1950 received a doctorate in physics from Purdue University in the United States. Return to China in the same year. 1956 * * Joined China. He has successively served as an assistant researcher at the Institute of Modern Physics of Chinese Academy of Sciences, an associate researcher at the Institute of Atomic Energy, director of the Ninth Institute of the Ministry of Nuclear Industry, deputy director of the Science and Technology Committee of the Ministry of Nuclear Industry, deputy director of the Science and Technology Committee of the Commission of Science, Technology and Industry for National Defense, member of the Department of Mathematical Physics of China Academy of Sciences, and the first and second executive directors of the China Nuclear Society. He is a member of the 12th the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China Committee. Participate in organizing and leading the research and design of China's nuclear weapons. He is one of the founders of China's theoretical research on nuclear weapons. Great contributions have been made from the principle breakthrough and test success of atomic bombs and hydrogen bombs and their weaponization to the major principle breakthrough and development test of new nuclear weapons. As a major participant, its achievements have won the first prize of the National Natural Science Award and the special prize of the National Science and Technology Progress Award.
Deng Jiaxian contributed.
Studied the atomic bomb and the hydrogen bomb.
Deng Jiaxian's Glorious Life (Yan Xu)
Deng Jiaxian, 1924, was born in Huaining County, Anhui Province, with a scholarly family. The following year, he went to Beijing with his mother and grew up beside his father, a philosophy professor in Tsinghua and Peking University. He entered primary school at the age of 5 and laid a good foundation of Chinese and western culture under the guidance of his father. 1935, he was admitted to Chongde Middle School and became best friends with Yang Zhenning, who was two classes older than him and was a neighbor in Tsinghua. Deng Jiaxian was deeply influenced by the patriotic national salvation movement on campus. 1937 After the fall of Beiping, he secretly joined the Anti-Japanese Party. Under the arrangement of his father, he went to Kunming, the rear area, with his sister, and 194 1 was admitted to the Physics Department of The National SouthWest Associated University.
1945 During the victory of the Anti-Japanese War, Deng Jiaxian graduated from the National Southwest United University and joined the People's Youth, a peripheral organization in Kunming, to devote himself to the struggle for democracy and against the dictatorship of the Kuomintang. The following year, he returned to Peiping, was employed as a teaching assistant in the Department of Physics of Peking University, and served as the chairman of the staff union of Peking University in the student movement. With the ambition of learning more skills to build a new China, he passed the postgraduate examination in the United States on 1947 and entered the graduate school of Purdue University in Indiana the following autumn. Because of his outstanding academic performance, he finished all the credits in less than two years and passed the doctoral thesis defense. At this time, he was only 26 years old and was called "Doctor Doll".
1950 In August, nine days after receiving his doctorate in the United States, Deng Jiaxian declined the detention of his tutor and friends at the same school and decided to return to China. In the same year 10, Deng Jiaxian came to the Institute of Modern Physics of Chinese Academy of Sciences as a researcher. In the following eight years, he studied China's nuclear theory. 1953, he married Xu Luxi. Xu Luxi is the eldest daughter of Xu Deheng, an important student leader in the May 4th Movement and later vice chairman of the National People's Congress Standing Committee (NPCSC). 1954, Deng Jiaxian joined China.
/kloc-in the autumn of 0/958, Qian Sanqiang, vice minister of the Second Machinery Department, found Deng Jiaxian and said that "the country is going to enlarge firecrackers" and asked him if he would like to take part in this work that must be kept strictly confidential. Deng Jiaxian agreed without hesitation. After returning home, he only told his wife that he wanted to transfer his job. He can no longer take care of his family and children, and communication is difficult. The wife, who has been influenced by patriotic thoughts since childhood, understands that her husband must engage in work of great significance to the country and expresses her firm support. Since then, Deng Jiaxian's name has disappeared in publications and foreign exchanges, and his figure only appears in the heavily guarded deep courtyard and the Gobi Desert.
After Deng Jiaxian became the director of the Theory Department of the Ninth Research Institute of the Second Machinery Department, he first selected a group of college students to prepare relevant Russian materials and atomic bomb models. 1June, 959, the Soviet government terminated the original agreement, and the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China made up its mind to build its own atomic bomb, hydrogen bomb and satellite. Deng Jiaxian served as the head of the theoretical design of the atomic bomb, and at the same time deployed colleagues to study and calculate separately. He also took the lead in tackling key problems. When Deng Jiaxian faced a figure of atmospheric pressure left by Soviet experts, with the help of Zhou, he overturned the original conclusion through rigorous calculation, thus solving the key problem related to the success or failure of China's atomic bomb test. Mathematician Hua later said that this was the result of the "World Mathematical Problem Set".
Deng Jiaxian not only works hard in secret research institutes, but also often goes to the Gobi proving ground where sand and stones fly. 1964 10, China successfully exploded the first atomic bomb, and finally he signed the design scheme. He also led the researchers to quickly enter the explosion site to take samples after the test to confirm the effect. He studied hydrogen bombs with Yu Min and others. According to the "Deng Yu Plan", the hydrogen bomb was finally made and successfully tested two years and eight months after the atomic bomb exploded. Compared with 8 years in France, 7 years in the United States and 4 years in the Soviet Union, this has created the fastest speed in the world.
1972 Deng Jiaxian was the vice president of the nuclear weapons research institute, and 1979 was the president. 1984, China successfully conducted the second generation of new nuclear weapons test in the deep desert. The next year, his cancer spread beyond saving, and his request on National Day was to visit Tiananmen Square. 1986 July 16, the State Council awarded him the National May 1st Labor Medal. On July 29th of the same year, Deng Jiaxian passed away. His last words are still about how to work hard on cutting-edge weapons and exhort: "Don't let others leave us too far away ..."
Although Deng Jiaxian has been the leader of nuclear testing for a long time, he appeared in the front line at the most critical and dangerous time with the spirit of being extremely responsible for his work. For example, the life and death of nuclear weapons, such as inserting detonators and processing uranium balls, are all at a dangerous moment, which not only strengthens management, but also gives great encouragement to operators.
Once, a parachute accident occurred during the flight test, and the atomic bomb fell to the ground and cracked. Deng Jiaxian knew the danger well, but he grabbed it by himself and took the broken atomic bomb fragments in his hand for careful inspection. As a medical professor, his wife knew that he had the cracked atomic bomb and forced Deng Jiaxian to return to Beijing for inspection. It was found that there were radioactive substances in his urine, liver damage and radioactive substances in his bone marrow. Subsequently, Deng Jiaxian still insisted on returning to the nuclear test base. When struggling, he insisted on installing the detonator himself, and for the first time, he gave an order to the people around him with the authority of the dean: "You are too young to leave!" 1985, Deng Jiaxian finally left lop Nur and returned to Beijing, still wanting to attend the meeting. The doctor forced him to be hospitalized and told him that he had cancer. He collapsed feebly in his hospital bed, facing the comfort of his wife and defense minister Zhang Aiping, and said calmly, "I knew this day would come, but I didn't expect it to come so soon." The Central Committee tried its best, but it couldn't save his life. Shortly before Deng Jiaxian died, the organization provided him with a private car. He just sat in with the help of his family and turned around a little, indicating that he had enjoyed the treatment given by the state. 0/3 years after his death and on the eve of the 50th anniversary of the National Day in 1999, the CPC Central Committee, the State Council and the Central Military Commission posthumously awarded Deng Jiaxian the gold medal of "Two Bombs and One Satellite".