Jin Shengtan is like Jin Shengtan (1608- 16 1), whose name is adopted, and his name is Shengtan after his death. Say your last name.
Zhang, first name. Suzhou Wuxian people. At the age of 54. Writers and literary critics in the early Qing Dynasty.
all one's life
Jin Shengtan lived an easy life in his childhood, but his parents died young and his family came down. He is wild and unrestrained, and is good at writing and poetry. He was dismissed in the annual exam because of his strange composition, and later took the subject one exam. He changed his name to the first place in the Jin people's examination, but he was determined to win and took pleasure in reading and writing. Comments are classic, and so are wizards.
In the seventeenth year of Shunzhi 1660, Wuxian County of Suzhou Prefecture was appointed as the new county magistrate, and severely punished those who owed taxes and stole public grain privately. In the eighteenth year of Shunzhi, Suzhou set up a mourning hall, and three days later, the ministers. On the third day, 100 many scholars went to the Confucius Temple to cry, and then they reported the county magistrate to Governor Zhu Guozhi. Who knows that Zhu Ren and his wife colluded and arrested 18 scholar. The court did the opposite, suing scholars for refusing to pay soldiers, ringing bells and drums, gathering people to start chaos, shocking the spirit of the former emperor and demanding severe punishment. Later autumn chop (Shunzhi 18- July 13) [16 1], given land-Jiangning-Sanshan Street, one of which is Jin Shengtan. 【 Ren was beheaded for another crime soon, and Zhu Guozhi was killed by Wu Sangui soldiers, and his meat was divided. God has eyes.
Jin Shengtan reads widely and likes to talk about the Book of Changes and Buddhism. He often uses Buddhism to explain Confucianism and Taoism, and his thesis is attached to Zen. There are many comments on ancient books. Zhuangzi, Li Sao, Historical Records, Du Shi, Water Margin and The West Chamber are called "Books of Six Tales". It was originally planned to annotate them one by one, but only the last two books were completed, and Du Shijie died before finishing them. According to Jinchang, his works include "The Fifth Talented Book, the Sixth Talented Book, the Talented Book of Tang Dynasty, the Required Talented Book, Du Shi Jie, Zuo and Gu Zhuan Jie (twenty), Shi (seven) and Mencius." Singing Books in the Classroom includes Fahua Bai Wen, Xicheng Customs Record, Fahua Samadhi, Baojing Samadhi, Sanconsciously Samadhi, Zhouyi Quanchao, Thirty-four Gua Quanchao, Nanhua Jingchao, Tongzongyi Lun, Quotations Compilation and Quotations. Most of them are unfinished drafts, or only fragments or all of them are lost. Some of his works have been included in the library of talented people in Singing Classroom.
Major achievements
literary criticism
Jin Shengtan's main achievement lies in literary criticism. His comments attach great importance to the exposition of ideological content and often use the topic to discuss political affairs. His outlook on society and life is vivid. He rebuked "making an offence and making an insurrection", interpreted the name of Water Margin as "the worst, the worst, different from China" and opposed "serving the country with loyalty"; However, he sympathized with the people's livelihood and hated the officials of fishermen and thieves. He realized that under the "One Gao Qiu", there were "Gao Bailian", "Yin Qian's brother" and their foxes, forming a social force that brought disaster to the country and the people. 108 people's "forced entry into Shui Bo" is "disorderly self-improvement", thus affirming the resistance of Liangshan heroes. He believes that "living in his country, not secretly discussing the gains and losses of his doctors, and evil governance", "writing without saints, writing without emperors, writing without emperors, breaking their governance, breaking their governance, is also a discussion"; However, he admits that if there is no road in the world, Shu Ren dares to discuss it, and "the discussion in Shu Ren is history". He preached Confucian moral norms such as "loyalty and forgiveness" and "filial piety"; However, it also exposed the destruction of ethics on human nature, praised the rebellious behavior of Cui Yingying and Zhang Sheng, mocked The West Chamber in Winter as an