After meeting, the two talked long into the night, and the experiences of the common Northern Expedition and Nanchang Uprising kept appearing in their conversation.
Shortly after the meeting, He Long specially hosted a welcome banquet for him, attended by cadres at or above the regimental level in the military region.
He Long introduced to the cadres: "This is Comrade Ou Baichuan, deputy division commander of 1 division during the Nanchang Uprising. In the Nanchang-Hailufeng movement, he was responsible for the command of the former enemy and opened up the way forward. "
On the recommendation of He Long, Ou Baichuan went out to serve as a member of the Political Committee of the Southwest Military Region, the vice governor of Guizhou, and the chairman of the Guizhou Ethnic Affairs Committee to start a new life after the new China.
Ou Beichuan is the gunner of Nanchang Shouyi 1 gun and a member of the early revolutionary school. Why didn't he get the rank at the conferring ceremony? What did he go through?
1894 In August, Ou Baichuan was born in a Miao family named Ou at the foot of La 'er Mountain in Songtao County, Guizhou Province. His parents named him Xue Hai and Fang Ting, hoping that he would have profound knowledge or make a difference.
Although he was born in a peasant family, his parents gave him great support. He was sent to a private school to study, study the Four Books and Five Classics, and practice poetry.
19 12 years, his mother sold all her possessions to raise money, and let him walk to Guiyang 10 for more than 0 days to take the entrance examination of Guiyang model middle school. He didn't live up to his mother's expectations, entered school smoothly, and graduated on 19 15. Later, he went back to his hometown and set up a library to teach and pass on what he learned to other Miao children.
19 18, Guizhou began to set up a police training center. The squires in Songtao County sent him to the training center to learn military, legal and political knowledge. Two years later, he returned to Songtao after graduation and served as the captain of the public security police.
Six months later, Yan Bohai, a Songtao man, set up a guerrilla headquarters in northeast Guizhou and stationed troops along the Yinjiang, Sinan and Yanhe rivers. At the warm invitation of Yan Bohai, Ou Baichuan resigned from his original post and joined Yan Bohai's army as a quartermaster.
After Yan Bohai's troops were incorporated into Xie Peisheng's department of the 2nd Brigade of Guizhou Army 1 Division, Ou Baichuan became the battalion commander of the 2nd Brigade, and later served as the head.
1in the summer of 924, Ou Baichuan, who was stationed in zhenyuan county, eastern Guizhou, and became the head of his regiment, heard of He Long's fame. Introduced by He Long's adjutant and Zhenyuan's fellow villager Qin Guangyuan, he took the whole regiment to Tongren, He Long, and became the head of the second independent regiment of the first division of Sichuan Army, the founding coalition of He Long.
Since then, he changed his name to "Ou Baichuan", which has been used ever since. After joining He Long Department, He Long became intimate friends with him and established close revolutionary friendship in the subsequent revolutionary struggle.
1In the summer of 926, the Northern Expedition broke out and the Ninth Army of the People's Revolutionary Army was established in Guizhou. Guizhou Governor Peng served as the commander, under the jurisdiction of He Long Department of the First Division of the Ninth Army, and Ou Baichuan was adapted as the head.
The Ninth Army soon received the Northern Expedition. He Long's troops marched from Qiandong to Hunan, and met the troops dispatched by Beiyang warlord Zhao Hengti in Maoxi, Taoyuan County. The newly formed army was extremely brave and soon won a great victory in the battle and seized many guns and ammunition.
The Ninth Army continued northward and joined forces with Lu Jinshan, the warlord Wu, at Douhudi, Gongan County, Hubei Province, and was blocked. The two armies fought fiercely for two days, and the Northern Expeditionary Army was defeated.
Most of the troops led by Ou Baichuan are Miao people, and they are brave in fighting. Faced with such a critical situation, he personally took the lead in charging shirtless and defeated Lu Jinshan Division with weak strength, thus turning the tide.
After the battle, He Long took off his clothes and put them on him himself. He was very excited and said, "A hundred rivers, with you, I won't retreat!" "
1927 Spring, Helong Department was transferred to Wuhan, reorganized into National Revolutionary Army 15 Independent Division, and the Ninth Army was dissolved.
