for her with deep affection. When teaching this article, students should be guided to learn how to choose typical cases to represent the main characters and how to combine detail writing with sketch. Understand narrative, description and other expressions, and understand the function and method of description, so as to deeply understand Lu Xun's deep nostalgia for Ah Chang and understand the pure beauty in Ah Chang's character.
Teaching objectives
1, perceive the text as a whole, and understand Chang's characters and the author's feelings.
2. Focus on reading Shan Hai Jing to understand the deep meaning of the sentence.
3. Feel Lu Xun's deep nostalgia for Achang and understand the pure beauty in Achang's character.
Important and difficult
1. Learn how to choose typical cases to express the main characters in this article.
2. Understand the writing style of this retrospective essay, treat people with eyes, and want to promote first.
Teaching AIDS, tape recorders, music tapes and slides.
Course arrangement 2 class hours
first kind
teaching process
First, dialogue import:
1. Speaking of Lu Xun, I think everyone should be familiar with it! Who will talk about Lu Xun?
In Lu Xun's childhood, the eldest mother was a very influential and special person. Lu Xun never wrote an article in memory of his mother, but at the age of forty-five, he wrote this unforgettable prose-A Chang Yu. In memory of a childhood nanny, we can see the deep feelings for her. (background music)
Let's finish reading the topic with deep affection.
Do you have any questions after reading this topic?
(questioning)
Second, the overall perception:
1. What kind of person is Chang? What is her relationship with Shan Haijing? Let Lu Xun have such deep feelings for him. Let's read the text quickly with questions.
2. What kind of person do you often see?
(Life presupposition: ignorance, simplicity, kindness, rudeness ...)
3. Teacher's summary:
In short, he is often a good person, but not a perfect person. She is a complicated person.
Third, take out clues:
1, so how does the author feel about such a person?
2. Read the text freely and discuss at the same table: mark the words in the text that express the author's feelings for Chang.
(Random blackboard writing: small admiration-impatience-unprecedented respect-hatred-new respect-nostalgia)
Fourth, read and buy the part of Shan Hai Jing.
1. We know that there is no love and hate for no reason in the world. From hating Chang to finally having lifelong respect and nostalgia for her, the attitude has changed 180 degrees. What prompted Lu Xun to have this change?
(Buy Shan Hai Jing for "Me")
2. Read paragraph 19-29 of the text carefully, find out the sentences that move me most, explain the reasons and write down the comments.
3. Student feedback
Default value:
Answer, "More than ten days later, ... buddy, I bought you a classic picture of Sanheng!" " Slide show
This sentence fully shows how carefully she observes the child's mind, how considerate she is to the child's wishes, and how serious and serious she is to satisfy the child's legitimate wishes. )
A, read this sentence together, which words can touch your inner feelings best? (Three Hums Classic)
B, an illiterate person can buy a beloved book for me, which shows that he cares about me and my feelings. It is from these three words that you can imagine what difficulties she met. (imagine and say its name)
C. Chang went to great pains to buy a book for me, but he always kept the pain in his heart and passed on the joy to me. Which student is willing to convey a kind of Chang's joy to us by reading aloud? (Reading-Evaluation-Reading-Re-evaluation)
B, "It seems that there was a thunderbolt, and everyone was shocked." Slide show
1. How do I feel at this time? How deep is it? Can you read this feeling? (Original reading)
B, would you feel this way if my father or mother bought me Shan Hai Jing? Why?
C. When Chang came to ask what Shan Hai Jing was all about, what did I think and why?
(Biofeedback)
D. Teacher's summary: It is precisely because this is a book that I can't forget, and I always buy it for me, so I have a new respect for him.
C, "This gives me new respect, and she can succeed in what others refuse to do or can't do. She does have a lot of power. " Slide show
A, read together, why do you say that big mothers have great power?
B, did you have such an experience when you were a child?
