Li Dingguo, a native of Yulin, Shaanxi Province, was a famous anti-Qing fighter of Li Yong's regime in Nanming.
Li Dingguo was born in a poor peasant family. In A.D. 1630, Zhang launched a hunger uprising in northern Shaanxi, taking the young Li Dingguo as his adopted son and changing his surname to Zhang. From then on, he followed Zhang everywhere.
/kloc-in the spring of 0/652, the Qing court ordered Kong Youde, king of the south, to leave Hechi and attack Guizhou from Guilin, and ordered Wu Sangui to leave Xuzhou from Jiading and attack southern Sichuan. The purpose of the Qing court was to attack the anti-Qing base area surrounded by marked troops in two times. Facing the urgent situation, Li Dingguo sent a letter to Sun Kewang, demanding to send troops to Huguang to crush the encirclement and suppression of the Qing army. Sun Kewang agreed, and decided that the soldiers in the western mainland would attack in two ways. The North Road Army thought that the main force, Bai Wenxuan as the lieutenant, attacked Sichuan; East Road attacked Hunan, with Li Dingguo as the commander in chief and Feng as the lieutenant. Sun Kewang ordered the "former army" to stay in Yunnan and Guizhou, and the western front army began to confront the main force of the Qing army.
In March, Li Dingguo's 80,000 riders went hand in hand with 50 elephants. Before leaving, there are five contract laws: no killing, no rape, no looting, no killing cattle and no arson, which effectively guarantee the military discipline and combat effectiveness of the army. In May, the North Road Army joined forces with Ke Yuan, Jing and Wu Gang. General Shen Yongzhong of the Qing army rushed to Kong Youde, and Kong Youde sent troops from Guilin to rescue him. Before helping the enemy, Li Dingguo crossed the river from Fengshuling to Baoqing and wiped out 5,000 Qing troops.
In June, Li Dingguo invaded Qiyang, seized Quanzhou, the gateway of Guangxi, and destroyed Guilin and Kong Youde. Three roads: Feng left to attack Quanzhou and right to attack. He led the army to attack the outlying strongholds of Guilin, and then attacked Guilin in three ways. In the battle of Guilin, the Western Expedition Army was brave and tenacious, and it was quick. On the left, he won unexpectedly and soon conquered the whole state. Li Dingguo made a decisive decision and ordered the troops not to enter the customs. He went to the customs himself. This decision laid the foundation for Guilin's victory.
Yan Guan is located in the north of Guilin, and occupying it will choke the passage of Guilin. On June 30th, the Qing army attacked Yan Guan, and Xiliang army fought bravely, resulting in heavy casualties. On the first day of July, Kong Youde led the elite to attack again. I saw the elephants of the western army coming before the war between the two armies. The horses of the Qing army were frightened, and Kong Youde fled in defeat. Western troops tried to hide Shiites. Kong Youde was the only one who fled back to Guilin. The Western Expedition Army chased Guilin and besieged the city. On July 4th, the Western Expedition Army climbed a ladder to attack the city, and Kong Youde was shot in the forehead. Knowing that he was desperate, he put all his belongings in one room, then let his beloved wife come out in person and finally set himself on fire. Only one woman, Kong Sizhen, escaped.
After the victory in Guilin, the whole territory of Guangxi was quickly recovered. Before the arrival of western troops, people in some areas automatically expelled the Qing army. Li Dingguo ordered not to kill innocent people, but to resettle them first. Hu Yiqing and Zhao Hehe are expected to surrender to Li Dingguo one after another. So, Li Dingguo held a banquet in Qixingyan, Guilin to celebrate the victory. He said to the military and political ministers of the Ming Dynasty: "Wen and Zhang are enough to illuminate the history of the Qing Dynasty and bring color to the world. However, we don't want this result in this country. " He expressed his determination to recover the land occupied by the Qing army and restore his ambition.
In August, Li Dingguo ordered Xu Tianyou, Ming Taizu, to guard Guilin, and led an army north to southern Hunan, taking Quanzhou and Yongzhou. In September, Li Dingguo attacked Hengzhou, and Shoujiang Shen Yongzhong abandoned the city and fled. Jin Tingxian, governor of Changsha, fled to Yingzhou along Changsha, and the following officials of the Ministry of Supervision fled into the air one day. The Qing army hasn't arrived yet, but the whole Qing army in Hunan is gone. Li Dingguo, an official of Anding Hengzhou, rested his army and prepared to continue northward.
