Lin, No.1 Middle School in Fuding City, Fujian Province

This article was published in Fujian Institute of Education (CN35-10 17/g4) (middle school) in February 2008 (7 13) (with abridged introduction).

Biography reading is an important set of standard test materials for Chinese curriculum in senior high school, a series of elective courses, a new college entrance examination model and the content of the exam. This elective course presents the test mode selected from the Chinese test papers in the experimental area of senior high school curriculum reform in 2007 and 2008 as a practical tool text. Study on Reading Four Biography Texts 07 Hainan and Ningxia Volumes Tao Sichuan 2008 Hainan and Ningxia Volumes Sheng Xuanhuai's Educational Thought and Practice Shandong Volumes 2008 Liang Shuming I Know Jiangsu Volumes 2008 Late Qing scholar Yang Yang Shoujing's main questions, multiple-choice questions and short-answer questions (Hainan and Ningxia volumed multiple-choice questions and short-answer questions for two years in a row, and the rest adopted short-answer questions. In recent two years, the reading of biographical texts in NMET is mainly based on the understanding of key sentences, the screening and integration of text information, the combing of thought structure, and the generalization of central meaning. Through the personality analysis of the main images, limited basic points, more attention is paid to the surface filtering of text information, and less participation in exploring the deep meaning, which may be beneficial to the marking operation. However, the reading test of biographical texts is still in the exploratory stage, which is related to beliefs, in-depth development, curriculum and teaching research, and reading questions of NMET biographical texts.

In the 2009 college entrance examination, Fujian will launch a new college entrance examination model. The curriculum standard requires biographical reading materials, which is part of the problem of selecting examination contents and papers. Modern reading biographical texts will include more biographical texts of the college entrance examination in 2007, with a length of more than 800 words, ranging from 65438 to 0200, most of which are abridged and transformed propositions. Let's talk about the preparation points for reading biographical texts in the college entrance examination.

BR/>； Life Introduction Literature Reading biographies of important life stories can trace a person's life experience, experience a person's emotional world, explore clues of ideological evolution, analyze the reasons for a person's success or failure, reflect on the swamp of history and the bizarre and rich experience of society, edify your point of view and improve your knowledge and experience. All kinds of biographies can be divided into autobiographies and biographies about their lives according to the people described, such as Lu Xun's autobiography and Shen Congwen's autobiography, which are ghostwritten by others, such as "Sun Yat-sen, President in Cloth" and "Deng, my father", from the description, characters and notes, such as: "Unable to face life experience-Lu Xun's biography"; Biographies of key figures are spread to the public through the edge of the ball, accompanied by biographies with pictures and videos, and through the outstanding characteristics of the authenticity of biographies and the real people, real names, places of residence and activities of literary biographies, no fictional writing is allowed. Biography is different from ordinary boring history. It has a literal life and emotions, including love, hate and hatred through the author's selection, editing, grouping and then pouring, which requires the use of artistic technology. )

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Check the ability of practical reading criticism. Review and prepare for the comprehensive analysis, appreciation evaluation and exploration covered by the text perspective biography reading ability level test. The following research objectives should be placed in the general office.

analyse

1。 Screening and integration of text information.

Read the text and extract relevant important facts, mainly to understand the preacher's life experience or life track; Perceive the master's personality characteristics, or pursue life and think about personality; It conforms to the historical position and role of the preacher, the clear attitude and evaluation of the preacher or the self-knowledge and evaluation of the preacher.

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For example: National College Entrance Examination (Hainan and Ningxia Volume) Question 16) (Sheng Xuanhuai and which applicant founded Beiyang University in 2008? What kind of education is it to embody his thoughts? ("Holy Teaching Thoughts and Educational Practice Activities") (6 points)

Analysis: This question is the key information to examine the picture and integrate the biographical text. This question contains two questions. The former requires Sheng Xuanhuai to express the opinions of the school, while the latter requires him to look at, analyze and summarize the specific requirements of his educational thought from their school, from writing to western learning: first, it is forbidden to "surpass", and second, it is "to learn the order and complete the fetus". The students in the school must be gradual, and they should not be in the middle of his greed. The second is to learn specialized technology, but it is a tool for writing language. It embodies his thought of "learning while learning".

Selection of answers and integration of information articles "What kind of questions should be comprehensive and accurate? How to comprehensively and accurately select and integrate biographical texts? " ? First of all, we should read more biographies that grasp the main content (the thoughts, concepts, personalities and related events of the characters) in the overall perception. With a good title, the first paragraph quickly extracts all the above questions from the neck and tail, as well as from the negotiation sentence, and selects the text title. This paper introduces the focus-educational thought and school practice, as well as the main information of the subject. The theme is links. According to the requirements of the topic, it is necessary to extract the objectives and standards of information filtering, put forward the idea of "establishing Beiyang University Hall and educational thought", and rule out whether it should be done. Thirdly, through the information filtering of the final text range, we can find out the key sentences within it, or extract and recombine them, or the general relay language is concise and clear, so as to avoid white images and mechanical copying.