obscene book, and pushed it as a "strange story of heaven and earth". He accepted the nihilistic thought of Buddhism and regarded life as a dream, the so-called "dream of heaven and earth" and "dream of all beings"; However, he faced up to the reality and was diligent in description, thinking that "life and death are rapid, life is impermanent, and wealth is hard to find." If you are good at what I want, how can you live without writing a book? " It can be seen that Jin Shengtan's thought is full of contradictions. The beauty of Jin Shengtan's literary criticism lies in the artistic analysis of his works. His comments on poetry and prose are quite common, such as dividing metrical poetry into two solutions and applying eight-part essay to poetry, which is quite criticized. His artistic opinions in commenting on The Water Margin and The West Chamber are unique, and after Li Zhi and Ye Zhou, he pushed the criticism of novels and operas to a new height. He claimed that storytelling "takes its literary heart directly" and "sketches its characteristics and stretches its spiritual logic", in fact, it is aimed at exploring the law of creation, which is quite unique in this respect. He put the characterization in the first place, pointing out that the insatiable greed in Water Margin "is nothing more than writing all 180 personalities to him". The key to successfully shaping the character is to grasp the unique personality of the character. "People have their temperament, people have their temperament, people have their shapes, and people have their voices." Even the same type of personality, but also to show similarities and differences. His comments also involve that the description of a character should be multifaceted and complicated, and should show unity and consistency. For example, he thinks that in the Water Margin, Lu Da first wrote that he lived by drinking, and then wrote that Lu Da didn't drink. "However, there is no one who is not Lu Da"; Writing Li Kui jy Park Chi is tricky. "The more cunning you are when writing Li Kui jy, the simpler you will be.". It also involves the personalization of characters' language. "If a person is the same, he will say the same thing." . Among many figures, we should highlight the main one, such as "The West Chamber was written by only three people: one was a double story, the other was Zhang Sheng, and the other was a matchmaker", and "If we make a careful calculation, the West Chamber was written by only one person. One person, double text. " In fact, his so-called "opening to the world" is related to shaping a vivid personality, which depends on calm and meticulous observation and experience in other people's shoes, that is, "being tempted" and "appearing". He also attaches great importance to the plot and structure: he thinks that the plot should be unexpected, with "strange brushwork" and "Yue Long crouching", but it should be reasonable and reasonable, "writing something extremely shocking, but using extremely approachable brushwork"; It also emphasizes structural integrity. "A book is just an article", the author must have the overall situation in mind. Therefore, paying attention to "connection", "lock" and "separation" and asking for "moon corridor" are inevitably second. His so-called "seeing with eyes and grasping with hands" is similar to the emphasis on creative inspiration; However, he also emphasized "Fa", saying that "scribbling can't make a dog howl", and summarized various expressive techniques, such as "taking a roll". In a word, Jin Shengtan put forward a systematic theory of novel and drama creation.
At the same time of commenting, Jin Shengtan also revised the original work, and made an overall deletion in addition to the text. He decided that the last fifty chapters of Water Margin were Luo Guanzhong's "adding a dog's tail", so he cut them off, claiming that "Guanhuatang Ancient Edition" had no sequel and forged Shi Naian's preface. This biography has become 70 books. He also asserted that the fifth book of The West Chamber was not written by Wang Shifu, but also an "evil book", so he cut it out and finally wrote it as "a dream".
Jin Shengtan can also write poems, and there is a book "Selected Poems of Thinking Tower" passed down from generation to generation. There is Jiangsu Ancient Books Publishing House today.
