1in July, 904, the first revolutionary group-science tutorial school appeared in Wuchang, and then secret revolutionary organizations such as Japanese notification, literary society and progressive society were established one after another. Hubei revolutionaries went deep into the new army, publicized the revolution, developed revolutionary organizations among soldiers, and worked hard for a long time. Until the eve of Wuchang Uprising, one third of the soldiers in the new army had joined the revolutionary organization and became the main force of the uprising. 19 1 1 in April, after the failure of the Huanghuagang uprising in Guangzhou, the League decided to shift the focus of the revolution to the Yangtze River basin, and under the impetus of the League Central Committee, the great alliance of Hubei revolutionary organizations was realized. The movement of protecting roads in Sichuan in summer indicates the coming of the storm of national revolution. Most of Wuhan's new army was transferred to Sichuan, and the ruler's power weakened, and the conditions for Wuchang uprising were ripe. On September 24th, the Literature Society and the Progressive Association held a joint meeting in Wuchang, and Jiang Yiwu was appointed as the temporary commander-in-chief and Sun Wu as the chief of staff, making an uprising plan. However, the actual uprising did not go as planned. 654381October 9, when Sun Wu tried to make a bomb in the general revolutionary office in Baoshan, the Russian concession in Hankou, he accidentally exploded. All documents were searched by Russian police and the office was exposed. Jiang Yiwu learned the news, immediately called an emergency meeting and decided to uprising that night. However, the uprising was not realized because the order was not delivered in time. Ruicheng, Governor of Huguang, ordered the search for party member, and Wuchang organs were destroyed. 10 June10, Ruicheng continued to publish books to arrest people, and the situation was very serious. At this critical moment, the revolutionaries in the new army automatically contacted. At 7 o'clock that night, due to Jin Zhaolong's nervousness, the rifle went off. Xiong Bingkun, the general representative and rear captain of the Revolutionary Party of the Eighth Battalion of the Project, decided to lead the whole battalion to attack first. He led more than a dozen revolutionary soldiers to the armory of Chu Wangtai, and the soldiers of the left team of this battalion who guarded the armory fired their guns to cooperate and successfully occupied Chu Wangtai. Wu (equivalent to the company commander), an officer of the left team of the engineering battalion, was promoted to the temporary general commander. That night 1 1 or so, the revolutionary army took the engineering barracks as the main force and stormed the headquarters in three ways. More than 1,000 soldiers in the headquarters blocked it with strong firepower, but all the troops could not get their hands on it. At midnight, a second attack was launched. Ruicheng was frightened by the gun and fled from the back wall of the supervision room. At 2 am the next day, the revolutionary army attacked again and finally captured the headquarters before dawn. Wuchang Uprising has won! 1 1 Sunday evening and 12 early morning, the revolutionary army successively occupied Hanyang, Hankou and Wuhan and completely recovered them. This is the first victory since Sun Yat-sen led the revolutionary uprising. When the news came out, it shocked the whole country and the whole world. Wuchang Uprising led to the end of China's feudal dynasty rule for more than two thousand years, and its historical significance is undeniable.
Wuchang Uprising
19 1 1 Wuchang Uprising was the failure of Huanghuagang Uprising in, and some revolutionaries decided to turn their targets to the Yangtze River basin and prepare to launch a new armed uprising in the Hubei and Hunan areas with Wuhan as the center. Through the efforts of revolutionaries, the epoch-making Wuchang Uprising was finally successfully launched in1911(191the first month of the lunar calendar)+10. The victory of the uprising gradually led to the demise of the Qing Dynasty.
19 1 1 On the eve of the Wuchang Uprising in, various social contradictions in China intensified, people rebelled constantly, and revolutionaries launched an armed uprising. 1906, the Qing court threw out "preparatory constitutionalism", but its essence was to increase the royal power, and the majority of constitutionalists were extremely dissatisfied with it; 1908, Empress Dowager Cixi and Emperor Guangxu passed away one after another. The three-year-old Xuan Tong Emperor Puyi ascended the throne, and his father Zai Feng was the Regent. 19 1 1 May, there were nine Manchu (seven of them were royalty) and four Han. The constitutionalists, known as the "royal cabinet", were disappointed, and a few people joined the revolutionary party. In order to gain foreign support and maintain the rule, the Qing court nationalized the commercial railways in Guangdong, Sichuan, Hubei and Hunan, and then sold them to foreign countries, which led to a large-scale people's resistance movement-the road protection movement, in which Sichuan was the most intense.