At the same time, Li Dingguo ordered the Ming army of Guangxi to move eastward into Yangshan and Lianzhou, occupy the northwest of Guangdong, send troops to Changsha, capture Changde and Yuezhou, and command Gao Wengui to move eastward into Jiangxi until Yongxin, Anfu, Yongning and Longquan, and besieged Ji 'an, a major town in western Jiangxi. Since the invasion in July, Li Dingguo has recovered two states and sixteen counties, and about 3,000 miles of land has been returned to Nanming regime. It won the victory of "Great Victory in Hunan and Guangxi".
Li Dingguo's army is not only effective, but also disciplined. Li Ji, an old man in the Ming Dynasty, said, "The state has strict laws on soldiers. He has been in this department for half a year. Residents didn't know there were soldiers, so they went to the market to buy and sell. Dingguo Academy will be half dressed, although its sergeant is extremely difficult to tie, and David Ho has the law. "
The losing streak of the Qing army in Huguang shocked the Qing government, and quickly ordered Hong Chengchou to pass through Huguang, Yunnan, Guizhou and Guangdong, and then to Changsha. In June 65438 +065438+10, the Qing court appointed Ni Kan, the emperor of the Jin Dynasty, as the general of Dingyuan, with a rate of150,000 troops heading for Changsha from Sanbaile and Bagua Mountain. In the face of strong enemies, Li Dingguo made careful arrangements: the Western Expeditionary Army temporarily retired from Changsha, lured the Qing soldiers to cross the Xiangjiang River, and ambushed Feng and others in Baiqu City; The soldiers crossed Mount Hengshan, Li Dingguo attacked from the steaming water in the southwest of Mount Hengshan, and Feng and Ma attacked from behind. The two armies were deadlocked and the whole army was wiped out. But this plan was revealed by Feng. Sun Kewang didn't want Li Dingguo to make meritorious military service, but he secretly planned how to frame him. Feng ordered the evacuation of the ambush site and also withdrew from the battlefield.
On November 19th, Ni Kan arrived in Hengzhou. Li Dingguo led a great army in steaming water attack, and then moved to Xiangcao Temple and Caojie in the north of the city, where it was tied. Therefore, Li Dingguo is prepared to adopt ambush tactics. On the 24th, the two sides went to war again. Li Dingguo pretended to lose, and then went after Ni Kan. After the shooting, the western troops ambushed and surrounded Ni Kan. Li Dingguo chopped Ni Kan in half with a broadsword. The Qing army lost its coach and ran away. Li Dingguo took the armor embroidered flag to chase. Before Feng, Feng and Feng arrived, he sent someone to find out that he had left Xiangxiang. Li Dingguo didn't know that he was alone and couldn't expand his success, so he had to retreat to Wugang. After the Battle of Hengzhou, Li Dingguo published the portraits of Kong Youde and He in Guangdong and Chu.
Guilin and Hengzhou won two wars, shaking the Manchu regime, trembling for the name of Li Dingguo, and even giving up the plan of making peace with Li Dingguo, a southwestern province. Less than a year after the war, Li Dingguo crossed several provinces, recovered Hunan and Guangxi, and defeated hundreds of thousands of Qing troops. After the first anti-Qing climax of 1647, the second anti-Qing climax was set off. Huang Zongxi praised, "Li Dingguo fought the battle of Hengyang in Guilin, and the world was in chaos." These five things of Wanli did not exist in the heyday of the world. "
Li Dingguo was one of the most outstanding national heroes in the late Ming and early Qing Dynasties. As the leader of the peasant uprising army, he resolutely gave up his previous doubts and made up his mind to cooperate with the Nanming court. In the face of repeated provocations by Sun Kewang, the same camp, he took care of the overall situation and avoided this situation in many ways; He once said that "two famous generals shook the world", which made the Qing court ready to give up the seven southwestern provinces, but Wu Sangui was wiped out because of the leak of traitors.
During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, Li Dingguo was a hero who resisted oppression in the late Ming Dynasty. In the early Qing Dynasty, he was an outstanding military commander.
People are closely related. When guarding Yunnan and Guizhou, love the people like children. Now Yunnan people still regard Dingguo as the backbone of Yunnan! People in Yunnan admire Wuhou and Li Dingguo the most. Loyalty to the country is still celebrated until modern times. When revolutionaries rebelled in the late Qing Dynasty, Cai E and others were still following the example of Dingguo. Zhang said, "If only I married someone and forgot about Li Dingguo!"