Complete works of Jin Shengtan (September 1985). Jin Shengtan also commented on books such as Mandarin, National Policy and Zuo Zhuan. His comments pay attention to the elucidation of ideological content, and often make use of the topic to discuss politics, which can be seen from his social outlook and outlook on life. He put forward a systematic theory of novel and drama creation, and his literary theory and critical achievements made a special contribution to the development history of China's literary theory criticism. First of all, he expounded some laws of narrative literature creation, such as novels and plays, which are different from poetry and prose writing. He emphasized that novels should be "accomplished by writing", not fabricated at will, and should follow the logic of life. At the same time, it puts forward the viewpoints and methods of literary theory criticism centered on portraying characters. Secondly, it provides a kind of literary criticism with the character analysis and characterization as the core. Thirdly, he also summed up brand-new creative methods and critical methods, such as backward insertion, narration, grass snake gray line, cotton needle and mud needle, teasing, otter tail and so on. Jin Shengtan has a collection of poems, Selected Poems of Sita. The tomb is located in Doctor Dock under Wufeng Mountain in Wuzhong District, Suzhou, a cultural relic protection unit in Jiangsu Province.
Character correlation
Jin Shengtan inscribed couplets
Old fist fight Ancient Road;
The children gnawed at the new book.
-Jin Shengtan from the topic
Lotus seeds are bitter in heart;
Pears are sour in the abdomen.
-Jin Shengtan's "Dying Things"
Master Jin Shengtan is humorous in writing and speech. He was humorous all his life, even when he was dying. The master was in prison and was about to be beheaded. He called the jailer and said, "I have something important to tell you." The jailer thought that his master would reveal the secrets of treasures handed down from ancient times or earth-shattering events and serve him with pen and ink. But I didn't expect the master's "dying thing" to be humorous. Jin Shengtan pointed to the food given by the jailer and said, "Peanuts and dried beancurd are chewed together and taste like walnuts. If you get this skill, you will die without regret! " This is also the last sentence recorded by the master.
The knife began to fall, and two paper balls rolled out of Jin Shengtan's ears. The executioner opened it doubtfully: one is the word "goodness" and the other is the word "pain".
-Jin Shengtan bid farewell to the execution ground
Jin Shengtan was sentenced to death by the court because he offended the emperor and was involved in the case of "Crying Temple against Grain". On the day of the execution, it was bleak and solemn, and a small graveyard in Fiona Fang was surrounded by swords and shadows, which seemed eerie. Jin Shengtan, a literary critic who despised the imperial court, stood alone in the prison car with his chest as thin as a snake and shackles. On the execution ground, the executioner held a ghost knife, and the cold light shone, which was creepy and chilling. Seeing that the execution time is coming, Jin Shengtan's two sons, Li and Lian Zi (nickname), are even more sad when they look at their loving father who is about to leave forever, and they burst into tears. Although Jin Shengtan was sad, he took his time and thought faster. To comfort his son, he said calmly, "What's the use of crying? Come on, I'll write you a couplet. "So he sang the first couplet. My son knelt on the ground and cried his throat dry, and his intestines were about to crack, so he couldn't bear to write couplets. He thought for a moment and said, "get up, don't cry, I'll make you a couplet." Then read the next couplet. The audience was very moved and sad. The word "Lian" and "Xi" in the first pair of couplets are homophonic, indicating that I am deeply sorry to see my son's grief; The homonym of "pear" and "Li" in the second couplet means that I am about to leave my son, and my heart is bitter. This pair of farewell to life and death, superb, meticulous, punning, rigorous confrontation, can be described as superb, shocking. I saw a flash of cold light, accompanied by this earth-shattering, weeping eternal swan song, a generation of talented people and literary superstars fell prematurely.
Rain enters the flower heart and becomes a whole;
The water returned to the boat, and each of them appeared in Fiona Fang.
-Jin Shengtan from the topic
The first couplet comes from two sentences in Du Fu's Northern Expedition. Du Fu's poem originally meant that rain and dew are together, but the fruit is sweet and bitter. "Rain entering the flower heart is bitter" means that the change of the flower itself is also the result of the infiltration of rain and dew into the flower heart. The first part shows the qualitative change of water, and the second part emphasizes the deformation of water, that is, putting it into containers with different shapes, which are square and round. This couplet is a common natural phenomenon, but it inspires people in many aspects, such as how people should deal with external influences, how to grasp their own efforts and so on. Therefore, we should read carefully and study deeply.
Jin Shengtan wrote an inscription.
