PICO is a retrieval method of formatted information based on EBM theory. Short names for participants, interventions, comparisons and results.

PICO divides each question into four parts:

Participants (objects);

Intervention (intervention);

Comparison (control);

Results (prognosis);

There was only PICO at first, and then an S was added. Different norms have slightly different interpretations of PICOS, but in general, it has only one purpose, that is, to express the "clinical problems" that are difficult to locate in a standardized way through the dimension of PICOS. Only in this way can further work be carried out.

Constructing clinical problems with PICOS;

Scenario 1: A patient with HP infection admitted to the Department of Gastroenterology is still positive in breath test after two weeks of routine anti-HP treatment. Do you want to continue treatment? He is a serious and responsible doctor with evidence-based medical literacy, so he thought of looking for good evidence. So the question is, where do you start when searching for documents? The answer is PICOS, of course. He wanted to identify the following elements:

P:P:HP infected patients, routine treatment is ineffective for 2 weeks;

I: continue anti-HP treatment;

C: Stop treatment/change treatment

; O: HP infection turned negative;

Student: Meta-analysis /RCT/ cohort.

After separation, he can look for evidence. Of course, the next step is to evaluate the evidence and then use the corresponding evidence.

Scenario 2: At present, there are differences on whether patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder need cognitive behavioral therapy on the basis of drug therapy, and there is evidence to support whether to use combined therapy (Huang Fangfang, Li Zhanjiang, etc. , 20 13). A group of doctors with ideals and ambitions hope to synthesize the existing research results in the form of meta-analysis through their own efforts. Then the question comes, how to determine the topic and screen the literature? The same is PICOS:

P: adult patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder;

I: cognitive behavioral therapy combined with drug therapy;

C: simple drug treatment;

O: Improvement of Yale-Brown Compulsive Scale;

S: RCT.

Then you can draw up the topic and start the design of systematic review.

References:

Baidu encyclopedia? Document retrieval format of evidence-based medicine