Three stages of improving physical performance
■ Instructor: Yao Lihua from No.5 Middle School
There are two main reasons for losing points in the physics final exam last semester: first, knowledge points are not in place, for example, you can't solve calculation problems without remembering physics formulas; Second, they lack the necessary answering skills and fail to show their true level in the exam. For example, it misreads the title requirements of the examination room, or fills in the wrong answer.
If you want to improve your physics performance during the winter vacation, you can mainly divide it into three stages:
The first stage: look through the whole book and check the basic knowledge. Physics has learned most of the new contents (the first fifteen chapters), and some knowledge points may have been forgotten because of a long time, so it is necessary for students to review what they have learned so far first. The specific way is to read and take notes in class first, and at the same time choose a relatively simple exercise book (mainly fill in the blanks and multiple-choice questions). Review at this stage can help students recall what they have learned and find out the weak points.
The second stage: we should enrich our weak links. Physics mainly includes sound, light, electricity, force, heat and energy. Among them, electricity and motivation are two major knowledge sectors, which account for a large proportion in the senior high school entrance examination and are the key contents. Electricity mainly includes circuit identification, ohm's law, electricity and electromagnetism, while mechanics mainly includes force and motion, force and machinery, buoyancy and pressure, work and mechanical energy. Followed by light and heat, students can choose and focus on counseling according to their actual situation.
The third stage: preview the knowledge to be learned in the new semester. Basically, every school should start with chapter 16. Students can read books in advance and do some exercises such as navigation. This can reduce the study burden at the beginning of school.
Chemistry pays attention to exercise training.
■ Instructors: Zhu Libo of 5 1 and Xu of 52.
The contents of chemistry last semester mainly include: the mystery of material composition, chemical changes of materials, scientific exploration of chemistry and social development, etc. The problems exposed in the final test mainly include:
1, the basic knowledge of chemistry is not solid. Among the few equations, it is common that the reaction equation is not written in place, the chemical formula is written incorrectly, the conditions are lacking, and the gas symbol and precipitation symbol are not written. There are still some problems in some basic experimental operations.
2. The expression of chemical terms is not standardized. For example, there is a serious problem in writing uppercase and lowercase letters of element symbols, such as writing "measuring cylinder" as "measuring cylinder" or "measuring bucket"; The chemical formula of a substance cannot be correctly judged and written; The format of chemical calculation is not standardized.
3. The ability of scientific inquiry is not strong. The test questions focus on students' experimental exploration and analysis ability, experimental evaluation ability, information acquisition and processing ability and expression ability. Solving problems reflects that students cannot correctly analyze, obtain and process the information given in the test questions.
During the winter vacation, students can review by the following methods:
1. Pay attention to exercise training: Exercise training should emphasize the integration of knowledge and questions, that is, combine "leading questions with knowledge" and "bringing knowledge with questions" to find out what knowledge to present and what knowledge is included in the questions.
2. Do a good job in variant expansion and scientific inquiry training: variant expansion is to explore a variety of methods for a problem, which is helpful to strengthen reflective learning and optimize knowledge structure. Scientific inquiry mainly includes the basic knowledge of chemical experiments and the use of experimental means to explore problems.
3. Grasp the intention of the proposition: find out the intention of the proposition in the exercises you have done, investigate the knowledge points and ideas of solving the problem, and where are the obstacles to solving the problem, so as to improve your problem-solving ability.
4, combined with the actual targeted training: (1) select the final exam questions in recent years to analyze and practice, summarize the knowledge points often involved and focus on review. (2) Select representative topics for training, make breakthroughs at different levels, and gradually improve. (3) Re-read the questions that you answered incorrectly, and check whether you can already do them, leaving no sequelae.
Special reminder is that good problem-solving habits are the basis for getting high marks. Therefore, in the usual study, we should pay attention to cultivate our good study habits, carefully examine the questions, standardize the rigorous answers, and avoid unnecessary loss of points due to non-intellectual factors.
Mathematical thinking is the trend of proposition.
■ Instructor: Cai Risheng from Riggs Middle School.
Throughout last semester's math final exam for junior middle school students in Dalian, math thought runs through the proposition. This reflects the teaching requirements of the new curriculum standards, and it is also another development trend of mathematics proposition reform in the senior high school entrance examination in recent years.
What is the most concerned issue for candidates and parents in the senior high school entrance examination? Previous senior high school entrance examination questions were mainly reflected in the examination of knowledge points, emphasizing the coverage of knowledge points, and the examination of ability was not placed in a prominent position. In recent years, the proposition of senior high school entrance examination has changed obviously, not only emphasizing the change from knowledge level to ability level, but also emphasizing both basic knowledge and ability. Paying attention to designing propositions at the intersection of knowledge also puts forward higher requirements for the examination of students' ability. It has become a trend and consensus to pay attention to students' mathematical thinking ability in mathematics for senior high school entrance examination.