Running water today;
The predecessor of the bright moon.
-Jin Shengtan inscribed Buddhist scriptures
Singing Taibai poems through the ages;
Dajiangdong went to the undergraduate course.
-Jin Shengtan's research
There are few real scholars in the world;
There have been many disappointments since ancient times.
-Jin Shengtan feels the status quo
A civil servant with a small face;
Treacherous court official in three dynasties.
-uncle Qian's
Jin Shengtan's uncle Qian is a sly old fox and cynical person. He was originally the minister of rites under Ming Chongzhen, and later Li Zicheng went to Beijing. He turned to Ma Shiying, a traitor from Nanming. Seeing that Nan Ming was about to fall, the Qing soldiers went south. He changed his face, knelt down and surrendered, and became an assistant minister of the Qing Dynasty. On this day, assistant minister Qian celebrated his birthday, and Jin Shengtan went to celebrate his birthday. At the banquet, the two shook their heads and congratulated each other. Unique Jin Shengtan with a straight face, supercilious and silent. After three rounds of drinking, a guest who made a fortune came to kiss up to him. He said, "Mr. Qian, your nephew, Mr. Jin Xianggong, is a talent from the south of the Yangtze River. Today's event is just to buy a wine paper and open your eyes. " At that time, it received rave reviews, but Jin Shengtan did not refuse. He stood up and smiled faintly. "It's very kind of you to refuse, so I have to make a fool of myself. Just mention a couplet! " I saw Jin Shengtan holding a bucket pen full of thick ink and writing: "A civilian with a small face; Everyone was shocked when they saw it. Shifan's hand, which was smoothing his beard, trembled and unconsciously pulled out some beards. Thought, this boy is too arrogant! Can these seven words be scribbled? I saw that Jin Shengtan wrote four big characters unhurriedly: "Elder of the Three Dynasties ..." All the guests smiled when they saw it. Qian Shilang was afraid that Jin Shengtan would come again, and he put up his thumb: "People are lucky, real talents!" " "Who knows Jin Shengtan laughed coldly, did not hesitate, finished writing" brush brush ",threw a pen and went away. When everyone looked at it, they saw that Jin Shengtan had written fourteen words: "A civilian with a small face; Treacherous court officials in the Three Dynasties. " Qian Qian B's eyes turned white, his hands and feet were cold, and he couldn't say a word.
Taiwan Province pavilions, such as wealth, will be there when the time comes;
A well-known Arbor Day will last for a long time.
-Jin Shengtan's research
Big boy, walking around the streets, shopping from south to north;
Young old people, sitting on the couch, read from the solstice in winter to the spring and autumn in summer.
-Jin Shengtan's writing skills
There is a full moon in the sky, a half moon on the ground, and a half moon every month;
Tonight is the end of the year, the year of the Ming Dynasty, year after year.
-Jin Shengtan topic seasonal festivals
One Mid-Autumn Festival, Jin Shengtan occasionally surfed the Internet, but struggled to surf the Internet in the middle of the night. The next day, he wrote this on the online wall and meditated every day, but he couldn't do it well. It was not until New Year's Eve that the group celebrated its birthday. His wife sighed, "Tonight is the last day, and tomorrow is the beginning of the year." Hearing this, Jinsheng jumped up and said, "The bottom line is right!" Then I continued to write the bottom line on the wall.
The old man is willing to give up a few pennies, and it is enough to add a few years to the monk's sermon. Hu Weiwei, the golden couple led the sky; Ah, the jade emperor is too poor to love rich people;
That woman stole two pieces of meat. It's enough to break the rules and bring meat and punch two mouths. Why bother? Send a horse face and a cow head to hell. Ha, ha, ha, the prince values livestock over the people.
-Jin Shengtan's title stage (4 1+4 1=82 words)
Jin Shengtan's comment on the 44th couplet of Water Margin
Li Kui jy suddenly had a holiday;
Sung river is not true after all.
Song Jiang Ye Sheng is worse than death;
Li Kui jy's mother died and was born benign.