(Life is free)
C. what makes the big mother have so much power?
(Kind, simple, caring for children)
D, reading guidance
E. Teacher's summary:
It is this excellent quality of kindness and simplicity that makes the shoddy Classic of Mountains and Seas my favorite book, which has influenced my life, and the person I miss most is my big mother.
Fifth, emotional sublimation.
Slide show: "kind and dark mother earth, may her soul be in your arms forever!" " "
1, Introduction
At this time, you also heard what Lu Xun said. Please change the end of the text in your own language.
(practicing writing)
3. Summary:
Yes, such a simple and kind person can't be respected and missed! This article embodies all Lu Xun's feelings for his eldest mother and entrusts Lu Xun's heartfelt wishes to kind people.
Distribution of intransitive verbs
In Lu Xun's eyes, Da Mu and Shan Hai Jing are inseparable. It can be said that without an elderly mother, there would be no long-awaited Classic of Mountains and Seas. Therefore, these four books have become "my favorite treasures", and even after getting the Classic of Mountains and Seas, "the resentment of murdering Tibetan rats has been completely eliminated".
1, hiding the mouse, appeared several times in the article, what's the matter? (Materials distributed)
The teacher read "Dog? Cat? Fragments of rats.
2. "Flowers in the Morning", formerly known as "Memories of Time Past", is an essay collection by Lu Xun. Most of the ten articles collected are memories of childhood and adolescent life. At the time of writing these articles, Lu Xun was over 40 years old, so he named it "Morning Flowers Picking Up in the Evening", which means: Flowers are picked in the morning at night. I hope students can take the time to have a look.
3. Carefully study A Chang and other stories in Shan Hai Jing. A Chang and Shan Hai Jing Teaching Plan II
Teaching objectives:
First, the overall perception of the text. Understand the author's thoughts and feelings.
Second, accurately grasp what kind of person Chang is.
Third, learn how to choose typical cases to express the main character of the characters, and the combination of detail writing and sketch.
Fourth, understand the writing style of this retrospective essay, look at the characters with double eyes, and want to promote first and then suppress.
Teaching emphasis: the feelings revealed by the author in the narrative and the writing method of restraining first and then promoting.
Difficulties in teaching: How to treat Chang's "bad habits"?
Class arrangement: two class hours.
Primary import
Students, in the first grade, we learned an article written by Mr. Lu Xun, "From Baicao Garden to San Tan Yin Yue", in which the story of the beautiful snake added mysterious interest to Baicao Garden. Do you remember? The big mother who tells stories is a female worker of Lu Xun's family. In Lu Xun's own words, she is my nanny. However, such nannies have appeared many times in Lu Xun's articles, such as "From Herb Garden to San Tan Yin Yue", "Dogs, Cats and Mice", and "Chang" and "Shan Hai Jing" that we are going to study today, all of which are articles devoted to the story of big mothers. It is worth mentioning that Lu Xun never wrote an article in memory of his mother, but gave so much pen and ink to a nanny and wrote an article in memory of his mother. What is the charm of this dragon mother? What stories happened to her that Lu Xun could not forget? Let's approach the story of Chang together.
Second, Lu Xun and the related knowledge of "Flowers in the Morning" and "Classic of Mountains and Seas".
Shan Hai Jing is a geographical work in ancient China. There are some widely circulated myths and legends in the book, such as Jingwei's reclamation, Kuafu's daily work and Dayu's flood control.
Third, read through the full text, perceive it as a whole, and outline "A Chang's story"
Clarity: the origin of the name-sleeping in big characters-eating and gathering on New Year's Day (many rules)-telling the story of long hair-buying mountain and sea classics.
Fourth, design a "resume" to let Chang know Chang.
Clear: name a Chang
Gender: Female
Professional nanny
Yellow, fat and short.
Age unknown
Question: 1. Can you get a comprehensive understanding of Chang from this resume?
Clear: No, because the most important thing to understand a person is to understand a person's personality, even her inner world.