However, Ou Baichuan followed He Long and became a head of the Independent 15 Division. Soon after, the 15 Independent Division was transferred to the north of Pinghan Railway, belonging to the Zhang Fakui Department of the Fourth Army.
On April 12 of that year, Chiang Kai-shek launched the "April 12th" massacre, in which a large number of members of * * * were killed, which directly split the cooperation between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party.
He Long returned to Wuhan with the 15 Division under the command of the Revolutionary Military Commission of Wuhan Government, and was appointed as the commander of the 20th Army. Ou Baichuan became the deputy commander and head of the 20th Army 1 Division.
That autumn, He Long prepared to take 20 troops to participate in the "August 1st Nanchang Uprising", and Ou Baichuan followed closely behind He Long and became a member of the uprising troops.
1, 1, On the night of August, 1997, Nanchang City was quiet and dignified, and there was a feeling that something was coming.
In the early hours of the morning, Mr. Xu, who lived in an attic near the East Lake in Nanchang, was the editor-in-chief of Jiangxi Republic Daily and Red Weekly, and his face was extremely serious. He pricked up his ears to listen to the movement of Nanchang city.
He is not waiting for anyone, but waiting for the arrival of the "first shot" of "light", and a new era will come with this shot piercing the sky.
On July 27th, five days ago, Zhou Enlai arrived in Nanchang secretly. According to the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China's decision, he, Li, Yun and Peng Pai jointly formed the front committee (referred to as the former enemy committee of the Communist Party of China), and he was elected as the secretary.
Several people jointly planned and agreed to hold the Nanchang Uprising on the evening of July 30, 927, and fired a 1 gun against the reactionary government.
On July 28th, Zhou Enlai met He Long at the 20th Army Command and appointed He Long as the commander-in-chief of the Rebel Army.
In fact, the strength of the insurgents is still relatively weak, and they cannot directly confront the Kuomintang troops. Therefore, in the name of the Central Executive Committee of the Kuomintang, only the 20th Army of He Long, the 3rd Army Officer Training Corps of Zhu De, the 1st 1 1 Army Division, 24th Division and the 25th Division of the 4th Army, with a total number of more than 20,000.
On July 29, all the work was in full swing, and many people who took part in the uprising put their minds on their throats. Zhang, who has been a member of the Standing Committee of the Provisional Political Bureau of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, suddenly sent two telegrams to Jiujiang in the name of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, saying that "it is advisable to act cautiously and make a decision after its arrival".
On July 30th, Zhang arrived in Nanchang and conveyed the instructions made by the representative of the Communist International, saying that the uprising should be approved by Zhang Fakui and acted in concert, otherwise it would be "immobile".
This opinion was unanimously opposed and refuted by Li, Peng Pai and Hui, especially the secretary of the front committee. More than 20 years later, he talked about striking the table. He said it was the only time in his life.
On the morning of July 3 1, an emergency meeting of the Front Committee was held under the auspices of Zhou Enlai, and the participants discussed for several hours without results. It was not until they learned that Zhang Fakui had attended the Lushan Anti-Communist Conference that Zhang Cai made a final compromise. The meeting finally decided that the date of the uprising was 1 the early morning of August 4,.
On July 3/Kloc-0, at about 5 pm, the Front Committee held a meeting of cadres at or above the regimental level, and decided that the slogan of the army uprising was "unification of rivers and mountains" and the action signal was "three shots".
At 9 o'clock that night, the traitor Zhao (then deputy battalion commander of 3rd Battalion of 20th Army 1 Division 1 Regiment) sneaked out of the army and leaked the decision made by the Front Committee to the enemy headquarters.
However, Zhao's action was seen by a soldier on duty in the 20th Army 1 Division. He quickly informed He Long of the news, and He Long told the front committee. Comprehensive analysis shows that the Front Committee did not give up the uprising, but adjusted the uprising time from/kloc-0 to 2: 00 on August 4th.
At about 0: 00 in the morning, the whole Nanchang city was unusually calm, and a small group of people sneaked into the street in the night, intending to escape from the city.
However, they were caught by Ou Baichuan, and only heard Ou Baichuan bang in the dark: "Password!" I saw a group of people frightened, unable to reply, and timidly slipped back to the provincial government compound.