Get ready.
Two revolutionary groups, Literary Society and Progressive Association, carried out revolutionary propaganda work in Hubei New Army, developed revolutionary forces in the new army and actively prepared for the uprising.
After the uprising
In order to put out the people's uprising in Sichuan, the Qing court sent Duan Fang, a minister, to lead some new Hubei troops into Sichuan to suppress it, which weakened the defense force of the Qing army in Hubei, and the revolutionaries decided to launch an uprising in Wuchang. 1911September 2004 14, the literary society and the progressive association, under the impetus of the League, set up a unified leading organ of the uprising to jointly fight against the Qing Dynasty. On September 24th, two revolutionary groups held a joint meeting and decided to launch an uprising on June 6th, 65438/KLOC-0. The activities of revolutionaries have been noticed by Hubei authorities, and they are on guard everywhere. In addition, Huang Xing and Song, important members of the League, failed to reach Wuhan, and the uprising was postponed.
654381October 9, Sun Wu and others accidentally caused an explosion while preparing a bomb in the Russian Concession in Hankou. Russian patrol arrived at the news and searched the revolutionary party roster, uprising proclamation, etc. Let the cat out of the bag. Ruicheng, governor of Huguang, ordered the closure of four cities and searched for revolutionaries everywhere. In desperation, the Revolutionary Party decided to immediately launch an uprising on the evening of October 9th 12, 65438. However, Wuchang city was heavily guarded, and the standard camp revolutionary army could not get in touch, so the plan for that night fell through.
The revolutionaries in the new army contacted themselves and agreed to launch an uprising on the night of June 10 with the sound of guns. On the evening of June+10 10, 65438, the Revolutionary Army of the Eighth Battalion of the New Army Project fired the first shot of the Wuchang Uprising and seized the Chuwangtai Ordnance Station near Zhonghemen. Wu was elected as interim commander-in-chief. Tens of thousands of rifles, dozens of guns and hundreds of thousands of bullets were seized, which laid the foundation for the victory of the uprising.
At this time, the revolutionary army of the trench team, artillery battalion and engineering team stationed outside Wuchang also launched an uprising with the torch as its name and gathered in Chuwangtai. Cai, the 29 th target of Wuchang City, and Xing Wu Han, the 30 th target, also led some uprising soldiers out of the camp and rushed to Chu Wangtai; Later, the standard camp revolutionaries inside and outside Wuchang City also led the uprising and rushed to Chu Wangtai. The number of insurgents reached more than 3000.
10 10 In the evening, 10, the insurgents attacked the Governor's Mansion and the nearby eighth town headquarters in three ways. He also ordered the guns that had entered the city to occupy the launching positions of Zhonghemen and Sheshan and bomb the headquarters. At first, the insurgents did not have a strong command, and the attack was frustrated by the lack of troops. In the afternoon 12, the insurgents attacked again, broke through the enemy lines and set fire near the headquarters. Marked by fire, artillery near Sheshan and Zhonghemen fired at the light. Ruicheng, governor of Huguang, broke the back wall of the governor's house and fled from the Yangtze River by boat. The eighth town has taken control of Zhang Biao and is still resisting in the Ministry. After repeated attacks, the insurgents finally occupied the headquarters and the town headquarters before dawn. Zhang Biao withdrew from Wuchang, and the whole Wuchang was under the control of the insurgents.
Moved by the wind, the revolutionaries in Hanyang and Hankou recovered Hanyang and Hankou on the nights of June+1 October 65438+1October/Sunday 65438 and June+1October 65438 respectively. After the rebel army took control of the three towns in Wuhan, it established the Hubei military government, elected Li as the viceroy, changed the country name to the Republic of China, and called on the people of all provinces to revolt and respond. Just two months after the victory of Wuchang Uprising, thirteen provinces including Hunan and Guangdong declared their independence from the Qing government. 1 91265438+1October1,the provisional government of the Republic of China was established in Nanjing, and Sun Yat-sen was elected as the provisional president. 19 12 February 12, the Qing emperor Puyi abdicated and the Qing Dynasty perished.