There is another problem with this resume. Did you find it?
Clear: the origin of the name, that is not her nanny's name.
Read the second paragraph of the text together. Find out, is it useful for us to understand Chang's character and spiritual world that Lu Xun spent so much ink to introduce Chang's name?
Clear: Yes, from the origin of the name, it can be seen that her name belongs to others, and others put it on her head at will, which shows that the old mother has a low social status and is not respected. Is a sad mother.
5. In order to let everyone know better about Achang and Luxun, let's approach Achang and Luxun and other stories that happened to Luxun and his eldest mother.
Ask the students to find out the key words of Lu Xun's emotional attitude towards Chang.
Clear: I don't admire (hate)-I'm impatient-I'm paying unprecedented respect (special respect)-I'm paying new respect.
Sixth, analyze "What kind of dragon mother makes Lu Xun impatient and annoying?"
Big mom who talks and fills in the blanks. . . . . "? Let's talk about it in combination with specific events.
Clear: "Watch carefully", "Raise your second finger, shake it up and down in the air, or light your opponent's or your nose"-rap is troublesome.
Put the word "big"-rude and informal.
Teach me a lot of rules (eating oranges in the New Year)-superstition, disappointing, but sincere and kind wishes. Many of the truths taught me are also out of concern and love for me.
To sum up, what we realize is the image of A Chang who has no manners, culture and civilization.
Seven, two aspects of analysis
1. What kind of eldest mother made Lu Xun pay his respects twice?
Clear: a big mother with great power.
2. These two aspects have the same meaning as divine power in the dictionary, but are the emotions expressed in the article the same?
Clear: No, the first respect comes from the story of long hair. This is an absurd story, but the eldest mother told it seriously and said, "Take off your pants" and "The cannon outside won't let go. If you put it again, it will blow up! " If you do this, people will see the ignorance and simplicity of the older mother, and see the superstition and ignorance of this older mother. It can also be seen here that Lu Xun is ironic.
The second aspect comes from buying mountain and sea classics, which realizes the child's spiritual desire. It can be seen that this big mother is a kind and enthusiastic person, caring and caring for her children. Lu Xun's respect for her is real respect and a feeling of gratitude.
Eight. abstract
(1) What's a big mother like?
Clear: humble, rude, disrespectful, numb, stupid and superstitious, talkative, full of red tape, but also a simple, kind and caring working woman.
(2) With what emotion did Lu Xun write this article?
Qing: deep memory, "kind and dark mother earth, may her soul be in your arms forever."
(3) Compare Lu Xun's feelings before and after. What are the advantages of writing like this? What kind of writing is this?
Clear:
Make the characters described give people unexpected surprises and surprises, have unexpected effects, and make the characters more real, emotional and distinctive. This writing method of restraining low before promoting is called restraining low before promoting.
From the beginning to the end, the article describes the quality of her care and love for children: from her "forbidding me to walk" to the blessing of eating oranges and the truth that "you must not drill through under the bamboo pole to dry your pants" and later buying mountain and sea classics are fully reflected. Therefore, although she is talkative, eventful and has many annoying rules and principles, she is smart, enthusiastic, helpful and caring for her children. It has the shortcomings of folly and backwardness, but it has the virtue of simplicity and kindness. Generally speaking, the author first "does not admire", then "pays a new tribute" and finally gives a deep blessing. The author describes the image of A Chang, an ordinary working woman in feudal society, and depicts a simple, warm, kind and caring mother image, expressing respect, gratitude, yearning and deep nostalgia for her mother.
Nine, homework
Imagination innovation
Suppose Chang is still alive. What will she say to Lu Xun after reading this article? Please stick to the content of the text and the personality characteristics of the characters, fly the wings of imagination, endow the characters with new characteristics of the times, and say a few words on behalf of their parents.
