Editor of this magazine: Nowadays, teachers are very tired of teaching and educating people due to various reasons such as work pressure. How to face this kind of job burnout of teachers often makes some principals and teachers feel helpless and even distressed. As principal. What do you think of teachers' job burnout in their career?
Yu Kunzhen: Various studies at home and abroad show that job burnout is most likely to occur in the process of helping others. This is because people engaged in this kind of occupation are too obsessed with the ideal lifestyle, but they may not get the expected beauty, resulting in fatigue and emotional exhaustion.
Job burnout does great harm to teachers themselves, students, schools and society. For teachers, it will lead to emotional, cognitive and behavioral fatigue, indifference, negativity and tension. For students, they will be physically punished or psychologically abused, which will affect their interest in learning and their grades; For the school, it will lead to the decline of teaching quality, the floating of people's hearts and the loss of teachers' morality; For the society, it will seriously affect the construction of teachers and waste educational resources, thus affecting the quality of personnel training and national development. Therefore, it is urgent to solve the problem of teachers' job burnout.
Miao: Teachers have become a high-risk group of job burnout because they attach importance to emotional input and have a heavy workload. In the current social environment, job burnout is becoming more and more obvious, and teachers in high schools, junior high schools, primary schools and kindergartens may have job burnout. Teachers' job burnout not only hinders their own development and progress, but also has a negative impact on education and teaching. Therefore, it is necessary to deeply analyze the causes and manifestations of teachers' job burnout, and then find a solution to the problem.
Hong: The phenomenon of teachers' job burnout has a long history. In China, it has become an increasingly important issue for some time. In a certain period of time in the future, the phenomenon of teachers' job burnout will still exist, and it may even become more common.
Teachers' job burnout should be analyzed not only from the level of ideology or professional ethics, but also from the aspects of physiology, psychology, emotion and values. This is to better analyze the causes of teachers' job burnout and find an effective way to solve the problem.
Editor of this journal: As a principal, only by deeply understanding the job burnout of teachers can we intervene, and then give guidance and influence. So, what are the reasons for teachers' job burnout? Please tell us more about it.
H: First, it is caused by long-term high pressure. First of all, the source of stress is the high expectations of society. First, the society has higher and higher expectations for teachers' moral image; Secondly, the society has higher and higher expectations for the effectiveness of teachers' work; Thirdly, based on the increasing expectations of society for teachers' image and job requirements, teachers' self-awareness of shaping their own higher professional ethics image and realizing higher work value is constantly strengthened, resulting in greater pressure. At the same time, teachers should not only deal with students' continuing education, but also deal with students' safety management, mental health education and the cultivation of good morality and habits. Secondly, the source of stress is caused by excessive workload, long working hours and re-learning. At present, the pressure on teachers to enter higher schools is rising, which leads to teachers' heavy teaching tasks and long working hours; In the face of curriculum reform and changing students, teachers need to constantly "recharge", which increases their learning pressure.
Second, it is caused by too much role-playing. Teachers have to face all kinds of students and parents, leaders and colleagues, and their roles change frequently in their work, and each role has higher requirements. This makes teachers face more and more challenges in emotion, psychology and work.
Third, the working environment and work performance are single. Now students only care about whether they study hard and get good grades in the exam. The topic of communication between teachers and parents is mainly students' study. Teachers' work performance is mainly reflected in students' academic performance and enrollment rate. This makes the original good working environment of teachers very single.
Fourth, the evaluation mechanism is imperfect and the development space is limited. Many schools have basically established an evaluation mechanism for the enrollment rate, but in the process of implementation, the enrollment rate (teaching achievement) is often too prominent, and the evaluation of the work results other than the enrollment rate, such as the education of students' ideological and moral character, good behavior habits and aesthetic ability, is basically ignored. At the same time, teachers have been teaching and educating people in schools for many years and need to pay a lot of emotions. They have a strong feeling about "being someone else's wedding dress" and "being someone else's ladder". If the school cannot provide them with favorable conditions for further exercise and enriching their spiritual life, teachers will strongly feel that there is not much room for development, and the occurrence of job burnout, boring life and emotional exhaustion will become inevitable.
Fifth, it causes the deviation of teachers' value orientation. Although the treatment of teachers has improved a lot in recent years, the gap between the rich and the poor has been widening because of the imperfect distribution system. Compared with other industries, many teachers feel that their efforts are not commensurate with their economic returns, so they hold a "almost enough" attitude towards job requirements, which is a value basis of job burnout.
Miao: First, due to the unbalanced development of education and the relative scarcity of high-quality educational resources, people expect too much from teachers. They think that if children enter a "prestigious school" and find a "famous teacher", their growth will be guaranteed. This virtually exaggerates the role and responsibility of school education, and also puts a heavy psychological burden on many teachers.
The second is the serious distrust of teachers in society. It should be said that the vast majority of teachers are dedicated and selfless, but if a few teachers have deviant behavior or violate the law and discipline, public opinion will often rise to moral criticism of the teachers. This makes the teacher feel hard but not understood, feels wronged in all aspects, and then has a feeling of teaching weariness.
Third, parents' misunderstanding and uncooperative attitude towards teachers' work. Because some parents are eager for their children's success, they all hope that teachers can give their children special care, whether in study, thought or life. When these requirements cannot be fully met, or when children have problems in some aspects, some irrational parents often take it out on their teachers, and even have conflicts with them in order to protect some shortcomings of their children. Once this happens, for a long time, teachers' mood will become very low, and their sense of professional frustration and burnout will become more and more serious.
The fourth is the realistic environment of the school. At present, many schools still implement the old evaluation system, so it is difficult to evaluate teachers' educational ideas, teaching methods and teachers' shaping of students' personality. The most easily quantifiable test scores and enrollment rate are the only evaluation basis, which makes a considerable number of teachers have to work under the pressure of further studies like students. At the same time, measures such as the evaluation of professional titles, the appointment of teachers, the elimination of the last place and the performance reward in school education management have made every teacher feel unprecedented pressure.