Zhejiang Province is a big bamboo producing province, and bamboo is also one of the important advantageous agricultural products in Zhejiang. The existing bamboo forest covers an area of 800,000 hm2, with an annual output of 700,000 tons of bamboo shoots, ranking first in China. In recent years, Zhejiang bamboo industry has developed new products such as bamboo charcoal and bamboo fiber. Bamboo charcoal has broad application prospects in environmental protection, health care, medicine and high-tech fields. Bamboo vinegar obtained during the combustion of bamboo charcoal also has a good prospect in health care, beverage, deodorization and the production of high-efficiency and low-toxicity pesticides. Bamboo fiber is nontoxic, harmless and pollution-free, and its texture is soft and delicate. It has the characteristics of long fiber, hollow, antibacterial, wrinkle-resistant, easy to wash, mildew-proof, good water absorption, spinnability, dyeability and ultraviolet radiation resistance, and will become a new type of green textile raw material. The successful development of bamboo fiber can not only utilize the branches, strips and stems of Phyllostachys pubescens, but also obtain bamboo sugar, bamboo honey, polysaccharide, alkali lignin, bamboo powder and other products, which can be further developed and utilized.
However, in the production of bamboo industry, there are still some factors affecting the production and development of bamboo industry, mainly in the following aspects.
1) The management level of bamboo forest is unbalanced, the variety is relatively single, and the yield and benefit need to be improved. A considerable part of the province is still low-yield and inefficient forests, and the technical level is not high. The bamboo provided can only meet the processing capacity of12 in the whole province, and large-scale bamboo is even more insufficient.
2) unscientific management restricts the sustainable management of bamboo gardens. Improper application of chemical fertilizers, pesticides and other agricultural inputs leads to eutrophication, acidification, pesticide residues and deterioration of soil physical and chemical properties, which leads to the decline of bamboo forests and the decline of yield.
3) the market competition is not standardized, the degree of production organization is low, and the scale of production and sales is not large, which leads to poor connection and circulation of "production and processing" and increased marketing costs.
4) The deep processing of bamboo products is insufficient, and most of them are rough processed products, with low added value and high resource consumption. The brand awareness of bamboo shoot processing products is not strong, the product grade is low and the market competitiveness is not high. The quality and safety monitoring and inspection system of bamboo shoots is not perfect, and the quality and safety of products are not effectively monitored.
2. Development prospect and direction of bamboo industry
Bamboo forest resources have the advantages of integrating economic, social and ecological benefits. With the increasingly strong concept of returning to nature and the enhancement of Chinese people's awareness of green environmental protection, natural products are favored, and the prospects of bamboo furniture are limitless. Bamboo shoot products are high in fiber, low in protein, fat-free, and contain a variety of amino acids and vitamins. They are delicious and unique in flavor, and have health care, weight loss, beauty and other effects. They are known as the "first green health food" at home and abroad, and their exports are not restricted by quotas, so the demand exceeds the supply in the international market. With the development of science and technology, bamboo will be further developed, and bamboo industry has broad development prospects.
The development direction of Zhejiang bamboo industry is: first, vigorously develop bamboo base construction, improve the quantity and quality of bamboo products, and meet the processing needs; Second, pay close attention to technological transformation, upgrade product grades, expand product market space, and develop new edible products such as bamboo leaf flavonoids, bamboo beer and bamboo juice drinks. , improve the value-added rate of bamboo products; Third, it is necessary to develop bamboo processing, support leading enterprises, improve and improve the technical level of processing and packaging, and increase export to earn foreign exchange; Fourth, implement pollution-free standardized production, develop fresh-keeping processing technology, expand the market share of Shanghai, Nanjing, Hangzhou, Suzhou and other places, and further explore foreign trade channels through Shanghai; Fifth, actively develop eco-tourism, promote the development of bamboo tertiary industry and improve the overall economic benefits of bamboo industry.
3. Suggestions on the industrial layout of bamboo industry
In order to transform the advantage of regional bamboo resources into the economic advantage of regional bamboo industry and enhance the market competitiveness of bamboo industry, according to the tradition and foundation of bamboo industry development in various places, combined with the planning spirit of three industrial belts around Hangzhou Bay, Wen Tai Coast and Jinquli, the development of bamboo industry in the whole province can build three industrial belts accordingly.
1) Bamboo industrial belt around Hangzhou Bay: including Anji, Changxing, Deqing, Lin 'an and Yuhang counties (cities) in Tianmu Mountain area and Yuyao, Cixi, Yinxian, Xiangshan, Ninghai, Shaoxing, Shengzhou and Zhuji counties (cities) in Siming Mountain area. Consolidate and improve the leading position of bamboo shoots in national production, processing and trade, and at the same time strengthen the development of new bamboo health food products (fresh bamboo juice, bamboo juice drinks, bamboo juice wine, bamboo leaf flavonoids, etc.). ), stabilize and expand the ornamental bamboo market, make full use of the environment and brand of the Great Zhuhai Scenic Area, focus on bamboo eco-tourism and build a world-class bamboo industry development center.
2) Jinqu Julie Industrial Belt: It includes Qujiang, Jiangshan and Longyou in Xianxialing Mountain Area and Lishui, Suichang, Longquan and Qingyuan in Donggong Mountain Area. Further increase the scale of bamboo shoot production and processing trade, moderately develop bamboo pulp papermaking, moderately develop bamboo forest eco-tourism, consolidate and enhance the first-Mover advantage of new products with characteristics such as bamboo charcoal, bamboo vinegar and bamboo fiber, accelerate the agglomeration of industrial factors, and establish a bamboo industrial system with diversified economic structure, moderate scale and deep processing.
3) Wen Tai coastal bamboo industrial belt: mainly including Pingyang, Ruian, Cangnan and other counties (cities) in Yandang Mountain area. Give full play to the advantages of clustered bamboo resources, develop horseshoe bamboo shoots and bamboo pulp paper, strengthen the development of new products with characteristics such as bamboo fiber, and gradually increase the contribution rate of science and technology to the green bamboo industry; Strive to make breakthroughs in the preservation, storage and transportation of horseshoe bamboo shoots and the extraction of secondary compounds from clustered bamboo.