Teacher's example: Brother, although I have no name and surname, I will become a celebrity after you finish writing. You can say that I have no name and surname, and I am yellow, fat and short. I can't even write the moxibustion scar on my neck? Call me disciplined, cumbersome and superstitious. Who was not superstitious at that time? But you, how did you even write down such a private matter as my poor sleep? In particular, I will tell you a long-haired story. After we are captured, let's take off our pants and stand on the wall, so that the cannon will not be released, so you can write it down truthfully. You are not afraid of jokes, I am afraid of jokes!
Attachment: blackboard design
A Chang and Shan Hai Jing Teaching Plan 3
Teaching objectives:
First, master the new words in the text and perceive the text as a whole.
Second, accurately grasp what kind of person A Chang is, and understand the author's proposition that beauty is not empty, and evil is not hidden.
Third, understand the emotional words in the text, experience the expression of restraining first and then promoting, and understand the author's thoughts and feelings.
Fourth, understand the author's method of choosing typical materials around the characteristics of characters.
Five, learn to use one or two things to write familiar characters truly, vividly and vividly.
Focus: Goal 2, Goal 3
Difficulties: Goal 4
Class arrangement: two class hours. The first class completes goals one, two and three; Complete goal four in the second class; Finish goal five after class.
first kind
Guide: Who still remembers what we learned in Grade One in senior high school, which was written by Lu Xun, a great modern writer, thinker and revolutionary in China?
From "Hundred Herbs Garden" to "San Tan Yin Yue", the story of the beautiful snake? Do you remember who told the story? We are here today to study Mr. Lu Xun's major.
Write an article about her. A Chang and Shan Hai Jing. Before learning the text, let's review the new words.
Show a small blackboard or projection.
Second, check the preview and complete goal one: roll call.
(a) phonetic notation:
Eliminate shock, acute pain and scars.
Ask () fear () rough () sparse () lazy ()
(2) Choose the correct explanation for the words in brackets in the following words, and put the serial number in brackets.
1, Mo (name) wonderful ()
A, b, c and d.
2. (Reading) Don't forget ()
A when you think about it, you often think of B, C and D "20".
3, (sparse) lazy ()
A scattered b not intimate c careless d unfamiliar.
4, cumbersome (to) ()
As for pole a, pole b, pole c and pole d.
(3) Review and check for one minute.
Third, import:
Now we see the title of the article. The author associates A Chang with Shan Hai Jing, so what is her relationship with Shan Hai Jing?
Besides telling me the story of the beautiful snake, what else has she done for me? What kind of person is she in the eyes of young Lu Xun?
Please read the text carefully and solve the following problems.
Fourth, explain the text and accomplish the second and third goals:
(1) Read the text carefully and think about the following questions. You are free to discuss.
1. What does this article say about Chang? What should I focus on? List them in the narrative order of the text.
2. Understand and summarize Chang's image characteristics in turn, and then summarize Chang's image.
Appreciate the benefits of this portrait again.
3. According to the sequence of events in the text, underline the words that express the author's feelings and attitudes towards Chang, and compare the feelings before and after.
What are the advantages of writing like this? What kind of writing is this?
4. Understand the author's thoughts and feelings towards Chang.
(2) Students answer and teachers summarize.
1, clear the question 1: properly guided, probably the right meaning. From the length of the narrative event, the details of the plot
And the central idea expressed can tell which are the key points.
I like watching it. I am not allowed to walk. Put the big characters on the bed.
I know a lot of rules, such as eating and gathering in the New Year, and it also taught me a lot of truth.
Tell me the story of long hair.
Buy me Shan Hai Jing.
Among them, "Buy me Shan Hai Jing" is the key.
2, clear question 2: guide induction, teacher summary.
"Watch carefully" and "put up your second finger, shake it up and down in the air, or light your opponent or your nose"-talkative.
Detail description, such as "big"-no details. Vividly draw her talkative and informal personality characteristics.