Li Kui jy met a ghost in the village with her mother;
Song Jiang takes the Lord, and the stockade sees God.
Sung river Ye Can can't bear to see a living robber;
Li Kui jy Niang can't wait to see the dead blade.
When Li Kui jy met a ghost, he saw two axes.
Song Jiang met God and received three volumes of gobbledygook.
Song Jiang met Xuan Nv, and Xuan Nv was a treacherous man.
Li Kui jy met the white rabbit, which was purely filial.
When Li Kui jy brought her mother home, she brought two real tigers.
Song Jiang brought three fake books when he returned to my grandfather.
Jin Shengtan's Response and Co-writing
Jin Shengtan's Response to Old People's Couplets
The cat squatted on the wall, the wind blew its hair, but the hair didn't move the cat; (Middle-aged)
The eagle stands in the treetops, and the moon shines, but the shadow moves the eagle. (old man)
-Appendix: How do the elderly cope with middle-aged people?
Jin Shengtan commented on many ancient masterpieces in his life, and was once called the "book of six talents" with Li Sao, Zhuangzi, Historical Records, Poems of Du Fu, Water Margin and The West Chamber. There are also two books, The Water Margin and The West Chamber, which are very original. Later, The Romance of the Three Kingdoms was called "The Best Talented Book in the World". One morning, Jin Shengtan was drinking tea in the teahouse and heard four or five people talking about lovers on the nearby table. One of the bearded elders said to a middle-aged man, "I have this couplet." Your first line is:' The cat bends over the wall and the wind blows the hair, but the hair doesn't move the cat', and my second line is:' The eagle stands on the treetop and pats the moon, and the shadow moves the eagle.' "。 Hearing this, the middle-aged man said, "You are really an old hand. I admire you! "
On the moon cake; (old man)
Chinese sugar cloud cake. (Jin Shengtan)
-Jin Shengtan responded to the old man
The bearded old man twisted his beard and said, "I'll give you a pair, too." After that, I put my finger on the moon cake: "In the first part, there will be' Shangsu moon cake', but my first part refers to food, so the second part is only allowed to be relative to food." When the bearded old man finished, everyone scratched their heads, because "going to the Soviet Union" is the homonym of "Shangshu" and it is difficult to correct it. Seeing that no one answered for a long time, Jin Shengtan was anxious and blurted out: "What's so difficult! This is not enough for China Sugar Cloud Cake. " In his second couplet, not only "Chinese sugar" is homophonic with the official name "main hall", but also cloud cakes are food, and everyone nods.
Big boy, walking around the streets, shopping from south to north; (old man)
The young old man, sitting in a recliner, reads spring and autumn from winter to Sunday to summer. (Jin Shengtan)
-Jin Shengtan responded to the old man
The bearded old man looked at Jin Shengtan. Seeing that he was handsome and had an extraordinary talk, he invited Jin Shengtan to have tea with him. Jin Shengtan didn't refuse, and sat up with the teapot. The bearded old man bowed his hands and said, "It seems that Mr. Wang is good at dialogue. I have a pair here. I want to ask this gentleman. What do you think? " Jin Shengtan said happily, "Tell me quickly and let me try." The bearded old man unhurriedly said the first couplet: "Big boy, go up and down the street, go shopping from south to north." Everyone thinks that Jin Shengtan is hard to match. Unexpectedly, Jin Shengtan bowed his head and thought for a moment and said, "Young old man, sitting in a recliner, reads Spring and Autumn Annals from winter to summer." As soon as his voice fell, he won the applause of the whole audience. The bearded old man didn't know he was the famous Jin Shengtan until he asked his name, and everyone was even more amazed.
Jin Shengtan's comprehensive couplets
2: 30 midnight; (An abbot)
Mid-Autumn Festival in August. (Jin Shengtan)
-Jin Shengtan is the abbot of Guobao Temple.