2。 Analyze the characteristics of language, grasp the structure of the article and summarize the central meaning.

Intensive full-text analysis of narrative tone (the emotional tendency of the commentator) and its clear language style, or simple, lively, humorous, solemn, praise or calm; Experience in narrative writing, lyricism, discussion and other skills, such as various characteristics and descriptions of portraits, language, movements, psychology, manner, details, structural level analysis of biographies of people, sorting out the effect of expressing ideas, grasping clues, and the degree of detail, density, complexity and intention of primary and secondary schools; Summarize the differences between biographical themes.

For example: (In the 2007-2008 school year, Question 20 of the Comprehensive Test for Senior Three of the Middle School Attached to South Normal University (II)) "Since then, what role has the word" Qingzhao is always a lonely goose "played? ("Li Qingzhao Tong (Excerpt)" (4 points)

Analysis: This question examines the understanding of the meaning and function of key sentences in biographical texts. Judging from the structure of the article, it plays a transitional role. The article holds that the pain of Li Qingzhao's lonely wandering in her own life course has changed forever, which is a turning point in her life.

Language features, we should not only perceive the emotional tone and language style of this article as a whole, but also taste the wording skills and effects of local paragraphs and sentences. The whole chapter of Sichuan is full of admiration for Ye. Emotional Ye and her children's articles began to explore vivid and specific scene descriptions in their compositions to express their mothers, words and behaviors and indulge their personality characteristics. "During the period of love, what has become more here? What is missing here? Can there be a more suitable word? Is it better to change words and sentences? " Pure two-color language is used to describe the problem, while the appropriate father and mentor write delicately and sincerely.

BR/>； Grasping the structure of the article depends on the choice of biographical writing materials, organizational functions and the concrete embodiment of structural concepts, which is the basis and reason of structural arrangement. The teacher's biographical text is read paragraph by paragraph, and the observation is transmitted paragraph by paragraph to determine the detailed narrative, such as "in the context of the two-pronged evolution of foreign countries in the late Qing Dynasty, grasp the turning sentence and quickly sort out the relevant words." In the fourth full text of Yang Shoujing, the first three paragraphs introduce the historical value of the academic masterpiece Shui Jing Zhu summarized in the last paragraph of their school life journey in chronological order. At the same time, the introduction of academic research also pays attention to geographical research.

To sum up the meaning of the Central Committee, we should firmly grasp the biographical words to write the deeds of the Lord and explore the representativeness of the feelings, thoughts and spiritual events of the characters. According to the specific requirements of immortality, we should summarize and grasp the key sentences in the text, such as the first sentence, the end of the paragraph and the first sentence. Pay attention to the language format, which is generally summarized according to "fact highlighting+behavior, virtue elements (or spiritual connotation)", and the sentence structure should be short.

3. Analyze the stylistic features and expressive techniques of the article.

A close reading of the biographical description of the full-text analysis, the use of expressive techniques to depict characters, the analysis of material characteristics and the intention of the biographical selection group can distinguish the common types of major biographies and autobiographical comments from the general writing characteristics. From the structural point of view, biographies that express similar general narratives are loosely advanced in one line and parallel in two lines, from the technical description control, background, symbols and rendering, from the scene description and outline details of rhetoric, quotation, metaphor and so on.

For example, what role did Liang Shuming's father devote himself to in the fourth paragraph? Suicide, and the wording in the text ("I know Liang Shuming" (4 points)

To solve this problem, it is necessary to check the understanding of the intention of arranging biographical materials. The text shows Liang Shuming's tradition about family. Liang Shuming should pay special attention to cultural issues so that readers can understand the characters more comprehensively.

Narration, description and discussion are the main expressions of biographical texts. Narration is its basic feature, except discussion, bill and so on. The ideological proposition of revealing and spreading living historical contributions lives in such an era background. Reading, pay attention to the causal relationship between events, comments and lyricism, and find its expression through the characteristics and significance of the main images. Analyze the expression techniques, pay attention to the use of narrative, explanation, comment, lyric and other basic ways to write common sense to organize answers, and avoid arrogance.

Appreciation evaluation

The text of main evaluation viewpoints and its basic trend.

Grasp the biographer's evaluation and emotional tendency from the main ideological standpoint, political viewpoint or artistic viewpoint of the biographer's life story narration and comment. Biography is about art, and events and details are important parts of biography. The author can describe typical events and the details that can best express his personality through the attitude and emotion of the Lord. Evaluation should be good at sorting out specific events, scenes and details, getting rid of the weeds and keeping the seeds, and grasping the main points and basic tendencies; We should also grasp the views and comments of the text, the author's views and attitudes.