Eating a blessing on New Year's Day is a superstition, but it is a sincere and kind blessing. Many of the truths taught me are also correct.
My care and love.
Tell the story of long hair, "take off your pants" and "the cannon outside won't let go. If you want to let it go again, it will blow up! " Words, but also let people.
I saw the ignorance and simplicity of the big mother.
When writing the book of buying mountains and seas, the author used quite a lot of space and very specific details, and the author just told Chang casually.
She really bought the story "Shan Hai Jing", which made the author pay sincere respect to her. It reflects the kindness, enthusiasm and enthusiasm of this dragon mother.
Care and love for children.
From the beginning to the end, the article describes the quality of her care and love for children: from her "forbidding me to walk" to the blessing of eating oranges and the truth that "you must not drill through under the bamboo pole to dry your pants" and later buying mountain and sea classics are fully reflected.
Therefore, although she is talkative, eventful and has many annoying rules and principles, she is smart, enthusiastic, helpful and caring for her children. In this way, her kind and kind beauty is mixed with ignorance and backwardness, which makes her shine like gold in the sand and makes Chang more real and touching. Therefore, this article is a model to describe people's practical prose.
3, clear question three:
The author really doesn't admire her, even hates her, because she likes to observe carefully and forbids me to walk and enlarge my words when I sleep.
I also feel "very troublesome" about her complicated rules and many reasons;
Then I paid "unprecedented respect" to the "hairy story" she told, but obviously this is not true respect and love.
Because this aspect has been "weakened" or even "completely disappeared".
Finally, when she bought The Classic of Mountains and Seas, she had a kind of "new respect" for the author. It was real respect and love, and it was heartfelt, profound and permanent respect, because the author said: The appearance of the book is still in sight. Only in this way can the author feel sincere gratitude and nostalgia later, so finally the author sends a deep blessing: kind and dark mother earth, may her soul be in your arms forever!
In this way, if you want to praise first, you will be surprised and amazed at the characters described, which will have unexpected effects and make the characters more real, emotional and prominent. This writing method of restraining low before promoting is called restraining low before promoting.
4, clear question four:
Generally speaking, the author first "does not admire", then "pays a new tribute" and finally gives a deep blessing. The author describes the image of A Chang, an ordinary working woman in feudal society, and depicts a simple, warm, kind, kind and caring person.
The image of the child's big mother expresses his respect, gratitude, yearning and deep nostalgia for his big mother.
V. Homework: Consolidate training
1, Chinese exercises This lesson exercises one, two, three and four to consolidate the training objectives one, two and three.
2. Practice 1 and 2 at the back of the text to consolidate training objectives 2 and 3.
Six, blackboard design:
See attached table 1.
Attachment: References and articles: Pan's Morning Flower Picking, Shi Chengquan and An's Selected Reading of Lu Xun's Prose and Prose Poems.
The third Chinese for teachers edited by Yue, Grade Two Chinese (1), a complete solution of middle school textbooks.
Second lesson
First, review Goals 2 and 3, and introduce the content of this lesson:
(a) Designing questions, reviewing old knowledge in thinking and introducing new content in thinking;
1. Last class, we analyzed Chang's image. Who can express her image characteristics orally?
2. What kind of brushwork did the author use when portraying the character Chang?
3. Among several things described by the author, what are the events of "suppression"? What are the events belonging to "Yang"?
4. How to divide these events in the text? How many parts can this text be divided into?
(B) a clear problem, the introduction of new courses:
1, clear: talkative, with many annoying rules and reasons, but also cheerful, helpful, caring and caring for children;
It has the shortcomings of ignorance and backwardness, but it has the virtues of simplicity and kindness.
2, clear: first suppress and then promote.
3. The events that clearly belong to "inhibition" are: a. Like to observe carefully; B, I am not allowed to go; C, sleeping with big characters;
D, know a lot of rules and teach me a lot of truth; E. Tell the story of "long hair"
The events belonging to "Yang" are: f, buying mountain and sea classics.