Jin Shengtan was unjustly killed in the "Crying Temple" case. Just after watching the Water Margin and The West Chamber, he went into Guobao Temple to take a nap. One night, he was addicted to calligraphy, tossing and turning in bed, unable to sleep in the middle of the night, so he put on his clothes and held a candle to see the abbot in the temple, hoping to criticize him through Buddhist scriptures. After learning of his purpose, the old abbot with golden hair and fluttering beard said slowly, "If you want to approve books, I have one condition first. If you can make couplets, I will take out the Buddhist scriptures for your approval, otherwise please forgive the old monk for losing face. " It was the middle of the night, and suddenly I heard a few bangzi sounds outside. The old abbot had a brainwave and blurted out the first part. But Jin Shengtan thought hard and racked his brains, but he couldn't get the bottom line, so he had to regret it and keep it in mind. Three years later, Kim was beheaded for the "Crying Temple Case". On the execution ground, Jin Shengtan, who had just passed the age of knowing his destiny, was fearless and poised in a crisis. He drank the wine in the prison with dignity and said, "beheading is very painful, but it is also a pleasure;" Cut your hair and drink first, have fun! " His beloved son was in agony and rushed to the execution ground in tears to bid farewell to his beloved father. When I saw my son crying tearfully, I comforted him and said, "Stop crying and tell me what day it is today?" The son choked and said, "August 15th, Mid-Autumn Festival." Hearing the word "Mid-Autumn Festival", Jin Shengtan laughed and said happily, "Yes! Got it! ..... Mid-Autumn Festival in August. " And asked his son to go to Guobao Temple immediately and tell the old abbot that he had made the bottom line. However, a generation of writers can no longer approve Buddhist scriptures. Jin Shengtan is a famous literary critic. Three years after the criticism of Water Margin and The West Chamber, they were sentenced to death by the court for offending the emperor and being involved in the crying temple case. On the execution ground, he was poised and asked the prison officer for a glass of wine. After drinking, he smiled and said, "Cut your headache." Drinking is a kind of enjoyment; Have a haircut and drink first. Have fun! "
He remembered that one night he lived in Guobao Temple, and because he couldn't sleep, he borrowed Buddhist scriptures from the abbot. The old abbot said, "I have one condition. If you can check out my couplets, I will lend you Buddhist scriptures. " It was midnight, and the old abbot casually said, "It's 2: 30 in the middle of the night." Jin Shengtan thought hard and stayed up all night, but he still didn't walk out of the bottom line and had to regret it. If you die today in the present, it may become a regret forever. At this time, his son rushed to the execution ground and wept bitterly. Jin Shengtan asked, "What day is it today?" The son replied, "August 15th, Mid-Autumn Festival!" When he heard the word Mid-Autumn Festival, he laughed and said, "Yes, yes. Mid-Autumn Festival in August. " After laughing, he told his son to go to Guobao Temple immediately and told the abbot that he had made the bottom line.
When the son came back, the execution was just around the corner, and his son was extremely sad. Jin Shengtan comforted his son and said, "It's no use crying. Come on, I'll make a couplet for you. Couplets are' lotus seeds are bitter in their hearts'. " My son is kneeling on the ground, and his courage is cracking. How can he have the mind to think about couplets? Jin Shengtan thought for a moment and said, "Get up, don't cry, I'll make you a couplet. The bottom line can be' pear belly acid'. " The spectators all sighed, homophonic for "lotus" and "pity" in the first part of the couplet, expressing their deep regret at seeing their son's sadness; The homonym of "pear" and "parting" in the second couplet means that I am very sad to say goodbye to my son forever.
It snowed early that year and began to snow before the execution. Jin Shengtan chanted a poem loudly: "Heaven grieves our land, and Wan Li is a mountain with white heads. The sun will come to mourn tomorrow, and every household will have tears. " In a flash of light, a generation of literary giants who were not afraid of powerful people fell. Only that pair of couplets and poems with deep affection for each word is left, which makes people feel relaxed and happy, ecstatic and deeply nostalgic.
