Topographic characteristics of Shandong: the central part of Shandong is protruding, which is a hilly area in the south-central part of Shandong; Most of the eastern part of the peninsula is hilly, with gentle ups and downs, gentle valley width and slope, belonging to the hilly area of eastern Shandong; The west and north are the plains alluvial by the Yellow River, which are part of the North China Plain and belong to the Northwest Shandong Plain. The hilly area in central and southern Shandong lies to the west of Yishu fault zone, to the south of Yellow River and Xiaoqing River, and to the east of Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal. It is the highest terrain and the widest mountainous area in the province (accounting for 77% of the middle and low mountainous area in the province).
The four mountains of Thailand, Shandong, Yi and Mongolia, whose main peak is above 1000 meters, constitute the backbone of the whole region. Because the mountains lean to the north, the northern slope is steep and the southern slope is gentle. Outside the middle and low mountains, the terrain is gradually reduced to hills with an altitude of 500-600 meters. There is a flat "Fangshan" terrain on the top of the mountain, which is called "Zi" locally and has the name of 72 feet.
The mountainside is the piedmont plain with an altitude of 40-70 meters, and the surface is inclined, and finally disappears in the magnanimous North China Plain. The hilly area in eastern Shandong is located in the east of Shuhe and Weihe river basins, surrounded by the sea on three sides. Except for a few peaks such as Laoshan Mountain, Kunyu Mountain and Ai Shan, which are above 700 meters above sea level, most of the other rolling hills are at 200-300 meters above sea level, with gentle surface fluctuation, gentle valley width, deep soil layer, surrounded by the sea on three sides and warm and humid climate, which is beneficial to the development of agriculture, forestry, fishery and animal husbandry.
The whole area is relatively high in the northeast and southwest, with an altitude of 500 to 900 meters, and the lowest in the middle, with an altitude of about 100 meters. It is a fault plain belt; The plain area in northwest Shandong is located in the west of the river-lake belt, north of the Yellow River and Xiaoqing River, and distributed on the northwest sides of the hilly areas in central and southern Shandong. The terrain is low and flat, about 70 meters above sea level.
East of Lijin Ninghai is the modern Yellow River Delta, which extends about 2-3 kilometers to the sea every year. In addition to the Yellow River Delta and Laizhou Bay, the coastal landforms in Shandong are mainly coastal areas with fault uplift and marine accumulation, and the rocky coast from Chengshanjiao to Lanshantou is mainly tortuous.
From Chengshanjiao to Penglai Jiao, the rocky coast and sandy coast are distributed alternately, mainly sandy coast, and the coastal plain is 3 to 5 kilometers wide, with marine landforms such as Lulian Island, Liandao sandbar and sand mouth. From Penglai Cape to Dahekou, the coastal rivers and seas are piled up, and the tidal flat is vast, and the intertidal zone is 5 to 10 km wide.
Famous tourist attractions in Shandong
1, Mount Tai is the "head of the five mountains", located in the middle of Shandong Province, with a total area of 426 square kilometers, and the main peak, Yuhuangding, is 1545 meters above sea level. Mount Tai is known as the epitome of China's history and culture and the symbol of Chinese national spirit, because it perfectly and harmoniously combines history and culture, natural landscape and geological landform. Mount Tai has been regarded as a symbol of social stability, political consolidation, national prosperity and national unity since ancient times, and it has also become the only famous mountain in China that has been closed to Zen by the emperor for thousands of years.
Laoshan Mountain is located in the southeast of Shandong Peninsula, bordering Qingdao in the west and the Yellow Sea in the southeast. The Laoding Giant Peak covers an area of 386 square kilometers, with an altitude of 1 133 meters. It is not only a famous Taoist mountain in China, but also a famous summer resort. The mountains are full of strange peaks and rocks, such as lion peak and sheep stone. The stone peak named Junshan is a "group sculpture of natural granite". Because of the sea, mountains and waves, a strange sight of a sea of clouds and even a mirage has formed in Xia Zi.