1989, Master of History.
1989, graduated from the training course of National Cultural Heritage Administration archaeological team leader.
1992 was admitted to the Department of Archaeology, Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, and studied under Professor Xu, specializing in urban archaeology.
1996, Ph.D. in history, working in the research and interpretation institute of China Academy of Social Sciences.
He has been a visiting scholar at Komazawa University, La Trobe University, University of California, and a visiting professor at Taiwan Province Political University in China.