Biography of Mr. Jin Shengtan by Liao Yan
Mr. Jin's surname, first name and word ruo are from Wuxian. Be charming, high-spirited and overlook everything. Good drinking, good writing and good storytelling are all discussed before. From time to time, those who have heard of giving lectures will be arranged by Mr. Li to set up a high seat in the flower viewing hall where he lives and call his disciples to give lectures. Under the name of Samadhi, the manuscript is self-contained, self-read, and the secret is not revealed to others. Every liter began to speak loudly and looked around at William. J. All subsets of classics and history, sparse notes, Buddhist and Taoist classics, unofficial history's records, and nine changes and eight savage wars are reversed and consistent, leaving no meaning. Under the seat, there were four people, and they bowed and sighed. Mr. Zhang is proud of this. Although he told the reader about it, he sighed and ignored it.
It's best to be friends with Wang Yishan in my life. The chivalrous man in Lushan paid his husband 1000 yuan every day, saying, "You have the right to give it to your son and mother (1 1), the mother is still mine, and the son will help you light the lamp." Mr. Wang agreed, and after only one month, he squandered all his money. However, he said to Dashan, "this thing is in your house, and it is also appropriate to add the name of a miser." I have already sent it to you. " Daishan laughed it off.
After Dingge (12), he refused to be an official, and changed his name to Ren Rui, whose name was Shengtan. Apart from the laughter of his friends, he just sat in the hall reading and writing. Or ask what the word "holy sigh" means? The master said, "There are two sighs in the Analects of Confucius, Yan Yuansheng and He Hesheng (13). Give it a little traffic! " Lisao, Southland, Historical Records, Du Fu's Poems, The West Chamber and The Water Margin were successively rated as "Books of Six Talents" (14). You like the hexagrams of Yi, Gan and Kun, which are as many as 100,000 words. There are many other comments (15), and the only ones that are famous all over the world are The West Chamber, The Water Margin, Tang Poetry, Companion and Miscellaneous Comments on Zen Classrooms (16).
When explaining Du Fu's poems, Mr. Chuan said that someone said from a dream, "All poems can be said, except for 19 ancient poems (17)." Mr. Wang thinks this is a warning. Later, because of drunkenness, I talked about the chapter "Grass by the Qingjiang River" and suffered a tragic disaster in a few days. When he died, he sighed, "beheading is the hardest thing. I didn't get it intentionally or unintentionally."
The books reviewed by Mr. Zhang and Mr. Xiao, such as Changzhou Mao Xushi, Xu Er 'an (18), Wujin Wu Jiansi and Xu Shu 'an, are the best books (19) and have been praised by scholars so far.
Qujiang said: reading the book evaluated by Mr. Yu is innovative and very touching (20). It has been thousands of years. Oh! How virtuous! Although it is a tragic disaster, it is not a crime, and the gentleman hurts it. And the speaker said that the article is wonderful and secret, which is the secret of heaven and earth. Once there is nothing to vent (2 1), it is not taboo for ghosts and gods, but also a disaster for Mr.! However, the finishing touch, the use of gold (22), let the world learn, understand the composition of the brush and ink method, Mr., but also Wu Can! Although the disaster was wronged for a while, it really opened the world, regardless of Ye Wei (23)! I visited Mr. Wu's former residence. I don't know where it is, because there are (24) and (25) in the poem.
(1) In the thirty-fifth year of Kangxi (1696), the author went to Suzhou to hang a golden sigh and spread it. In the biography, Jin Shengtan's life is very short, and he was killed in his "Wailing Temple Case", avoiding the important and keeping it secret, but his temperament can also be seen; The main content is to praise his profound knowledge, comment on various books, create new ideas, explain the mystery of his composition, open the eyes of later scholars, and reveal Jin Shengtan's basic contribution in the history of China's literary criticism.
② Row: Refutation.
(3) Shaman of Divine Consciousness: unpublished manuscript of Jin Shengtan. The manuscript "Selected Poems of Thinking Tower" (with the photocopy of Shanghai Ancient Books Publishing House) is attached with the Catalogue of Suicide Notes in Classrooms, among which "Three Unique Samadhi Private Banknotes" is attached.
