Brief introduction of Guatemala

Country name: Republic of Guatemala.

Independence Day: 15 September (182 1 year)

National Day: 15 September (182 1 year)

Time difference with Beijing:-14.00

International telephone code: 502

Language: Spanish is the official language, and there are 23 local languages such as Mayan.

Religion: mainly Catholicism and Christianity.

Currency: a dangerous currency

National flower: white orchid

National flag: rectangular, with an aspect ratio of 8: 5. It consists of three parallel and equal vertical rectangles, with white in the middle and blue on both sides; The center of the white rectangle is painted with the national emblem pattern. The color of the national flag comes from the original flag color of the Central American Federation. Blue symbolizes the Pacific Ocean and the Caribbean Sea respectively, and white symbolizes the pursuit of peace.

National emblem: it is round, with a blue round face and an unfolded scroll in the middle, which reads "182 1 September 15, Freedom" in Spanish to commemorate Guatemala's independence from Spanish colonial rule. There is a green "Gechar" bird perched on the scroll. This is the national bird of Guatemala, also known as the "bird of freedom", which is regarded as a symbol of freedom, patriotism and friendship. The back of the scroll is crossed with rifles and swords, which symbolizes that the people of the whole country are always ready to defend the freedom of the motherland. The pattern on it is surrounded by laurel branches.

Head of State: President Oscar José Rafael Berger Perdomo, who took office on June 6th+10/October 6th+April 6th, 2004.

physical geography

108,000 square kilometers. Located in the north of Central America. Bordering Mexico, Belize, Honduras and El Salvador. It borders the Pacific Ocean in the south, the Gulf of Honduras in the Caribbean in the east and Mexico, El Salvador, Honduras and Belize in the land. Two thirds of the territory is mountains and plateaus. There are more than 30 volcanoes in the west, with Cuchumatanes Mountain in the south, Madre Mountain in the west and volcanic belt in the south. Mount Tahumarko is 42 1 1 m above sea level, which is the highest peak in Central America. Earthquakes are frequent. There are Petten lowlands in the north. There are long and narrow coastal plains along the Pacific coast. Most of the major cities are located in mountain basins in the south. Located in the tropics, the northern and eastern coastal plains have a tropical rainforest climate, and the southern mountainous areas have a subtropical climate. A year is divided into two seasons: May to 10 is the wet season, and 1 1 is the dry season. The annual precipitation in the northeast is 2000-3000mm, and that in the south is 500- 1 000mm. Forests account for half of the country's area, especially the Petten lowlands; Rich in precious wood such as mahogany. Mineral deposits include lead, zinc, nickel, copper, gold, silver and oil.

Human population

1 168 million (2005). It is the country with the largest population and the highest proportion of indigenous people in Central America, among which Indians account for 53%, Indo-European hybrids account for 45% and whites account for 2%. The official language is Spanish, and there are 23 local languages such as Mayan. 75% residents believe in Catholicism and 25% believe in Protestantism.

Capital (Guatemala City)

Guatemala City is the national economic and cultural center. On the plateau in the southern volcanic area, the altitude is 1, 493 meters. With a population of 2 million (1988), it is the largest city in Central America. Established on 1524. Due to repeated damage caused by the earthquake, 1776 was moved to its current site. There are many low buildings in this city. 1779 is the capital. 1823- 1838 was once the capital of the Central American Federation. Distribution centers for coffee, corn, wheat and other agricultural products. Has more than half of the country's industries, mainly cement, wood processing, textiles, tobacco, food processing and so on. The transportation hub and the railway reach puerto barrios and San Jose in the northeast and southwest respectively. There are universities (built in 1676), academies of science and museums. The headquarters of the Central American Common Market is located here. There are Mayan cultural monuments in the suburbs.

brief history

Guatemala is one of the Mayan cultural centers of ancient Indians. 1524 became a Spanish colony. 1527, Spain set up a governor in times of crisis to govern Central America except Panama. 1821September 15 broke away from Spanish colonial rule and declared independence. 1822-1823 became a part of the Mexican empire. 1823 Join the Central American Federation. 1838 After the disintegration of the Federation, 1839 became an independent country again. 1847 March 2 1 Guatemala declared a republic.

politics

According to the constitution of 1986, crisis is a pluralistic political system. The president is elected by universal suffrage. He is the head of state, the head of government and the commander-in-chief of the armed forces, and is in charge of the highest administrative power of the country. The unicameral National Assembly is the highest legislative body of the country. The Cabinet is the executive organ of the government, directly led by the President and assisted by the Vice President.

economy

The economy is dominated by agriculture. The main agricultural products are coffee, cotton, bananas, sugar cane, corn, rice and beans. Food is not self-sufficient, and in recent years, attention has been paid to cattle raising and coastal fishing. Industries include mining, cement, sugar making, textile, flour, wine making, tobacco and so on. Coffee, bananas, cotton and sugar are the main export products, while daily industrial products, machinery and food are imported.

diplomacy

Dangerous countries pursue an independent, active, neutral, pluralistic and non-aligned foreign policy. So far, Chinese mainland has not established diplomatic relations.

The major cities of the country.

1 Guatemala City Guatemala

2 grams of saltenango ke saltenango

3 Escuintla

4 Qimu Village Qimu Village

No.5, Izabal, puerto barrios

6 Retaluleu Retaluleu

7 basat Nango

Saint Thomas de Castilla, Saint Thomas de Castilla

Puerto Kuzal Kesar

Puerto barrios, puerto barrios.

Matthias Matthias de Galvez