They don't know that the uprising troops have their own special signs, red ties and white towels around their necks, red cross signs on lanterns and flashlights, and more importantly, passwords that only insiders know.
Ou Baichuan asked the other party's password again, but he couldn't answer it. He immediately fired a warning shot and fired three shots in succession. The signal discussed with the front Committee troops was consistent, 1 gun.
In the quiet night sky, the long-awaited uprising army fired a cannon and launched a fire attack on the planned strategic points.
The uprising was first carried out under the leadership of Ou Baichuan Department. After a night of fierce fighting, more than 3,000 enemy troops were annihilated and Nanchang City was successfully controlled. Red flags fluttered on the building of the rebel commander-in-chief.
During the Nanchang Uprising, Ou Baichuan troops surrounded the remaining troops of the Third Army and the guidance group of the Ninth Army in Nanchang, which was highly praised and was appointed as the commander-in-chief of the former enemy.
Nanchang is not a place to stay for long, and the troops will soon go south. Ou Baichuan defeated Qian Dajun's army in Guangchang and successfully arrived in Ruijin. Soon, the insurgents arrived in Dongjiang and entered Chaozhou via Tai Po.
At that time, the insurgents took the route of attacking big cities proposed by the Communist International, and the 20 th Army and the 21 ST Army jointly attacked Jieyang and Tangkeng, all of which ended in failure. Ou Baichuan and He Long are separated.
Ou Baichuan arrived in Hailufeng alone with more than 3,000 disabled soldiers following the 2 1 Army, but suffered an unprecedented defeat. Chen, the fourth Kuomintang army, surrounded them, and the insurgents quickly ran out of ammunition and most of them were captured.
Chiang Kai-shek did not embarrass them and ordered Chen to take them to Shantou to adapt. Ou Baichuan fled from Shantou and went to Shanghai to find He Long by boat, but there was no result.
/kloc-in the summer of 0/928, it was learned that Luo Qijiang, a fellow countryman of Songtao, was appointed as the independent division commander of Xinyang National Army in Henan Province, and Ou Baichuan went to defect alone and was appointed as the chief of staff by Luo Qijiang. Later, the Red Army led by He Long established base areas in Sangzhi, Dayong and Hefeng counties, and Luo Qijiang was ordered to "encirclement and suppression".
In this regard, Ou Baichuan tried his best to stop it, thinking that "* * * is a new political party, and its armed forces are tilted revolutionary forces, which should not be underestimated". More importantly, he stressed that he was a subordinate of He Long and a close friend of He Long, so the intersection of the two armies was bound to be bad, which also hurt the feelings between him and He Long. In this way, Luo Qijiang's army carried out a formal "encirclement and suppression" and the Kuomintang and the Communist Party lived in peace.
/kloc-in the autumn of 0/930, Luo Qijiang was ordered again and was sent to Yicheng, Jingshan, Zhongxiang and Zaoyang to "encircle" the Duan Dechang Red Guards. Ou Baichuan refused to join the army and was transferred to Mao Guangxiang, then commander of the 25th Kuomintang Army and chairman of the Guizhou provincial government.
That winter, Luo Qijiang's troops arrived in Sui County, and Ou Baichuan was transferred back.
At that time, Nie Yuankui in Sui County bullied the city and colluded with Ma Xiyou, a bandit in Henan Province, which caused great hidden dangers to the social security on the border between Hubei and Henan. Luo Qijiang made great efforts to arrest Nie, but he was handed over to Ou Baichuan.
After receiving the relevant news, Nie's relatives immediately invested heavily in pleading with Ou Baichuan, who sternly refused, saying, "If evil is not removed, is it safe?" Win the praise of local people.
1934, Luo Qijiang moved to Taoyuan, Changde and other areas in Hunan Province to "encircle" the He Long Red Army Corps.
Thirdly, Ou Baichuan tried his best to dissuade him. He also did some obstruction, got Luo Qijiang's acquiescence, and the "encirclement and suppression work" was also perfunctory. Soon, Ou Baichuan left the army and entered the higher education class of Nanjing Kuomintang Military Academy. After graduation, he returned to Luo Qijiang.
1937, Japan launched a full-scale war of aggression against China, and North China and Shandong successively fell. Shanghai became the target of Japanese attack except the concession, and a vigorous battle broke out between Shanghai and Shanghai, with "800 soldiers" rejecting the enemy.
