Observation instruments include louver boxes, psychrometers, various thermometers, rain gauges (with measuring cups), evaporating dishes, heliometers, wind direction anemometers, etc. The instruments may not be installed, but they can be determined as needed. The instrument should be set in the south of the east-west path. The high-pitched instruments are placed in the north, and the low-pitched instruments are placed in the south, in order.

It mainly includes direct measurement and remote sensing detection: the former converts the directly sensed physical and chemical characteristics of the atmosphere into mechanical, electromagnetic or other physical quantities through various types of sensing elements, such as barometer, thermometer and hygrometer.

The latter is to receive atmospheric signals or reflected signals at different distances, from which we can infer the spatial distribution of atmospheric physical and chemical characteristics, such as weather radar, acoustic radar, laser weather radar, infrared radiometer and so on.

Extended data

Meteorological observation records and meteorological information compiled on this basis not only provide daily data for weather forecasting, but also process them into climatic data after long-term accumulation and statistics, providing important data for planning, design and research in agriculture, forestry, industry, transportation, military affairs, hydrology, medical care and environmental protection.

The disastrous weather monitoring network, which is composed of atmospheric remote sensing detection and high-speed communication transmission technology, has been able to directly issue early warnings of severe weather such as tornadoes, strong storms and typhoons to users in a very timely manner. The development of atmospheric detection technology provides conditions for reducing or avoiding losses caused by natural disasters.

Baidu encyclopedia-meteorological observation

Baidu encyclopedia-weather observation