The commonly used mathematical ideas in junior high school include: combination of numbers and shapes, discussion of different situations, reduction, functions and equations, and establishment of mathematical models.
In order to better grasp the essence of mathematical thought and make full use of mathematical thought to analyze and solve specific problems, it is necessary to clarify the connotation of various mathematical thoughts.
1, the idea of combining numbers and shapes is that the problem of saying numbers can be solved by analyzing graphs, and the problem of shapes can also be considered by learning logarithms.
2. The idea of discussing situations is that when a problem cannot be continued in a unified way, it is necessary to divide the problem to be studied into several ways of thinking in which situations are studied separately.
3. The idea of transformation means that when solving practical problems, it is often necessary to carry out equivalent transformation, transform unfamiliar topics into familiar ones, sum up the laws of things from special to general, and make appropriate modifications.
4. The idea of function and equation is to learn to think with variables and functions for some mathematical problems, and learn to transform the relationship between the unknown and the known.
5. The idea of mathematical modeling refers to abstracting some relationships between main parameters and related laws and principles through observation in the analysis of specific problems. In this way, a specific practical problem is transformed into a simplified and clear mathematical model.
To sum up, students in Grade Three can use the winter vacation time to sort out and summarize the mathematical thinking methods, and know their essential characteristics, thinking procedures and operating procedures one by one. Only through targeted training on typical topics can we really adapt to the proposition of senior high school entrance examination.
Chinese is mainly accumulation and reading.
■ Instructor: Sun Kui, Middle School Attached to Liaoning Normal University.
Summing up the learning situation of the students in the last semester of Grade Three, on the whole, most students have little problem with basic knowledge, but judging from the papers, students don't grasp the details very well. For example, it is not difficult to modify sick sentences, but many students lose points because of inaccurate examination, which is a mistake in grasping the details.
Common sense of literature: students can't grasp the writer's name, time, place and evaluation well, and it is easy to remember confusedly. This part needs to be mastered flexibly and should not be wrong.
Ancient poetry: Many students can recite it completely, but there are still typos, some of which are often misspelled and often emphasized by teachers, but they still make mistakes.
Classical Chinese part: the outstanding problem is that the classical Chinese in class is out of touch with the classical Chinese outside class. Students must learn to transfer and use the knowledge points in the classroom and learn to draw inferences from others.
Modern text reading part: Many students are not accurate in judging the types of questions. For example, the unclear understanding of the "meaning and function" of a sentence leads to unfounded answers to questions, and the biggest requirement of modern text reading is that it must be justified.
Composition: single content, loose structure. As can be seen from the composition, many students are lazy. They are not used to or disdain to bring the accumulation of daily life into their composition. It is suggested that such students must attach importance to life materials. At the same time, we should pay attention to the organization of language, and don't make the whole paper lack of standardization and rigor because of improper language organization, which is a taboo in composition.
In addition, for the pronunciation of some common words, many students habitually use "regional" pronunciation, while ignoring the pronunciation of Putonghua. These students should pay attention to the practice of Putonghua.
During the winter vacation, Chinese review should focus on reading and accumulation, and students can use their leisure time to read American literature and masterpieces, which is a good accumulation stage. Students should broaden their horizons, pay attention to cultivating Chinese literacy, and grasp the key points of each part of the Chinese test paper for the senior high school entrance examination.
English regression textbook
■ Instructor: 44 minutes
Many students find English difficult to learn, but in fact, English is not much different from other subjects, and the knowledge points are completely in books. As long as you are willing to work hard, you will learn English well, at least your English performance will not be far behind by others. It can be seen from the final exam of grade three this year that the main problem of students is that they are not familiar with the teaching materials. For example, this year's cloze question comes from the original text in the textbook, but many students didn't get five fill-in-the-blank parts correctly. In fact, the trend of exams is to return to textbooks more and more, so students must be very familiar with textbooks.
Although the composition in the English exam is not as big as the Chinese composition, it is still the key point. In this exam, the students' compositions are not very satisfactory. The reason is that students are usually unwilling to write. In fact, as long as you are familiar with the teaching materials, writing is not a big problem. The second and third units of each module in the textbook are a theme, which will inform the writing content. The writing scope of the senior high school entrance examination will not be divorced from these topics, and it will definitely be mentioned in the book. Therefore, students should actively practice writing according to these topics.
The focus of review during the winter vacation can be determined according to personal circumstances, but the following two aspects can not be ignored:
1, cloze and reading should be done four or five times a day. Cloze and reading account for a large proportion in English exams, and they are easy to score. Therefore, students should ensure daily reading during holidays. English language sense is very important. If you don't watch it for a long time, it will take a lot of effort to review it.
2. Pass the textbook from grade one to grade three. The best way to review English is to read textbooks, because English textbooks cover almost all the knowledge points. During the winter vacation, all English words from Grade One to Grade Three should be reviewed, and the text should be read through to ensure that there is no problem in English-Chinese translation and Chinese-English translation, which will provide a lot of help for entering the general review after the start of school.