Soon Luo Qijiang was asked to go to Shanghai to support the Anti-Japanese War. During this period, Ou Beichuan voluntarily resigned as the chief of staff and served as the head of the 702 nd regiment of the 82 nd Division directly dispatched by Luo Qijiang.
Wuxi Hekou, Dachang, Luodian, Fushan Town, etc. All the troops passing by met the Japanese army and suffered a very intensive blow. In order to defeat them, the Japanese army dispatched three armed forces to cooperate in the battle, and the artillery fire and bullets never stopped.
Ou Baichuan is still brave and fearless, fighting the enemy with extremely inferior equipment.
1940, after the 82nd Division participated in the Changsha Battle 1 time, Ou Baichuan was promoted to division commander and participated in the second Changsha Battle in the autumn of 194 1 year. The army he led acted quickly, which dealt a great blow to the enemy and was highly praised by his superiors.
However, Chen Cheng, as a direct branch of the Central Army, has long resented Guizhou ethnic groups, especially the 82nd Division of the non-Chiang directly affiliated troops with Miao nationality, and tried his best to crowd out and annex them.
After seeing through Chen Cheng's plot, Ou Baichuan prepared to rebel in Changde and annex the Central Army. If the uprising failed, he directly returned to the Hunan-Guizhou-Hubei border region to continue the struggle.
To this end, he told He Long the news in secret through Qin Guangyuan, the second division commander under He Long, hoping to get further instructions from He Long.
He Long personally wrote a letter for him, thinking that the Anti-Japanese War was the overall situation at that time and should be carefully considered. But before the letter was sent to Oubeichuan, he launched the "Prince Temple mutiny" in Changde in the spring of 1942, exposed Chen Cheng's purpose to Chiang Kai-shek, and vowed to take part in the work.
At that time, it was in the lasting stage of War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, and the residents of the whole country were extremely hard. The mutiny at Prince's Temple reflected the confrontation between the Central Army and the miscellaneous army, exposed the internal contradictions of our army and shook the whole country.
He, also a native of Guizhou, served as the chief of general staff and minister of military and political affairs, expressed sympathy for Ou Baichuan and tried his best to interfere. Chen Cheng knew that he was indefensible and went to Changde to meet Ou Baichuan personally, but he was directly rejected.
Finally, He's nephew, He Shaozhou, took over the 82nd Division, and the incident subsided.
What Ou Baichuan didn't expect was that in the Prince Temple incident, his family lived in Xiushan County, Sichuan Province, was persecuted by the Kuomintang, and his wife and young children were killed. Only his eight-year-old son was protected by the local people, but later he died because of falling from a building, which made him miserable.
Without power in his hand, he can only choose to submit to humiliation. In order to ease the contradiction with other senior Kuomintang officials, he took the initiative to study at the Kuomintang Army University.
1946 In the summer, after graduating from college, Chen Cheng asked his cronies to give him a hint of promising high officials and generous salaries, but he refused directly, and then returned to Xiushan County, Sichuan Province to live in seclusion and become an ordinary farmer.
In fact, at that time, Ou Baichuan had realized that the civil war was about to break out. He didn't want to see China killing each other and China fighting for it, so he chose to retire.
Nevertheless, the Kuomintang did not let him go. /kloc-in the summer of 0/949, Chiang Kai-shek sent his close friend Li Mi to form troops in eastern Sichuan, and wanted to ask him to be the deputy commander of the sixth formation, but he was politely refused.
In the winter of the same year, Xiushan County was liberated, and Ou Baichuan took the initiative to preside over the work of Xiushan Qian Zhi Committee, organized grain and grass, and supported the southwest liberation.
At the same time, he also participated in the consultation meeting of people's representatives from all walks of life in Xiushan County, served as deputy director, safeguarded the new government and helped maintain social order, and incorporated the local police force.
From 65438 to 0950, under the recommendation of He Long, he served as the deputy director of the Ethnic Affairs Committee of Guizhou Province and the vice chairman of Guizhou Province, and held several important positions since then.
1967, the mobs clung to Marshal He Long, and they also sent a "He Long task force" to Guiyang to investigate and let Ou Baichuan "expose Marshal He Long's crimes".