4 William. J: described as brilliant.
⑤ Buddhist and Taoist classics: books other than Buddhist and Taoist classics and classics.
⑥ Nine Yi and Eight Barbarian Wars: refers to many ethnic minorities. Shu Mastiff: "So the Tao is in Jiuyi." The taboo of Qing Dynasty is "Yi" rather than "Yi".
⑦ Tooth and cheek: extended to talk.
It didn't leave any meaning: extremely thorough.
Pet-name ruby white: monks and customs. Sizhong: In this Buddhist language, it is called Bhikkhu, Bhikuni, Youposai and Youpoyi. Here refers to all kinds of people.
Attending Wang Yashan: Jin Shengtan mentioned him in a 20% discount comment on the third volume of The West Chamber, the sixth gifted scholar's book. He probably said that Wang Yashan was a versatile and generous aristocratic family, and he fell behind in his later years. "There may not be three rations in the bottle, but the money is still with the guests." He regards Tang Sheng as his brother, and Tang Sheng is also his brother. ".
(1 1) right mother: In ancient times, it was said that the state minted coins, with money as the mother and money as the child, and they were weighed to make them easier to pass. (See Chinese Zhou Yuxia) Later generations called interest-bearing loans "pairs", "sons" as interest and "mothers" as principal.
(12) Ding Ge: refers to the change of dynasties in Ming and Qing Dynasties.
(13) Three sentences in The Analects of Confucius: two sighs. One in The Analects of Zi Han, Yan Yuan lamented that Confucius was great and well-educated, and he was a "sighing saint"; At the first sight of the progress of The Analects of Confucius, Confucius praised his disciple Ceng Dian as a "holy sigh".
(14) Six Talented Books: According to the Catalogue of Singing Classrooms Attached to Selected Poems of Silou, the following are Nanhuajing (Zhuangzi), Lisao, Historical Records, Poems of Du Fu, Outlaws of the Marsh and The West Chamber.
(15) There are many other comments: for details, please refer to the list of books outside the chanting hall listed in Deng Shi's "Wind and Rain Building Series Guanhuatang Talented Books".
(16) Tang Poetry: The master had Selected Poems of Tang Caizi before his death. Craftsmanship: Acting as righteousness, eight-part essay. Miscellaneous comments in singing class: Doubt is an ancient text that talented people must read before the master dies.
(17) Sentence: A cursory reading of Nineteen Ancient Poems generally expresses the sadness of parting, great determination and impermanence of life, but the connotations of some concrete images in the poem are elusive and have different interpretations. Jin Shengtan called it "unspeakable", which implied some special meaning at that time, and could only be interpreted as an ominous sign.
(18) Preface to Mao Xu in Changzhou: Ming Zonggang, whose commentary Romance of the Three Kingdoms replaced various books published in the Ming Dynasty, became popular all over the world. Xu Er 'an: Ming Zeng, a native of Changzhou, Jiangsu Province, is the author of Er 'an Poems.
(19) Wujin Xu Jiansi: Jiansheng, a native of Wujin, Jiangsu Province, is the author of Du Shi Suibi, Du Shi Suibi and Historical Records (Wu Zhizhi). Xu Shuan: Unknown.
(20) Surprise: refers to outstanding opinions, beyond ordinary people's imagination.
(2 1) vent: reveal the secret and clarify.
(22) Lily: Metaphor poetry secretary method. Yuan Haowen's On Poetry Part III: "Yuanyang Embroidery. From the teaching point of view, don't give people a golden degree. " Later, the method of teaching people to write poetry was called "catching people with golden needles". Degree conferring.
(23) no, don't.
(24) hanging: hanging. Hanging Poems is included in Supplement to Liao Yan's Works edited by Lin Zixiong (published by China Shirley Institute of Taipei Academia Sinica).
(25) ellipsis: the simplicity of the line, the simplicity of the matter, that is, the approximate life.