4. Clear: These incidents can be divided into two parts: the repression part; The young part.
According to the division of these events, the text can be divided into three or four parts: the first part introduces the title of Chang,
The origin of address and her appearance. Then there is the "suppression" part. Then the "Yang" part. Finally, the ending part.
Fabricate her life story to express her nostalgia. The "inhibition" part can be divided into three small layers.
Let the students sum up the meaning of the paragraph and the meaning of the level by themselves.
(3) Introduction: Now please read the third part of the text carefully-the "Yang" part.
Second, read the third part of the text and complete goal four:
(1) Check the mastery of basic knowledge, explain the following words and mark the words in brackets with phonetic symbols:
(pi) (Li) _ _ _: earthquake (shock)_ _ _:
Rough (clumsy) _ _ _: Lonely (widowed) _ _ _:
(2) Design questions to check students' mastery of the text content and their experience of artistic features.
1. What do I think when I often ask about Shan Hai Jing? What does this idea say about my psychology?
2. When Chang said, "Brother, I bought you a Samadhi Sutra", what was the reaction of "I"? What kind of mood do you show?
3. "This has brought me new respect. She can succeed in anything that others refuse to do or cannot do. She does have a lot of power. "
Why is there a new respect? Why do you say "she does have a lot of power"?
4. "These four books are my first and most beloved treasures." Why do you say that?
5. Which sentence in the text expresses the author's memory of his eldest mother?
6. Draw sentences describing Chang, and judge which description methods are used in these sentences?
7. What's the subtlety of the sentence "Brother, I bought you a Sanhu Classic" and what are the characteristics of the characters?
(3) To solve problems, students can discuss freely and teachers can summarize and answer.
1, clear the question 1: "I know that she is not a scholar, and it is useless to say it; But since I asked, I told her everything. "
That means I have no hope of getting Shan Hai Jing from her. I'm just saying.
2. Clarify the second question: "I seem to have encountered a thunderbolt, and everyone was shocked; Hurry up and open the paper bag. "
Explain that I was shocked and moved after listening to it, showing my extreme surprise and excitement.
3. Clear question 3: Buy me a classic of mountains and seas. She is really powerful.
She can succeed in anything that others refuse to do or cannot do.
4. Clear question 4: Although these four books are rough, they were bought by someone who didn't expect them, which was very big to me at that time.
This shock made me feel grateful and "new respect"
5. Clear question 5: Good and dark Mother Earth, I would like to keep her soul in your arms!
6. Clear question 6: "She came back wearing a new blue coat, ... I bought it for you!" Description of appearance, expression, action,
Language description.
Wearing a new blue shirt is about what an ordinary woman wears.
"Pass me Shu as soon as we meet" to write about her concern and love for me.
"Happy" means happy. I bought it, which shows the kindness and kindness of the big mother.
"Brother, I bought you the' Three Hums Classics' with pictures!" I wrote a simple, passionate and caring child.
7. Clarify Question 7: The name "Brother" has local characteristics, but it also reveals Chang's affection and love for me.
The statement of "Three Hu Jing" vividly shows the image of an illiterate ordinary woman. But it's so no
People who can read books actually bought me Shan Hai Jing, so when I heard this, "it seemed like a bolt from the blue.
All the people were shocked. "This is true and natural, no exaggeration.
Therefore, this language description vividly shows that Chang is simple and enthusiastic although he is illiterate and uneducated.
The image characteristics of taking care of children are very consistent with the characteristics of characters.
(4) Summary: This part focuses on Chang's simple, warm and caring personality, and writes Chang's Buy me a Classic of Mountains and Seas.
The detailed description vividly depicts the tall image of a kind, kind and caring mother.
Third, homework:
1, exercise 3 after the text, and consolidate the goal 4.
2. Exercise 4 after class and complete Goal 5.