During the investigation, they also accused him of counter-revolution, rebel revolution, Rightists and "attempting to establish a fifth Miao autonomous region", which he firmly denied, and at the same time denied that Marshal He Long was guilty and "rebel revolution".
The relevant personnel of the investigation team became angry from embarrassment, which indirectly threatened the future of his children, but he remained indomitable and persisted in his original intention and conscience. In the following years, he concentrated on "learning" with other "Rightists" and "sinners". Under high-intensity stress, you will soon suffer from arthritis, asthma, bronchitis and high blood pressure.
However, the thugs didn't let him go. 1968 was sent to May 7th Cadre School in Meitan County, Zunyi for so-called "labor reform", and his health went from bad to worse.
After the Ninth National Congress of the Communist Party of China, he was transferred to a small room under house arrest in the independent division of the provincial military region, and was repeatedly transported to the hospital for treatment because of his serious illness. 1September, 970, he lived for 76 years with grievances.
His children were indeed affected, and they did not get rid of the fate of being implicated because of his "reeducation through labor", house arrest and death.
Ou Ya, the eldest son, graduated from Minzu University of China in his early years and worked in a national pictorial. But he was implicated because he was defined as "He Long Guizhou Black Army".
First, he was sent back to work in Guizhou People's Broadcasting Station, and then he continued to work in remote rural areas of jiangkou county and Bijie Farm. He is just a grassroots cadre who will never be promoted in his life.
Ou Yayi's wife graduated from guizhou minzu university and Minzu University of China successively, but she was just an ordinary worker all her life. Their eldest daughter, a worker, did a good job, but because of the influence of her grandfather Ou Baichuan, she was neither recommended to go to college nor rejected in many applications for joining the party, and later retired from ordinary civil servants.
Ou Baichuan's youngest son is very lucky. After being rehabilitated, he was admitted to the Central University for Nationalities. In fact, the college entrance examination was resumed at that time, and promoting the system of going to college became a secondary path for further study. Being admitted to Minzu University of China is entirely based on personal strength.
After the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee, the rehabilitation of unjust, false and misjudged cases was carried out throughout the country. Ou Baichuan's family, colleagues and former subordinates kept petitioning for redress.
Among many voices, his eldest son Ou Yayi is the most determined. 1979 1 month, he wrote a letter to the United Front Work Department of Guizhou Provincial Committee of the Communist Party of China, stating Ou Baichuan's life experience, and at the same time showing that he was completely framed to admit crimes such as "five provinces autonomy".
Ou Baichuan naively thought that as long as he promised what the investigation team promised, there would be no serious consequences, but he was successfully labeled as a "rightist".
1March, 979, with the approval of Guizhou Provincial Committee of the Communist Party of China, the charges against him were dropped; In May, a memorial service was held for him in Guiyang, which officially announced his rehabilitation and fully affirmed his contribution to the uprising and the war of resistance against Japan.
It is the biggest discussion point of Ou Baichuan's life to have the opportunity to contact He Long but not to look for the Red Army. Some people think that he betrayed the revolution, while others think that he "betrayed the revolution". In fact, otherwise, if this is the case, then he can't make both the Kuomintang and the Communist Party exercise restraint when he is in contact with He Longjun, and there will be no conflict for a long time. Therefore, he remained loyal to the China Revolution.
After holding relevant positions in Guizhou, he devoted the rest of his life to the development of education and health, which was highly praised by the party and people. Under his strong appeal, Guizhou Institute for Nationalities (now renamed guizhou minzu university) was established, which has trained many minority talents.
It was under his leadership that the Miao and Buyi languages were created in the new China period, which ended the long-term phenomenon that there was no language or language inconsistency between the two peoples. Many ethnic autonomous counties, autonomous prefectures and autonomous townships have been established in areas where conditions permit.
But this has become an excuse for others to beat him and think that he wants to "attempt to establish five Miao autonomous regions." As early as 1950, Mr. Fei Xiaotong, a famous ethnologist and sociologist, mentioned the idea of establishing the Miao autonomous region, so he was not the founder of this idea.
195 1 Became the vice president of Guizhou Sino-Soviet Friendship Association. Ou Baichuan focused on world peace and made contributions to the cause of peace. In short, he made contributions to the country, the revolution, Guizhou and the nation.