Such as: (2007 National College Entrance Examination (Hainan, Ningxia Volume) 18) Advantages and Disadvantages written by Tao in his later years. Judging from the contents of the resume, the discussion text reflects Ye Shengtao's "willing to be a willing ox". Please briefly discuss ("Chuantao") (8 points).

Analysis: this question is to investigate and understand the character and sentiment of the owner. Ye Shengtao is in Sichuan. "The vivid performance of pregnant cows in the middle of the year can be seen from the following three aspects: (1) patience, love and care for children. (2) Readers are carefully cultivated, enthusiastic and tolerant. ③ Young editors seek advice, help, care and care.

To answer the question "the text and basic tendency of evaluation points", we should distinguish between the text and the idea of mass housing. From the perspective of different people, we must carefully sort out and fully grasp the elements and tendencies. They can find suitable materials to support their views, make scientific analysis and logical reasoning, and then make their own reasonable judgments. Please discuss such problems more. The best answer shows that the organization combines the points before and after repetition and the deficit between the left and right branches.

(2) Evaluate the social value and influence of words.

Reading biographies can help people understand the form of intention, which is the entrance to an evaluation text of social value and influence. Biographers generally make great contributions or influences to the country or mankind. Reading should be coordinated with the historical background and social environment of reading. By grasping the important facts of the main life and the works that convey the main personal career journey, grasping the various factors of typical events and details, we can make a realistic analysis and objective evaluation of the growth of evangelists, thus revealing the typical social significance and influence and spreading the message of the Lord.

For example: (Question 22 of the College Entrance Examination in Shandong Province in 2008) Do some tested articles "know" what Liang Shuming wrote and have any influence on your writing? ("I know Liang Shuming") (6 points)

Solution: This problem needs to be tested from the author's point of view, the main evaluation points passed by students, and the perspective of explaining enlightenment. The understanding of Liang Shuming's author mainly comes from two aspects: knowledge and character. The enlightenment to our writing is mainly reflected in the following points: (1) The combination of literary criticism and biography. (2) Choose familiar materials. (3) The core elements of identity proof (4) The embodiment of the character expresses the character through details.

To answer the question about the social value and influence of "evaluation text", we should be good at understanding the biographical text of immigrants. On the basis of reading through the biographical text, (1) the distance from here to Lenovo, the time of the article or the background of contemporary society, the appropriate social, political and economic conditions, the mainstream ideological culture, the control layer concerned by the grassroots, and the realistic evaluation and explanation (2). The questions asked reflect the intention of reading or writing Wu's proposition.

explore

1. Discuss the value of life and the spirit of the times reflected in the text.

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For example, the quality inspection of Mother Teresa in Ganyu Middle School (2007-2008) in Jiangsu Province is a representative of humanitarianism. Who is Mother Teresa? First, talk about the characteristics of humanitarianism in words, and talk about the practical significance of social practice and humanitarianism. ("What made Mother Teresa embark on the road to redemption?" ) (8 points)

Analysis: This topic is an exploration to investigate and understand the spiritual connotation of the preacher and the social significance of the life value and the spirit of the times reflected by it in contemporary society. Explore the practical significance of humanitarianism from the following angles: (1) From the social point of view, we need to consider: building a harmonious society requires humanitarianism (in today's society, the greed of some people still blinds the sacrificed public interests, and social harmony is not good); (2) Considering that the people in the countries concerned are concerned about survival, it is necessary to show humane care to the vulnerable groups (the gap between the rich and the poor still exists, and the patients and the elderly, disasters and difficulties still exist).

Answer this question, analyze and summarize the life of the characters in the text, explore the value of life, and reveal what kind of spirit of the times their outlook on life reflects and what positive significance it has for the current society. Organizational answers should be related to the above points that contemporary social reality will mean, and strive to reflect what kind of observation and thinking angle each point reflects.

2。 Discuss the problem of writing and put forward your own views.

For example, the quality of Guangzhou is one of the reasons for its success in the third year (Volume 2008). Some people think that talent is the key, while others think that acquisition is more important. Take Duncan as an example and talk about your opinion. (showgirl) (6)

Analysis: In the process of this question, Duncan, a famous dancer, raised a question, which triggered a discussion among readers. Candidates can express their views in combination with the growth of evangelists, which can be proved by relatively free answer space, but dialectical analysis should be better, not only to ensure talent is the key, but also to see the decisive influence of acquired efforts.

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Answers, inquiry questions and text contents should be dialectically analyzed and supplemented to form a more reasonable point of view. Generally speaking, organizational answer is the best logical thinking of the total. Firstly, it gives a clear overview, then analyzes the relevant text content in detail, and finally summarizes and reiterates it.

In the short term, reading college entrance examination biographies is a form of examining text interpretation, evaluating and exploring the basic ability of information reading and testing the reading ability of modern Chinese. As long as you follow the exam instructions carefully and study for the purpose of preparing for the exam, you can easily cope.