(1) is more common in 50-70 years old, with more males than females. Patients often have risk factors of cerebrovascular diseases such as hypertension, hyperglycemia and heart disease.

(2) The onset is sudden and short-lived. An attack lasts for several seconds to 24 hours, mostly 5 to 20 minutes. Frequent recurrent attacks, complete remission of symptoms within 24 hours, no neurological symptoms between the two attacks.

(3) Hemiplegia or paraplegia in one limb is common and may be accompanied by sensory disturbance in the opposite limb. Internal carotid artery system: sensory aphasia or motor aphasia, ipsilateral transient blindness or visual impairment, contralateral hemiplegia. Vertebrobasilar system: Paroxysmal vertigo with nausea, vomiting, visual field defect and diplopia, slurred speech, ataxia, blurred vision in both eyes, hoarseness, dysphagia, cross or bilateral limb paralysis, sensory disturbance or cataplexy.

(4) No intracranial hypertension.