1. Railways have promoted the development of industry and mining. Before the appearance of railways, China's modern industrial and mining products were mainly transported by mules, horses, cars or water. The transportation volume was limited and the transportation cost was relatively high, which made many mineral resources unable to be developed and utilized. The appearance of railways greatly improved the transportation conditions in modern China, promoted the development of resources, and promoted the development of social industry and mining in modern China.

2. Railways have promoted the development of trade. The development of railway connects isolated local markets into a unified big market, which promotes the prosperity of trade. Before the railway was built, waterway was the main transportation route in Northeast China, and Liaohe River and Songhua River were the main transportation routes. The export volume of soybeans and bean products produced in Northeast China is very small, and the output value of 1890 is 372,000 silver.

With the railway, the total export value of agricultural products in Northeast China has increased year after year, reaching 65438+5472654.38+091366900200. In addition, in 1905, Han Jing Railway was opened to traffic. The Jing-Han Railway closely connects Hankou with Henan, making Hankou's trade develop to the second place in the country.

3. Railways have promoted the rise of towns. After the Opium War, China coastal areas were forced to open a number of trading ports and ports. Due to convenient land and water transportation conditions, superior geographical location and external factors, these port cities have developed rapidly. However, compared with these port cities, the inland and remote areas of China have not been properly developed due to the limitations of traffic conditions and geographical location.

The construction of the railway has promoted the development of inland and remote areas in China, strengthened the connection between inland and port cities, and promoted the flow of population. With the help of railway transportation, the rural population gradually flows to cities, which makes the urban population gradually increase. The opening of the railway has strengthened the connection and communication between urban and rural areas, promoted the circulation of commodities and the prosperity of commercial trade, and provided the necessary conditions for the rise and development of cities and towns.

The Development Period of China Railway

Information and knowledge about railways began to be introduced into China around the Opium War. At that time, Lin Zexu, Wei Yuan, Xu Jishe and other patriotic people of insight in China wrote books and introduced railway knowledge.

1876, the first railway appeared on the land of China, which was the Wusong Railway built by the British capital group by deception. After more than a year of operation, the railway was redeemed and demolished by the Qing government.

The first self-built railway in China-Jing-Zhang Railway (now beijing-baotou railway). Zhan Tianyou used to be the chief engineer of railway construction, and later served as the general manager of Beijing-Zhangjiakou Railway Bureau.