China historian, ancient philologist, writer and social activist. The baby's name is Bao Wen, the scientific name is Kai Zhen, and the name is Shangwu. 19 19 When he first published a new poem, his pen name was Muruo. 1892 165438+1October16 (September 27th, 18th year of Guangxu) was born in Shawan Town, Guan 'e Township, Leshan County, Jiading District, Sichuan Province (now Shawan District, Leshan, Sichuan Province). Originally from Ninghua County, Tingzhou Prefecture, Fujian Province (now Ninghua, Fujian Province). 1autumn of 907 to 19 13 summer, studied in Jiading Fu Middle School, Sichuan Higher Education Middle School and Chengdu Higher Education Science Department. He led many student movements against the old education system and took part in the Sichuan Railway Protection Movement. 1965438+In July 2004, he was admitted to the medical preparatory class of Tokyo No.1 higher education institution. In July of the following year, he was promoted to Okayama Sixth College. 19 18 In August, I went to Fukuoka and was promoted to the Faculty of Medicine of Kyushu Imperial University. After the May 4th Movement broke out, he and several students studying in Japan organized a "summer club" to collect comments and materials about foreign powers' invasion of China from Japanese newspapers and post them in domestic schools and newspapers, and write articles against Japanese imperialist political propaganda. 192 1 In June, a famous literary group "Creation Society" was established with Yu Dafu and others. 1923 graduated from Kyushu imperial university with a bachelor's degree in medicine in March. 1924 translated "Social Organization and Social Revolution" in Kawakami [Japan] in May, and initially tended to Marxism. 1March, 926, recommended by Qu Qiubai, he was appointed Dean of College of Literature of Guangdong University (changed to Sun Yat-sen University the following year). In July of the same year, he participated in the Northern Expedition War and successively served as the propaganda section chief, secretary-general and deputy director of the General Political Department of the National Revolutionary Army. After the "April 12th" coup, he wrote "Seeing Chiang Kai-shek Today". 1927 Participated in the Nanchang Uprising, served as director of the General Political Department of the Revolutionary Army, chairman of the Propaganda Committee of the Kuomintang Revolutionary Committee, and a member of the presidium, and participated in China. After the first cooperation between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party broke down, he lived in Japan for ten years (1February 928 to1July 937), engaged in the study of China's ancient history and ancient philology. From 1930 to 1939, China Ancient Society Research, Oracle Bone Inscriptions Research, Yin and Zhou Bronze Inscriptions Research, Jin Kao, Oracle Bone Inscriptions Collection, Collection of Ancient Chinese Characters, Supplement of Ancient Chinese Characters, and Interpretation of Bronze Inscriptions have been published successively. And actively support the revolutionary cultural activities of young people studying in Japan and domestic literary and art circles. After the outbreak of War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, he returned to China and, under the direct leadership of Zhou Enlai, organized and United progressive cultural figures to engage in the anti-Japanese national salvation movement. He has served as director of the Third Hall of the Political Department of the Military Commission of the National Government and director of the Cultural Work Committee of the Political Department of the Military Commission of the National Government. After the Southern Anhui Incident, he mainly engaged in the creation of historical dramas and the writing of historical theories. From 194 1 12 to 1943 in March, he wrote Qu Yuan, Tiger Charm, Gao Jianli, Peacock Gallbladder and Southern Crown Grass. (See color map) And continue to systematically study the nature of ancient China society and the thoughts of pre-Qin philosophers. The main historical works are Ten Ballads, Bronze Age, Historical Figures, etc. Many historical plays and a large number of poems he created during this period played a role in cracking down on the enemy and inspiring the revolutionary people's fighting spirit. After the victory of the Anti-Japanese War, he stood at the forefront of the democratic movement. 1947165438+10, leading the work of China Academic Workers Association and Hong Kong Branch of All-China Federation of Literary and Art Circles. 1949 In August, he was elected as the chairman of the All-China Federation of Literary and Art Circles at the National Congress of Literary and Art Workers. After the founding of People's Republic of China (PRC), he served as a member of the Central People's Government, Vice Premier of the State Council and director of the Culture and Education Committee, president of China Academy of Sciences, director of the Department of Philosophy and Social Sciences of China Academy of Sciences, director of the First Institute of History, president of the University of Science and Technology of China, chairman of the second and third sessions of the China Federation of Literary and Art Circles, chairman of the People's Committee for Defending World Peace in China, and honorary president of the China Friendship Association. At the 9th, 10th and 11th Congress of China, he was elected as a member of the Central Committee. At the first to the fifth National People's Congress, they were all elected as vice-chairmen of the Standing Committee. He has served as the first member of Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference, the fourth member of the Standing Committee and the second, third and fifth vice-chairmen. At the same time, he continued to write, publishing books such as Slavery Age and Collection of Literature and History, sorting out ancient books, editing books such as China Historical Manuscripts and Oracle Bone Inscriptions Collection, and writing historical dramas such as Cai Wenji, Wu Zetian and Zheng Chenggong.

Guo Moruo is a profound and brilliant scholar, who has made great achievements in literature, art, philosophy, history, archaeology, the study of inscriptions on bronze and Oracle Bone Inscriptions, and the translation and introduction of Marxist theoretical works and foreign progressive literature and art, and has created a new generation of styles in poetry, drama and novels. Goddess, a collection of poems, is the foundation stone of China's new poetry. Qu Yuan and other historical dramas are unique, which has opened up a broad road for the development of China's new historical dramas. He studied the history of China from the Marxist point of view, and combined the study of ancient philology with the study of ancient history, becoming one of the pioneers of Marxist historiography in China. His Study of China Ancient Society is the first work in China to explain the history of China from the perspective of Marxism. He classified and explained Oracle Bone Inscriptions, made dating and country studies on the two-week bronze inscriptions, comprehensively analyzed the messy archaeological data and established a complete scientific system. His representative works are Textual Research on Two Weeks of Bronze Inscription and General Compilation of Oracle Bone Inscriptions. His idea of dividing ancient history into stages had a great influence on the history of China and promoted the in-depth development of historical research.

1June, 978, Guo Moruo died in Beijing.

Guo Moruo's works are rich. The Complete Works of Guo Moruo, edited by Guo Moruo's Works Editing and Publishing Committee, contains 38 volumes of works published by the author before his death, including 20 volumes of literature, 8 volumes of history and 0/0 volumes of archaeology. In addition, there are many unedited and unpublished works and letters.