Ouyang Xiu had a close relationship with Su Shi in the Northern Song Dynasty. First of all, they were all selected as the "Eight Masters of Tang and Song Dynasties". Secondly, Ouyang Xiu was born in 1007 and is Su Shi's teacher (born in 1037). In the second year of Song Renzong Jiayou (1057), the imperial examination was called the dragon and tiger list of the Millennium, and most scholars who entered the imperial examination became important figures in the future, such as Su Shi, Su Zhe, Cheng Hao,,, Zhang Zai and so on. In the words of now, they are all awesome. In fact, the examiner of this list is also a great person, that is, Ouyang Xiu.
Ouyang Xiu was full of praise for Su Shi's talent. He said in the famous Book with Mei that "the old man should avoid Taoism and let him (Su Shi) get ahead", which later became a famous idiom-get ahead.
Ouyang Xiu and Su Shi also have a fate. Both of them have been to Yangzhou. Yangzhou was a provincial unit in the Han Dynasty. In the Eastern Han Dynasty, the provincial Yangzhou secretariat included Zhejiang, Fujian, Jiangxi, Shanghai, south of the Yangtze River in Jiangsu, south of Huaihe River in Anhui and east of Hubei. Interestingly, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province was not under the jurisdiction of Yangzhou (provincial level) at that time. Now Yangzhou is called Guangling, which belongs to Xuzhou Secretariat Department.
Yangzhou (hereinafter referred to as Yangzhou City, Jiangsu Province) has a very important strategic position. Yangzhou is located on the north bank of the lower reaches of the Yangtze River. In the Eastern Han Dynasty, not far from Yangzhou (Guangling County) was the sea (Nantong and other places were still in the sea at that time), and the rich Jiangdong was separated by a river. The south bank of the Yangtze River, not far southwest of Yangzhou, is Nanjing, which is the capital of Wu Dong, Jin Dong and Southern Dynasties. Yangzhou was the gateway town of Nanjing during the Six Dynasties, and it was heavily guarded. As long as Yangzhou, south of Huaihe River, is held, the northern line of Nanjing is basically worry-free. The ancients said: to defend the river, you must first defend the Huai River. If the Huaihe River defense line falls, we can only defend the Yangtze River. But if the Southern Dynasties can still hold Yangzhou, north of the Yangtze River, the strategic situation will be completely different.
During the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period, Nan Tang made Nanjing its capital and controlled all the sites on the south bank of Huaihe River. Yangzhou is naturally the gateway to Nanjing. SHEN WOO Xionglue's Zhou Shizong made three expeditions to Huainan, and finally defeated Nantang and captured fourteen states in Huainan, including Yangzhou in Jiangbei. When Yangzhou entered the week, Nanjing had no danger to defend, so Emperor Li Jing of the Southern Tang Dynasty had to move the capital to Hongzhou (Nanchang, Jiangxi).
During the Northern Song Dynasty, Yangzhou regained its vitality and became one of the most important economic cities in China. At the same time, Yangzhou is also the seat of Huainan Road and the prefect's office. In the fifth year of Xining in Song Shenzong (1072), Huainan Road was divided into Huainan East Road (which still ruled Yangzhou at that time) and Huainan West Road, but Ouyang Xiu only had Huainan Road when he was alive.
During the Northern Song Dynasty, economically, the south of the Yangtze River valley had surpassed the Central Plains of the Yellow River valley. A considerable part of the finance in the Northern Song Dynasty came from Jiangnan, and Huainan Road was just stuck in the middle of Jiangnan East Road, Liangzhe Road and the Central Plains traffic line. From Jiangnan to the Central Plains, it is sometimes necessary to take the canal through Yangzhou (the middle section of the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal), enter Chuzhou (Huai 'an City, Jiangsu Province), and then trace back from Huai 'an to Sizhou (the north bank of Huaihe River in Xuyi County, Huai 'an City, Jiangsu Province), and then pass the Bianhe River to Kaifeng.
Yangzhou's position in the Northern Song Dynasty is self-evident. Those who can come to Yangzhou to be "prefects" are all important people at that time. In the first month of the eighth year of Song Renzong (1048), Ouyang Xiu was appointed as Yangzhou well-known. Ouyang Xiu didn't stay in Yangzhou for a long time and left Yangzhou early next year. However, this year, Ouyang Xiu did a very important thing in Yangzhou-building Pingshan Hall. Pingshan Hall is located in Shugang, five miles northwest of Yangzhou Prefecture, next to the famous daming temple. Ye Mengde, a poet in the Song Dynasty, called Pingshan Hall magnificent, ranking first in Huainan. Song people said that standing on the Pingshan Temple, Zhou Zhen (Yizheng City), Runzhou (Zhenjiang City) and jiangning house (Nanjing City) were vaguely seen, showing their grandeur.
Song Renzong He Zhi three years (1056), Ouyang Xiu's good friend Liu Chang became well known in Yangzhou. At that time, Ouyang Xiu, an official of Kaifeng Prefecture, gave a farewell dinner for Liu Chang. Ouyang Xiu wrote a famous sentence, "Wrong in Chao-sent to protect Yang". There is a cloud: "Pingshan Lanshan leans against the clear sky, and there are both mountains and mountains." There are willows planted in front of the hall, so there are several spring breeze. My favorite article is written by the governor. It is a long text. Let's have a drink. Eat and drink, be young. "
Among them, The Land with and without Mountains was originally a poem by Wang Wei in Tang Dynasty, and Ouyang Xiu worked as a porter, but it was very useful. In his poems, Ouyang Xiu misses the willow planted in Yangzhou eight years ago, lamenting that the time is fleeting, and his hair and beard are all white before he knows it.
Overlooking Pingshan Temple in daming temple
This is Ouyang Xiu's romantic affair. What does it have to do with Su Shi? Su Shi also served as an official in Yangzhou for seven years (1092), and soon returned to North Korea as the minister of war. However, before that, Su Shi had passed Yangzhou three times. Song Shenzong Xining four years (107 1), Su Shi became the general of Hangzhou. From Kaifeng to Hangzhou, you usually take a boat along the Bianhe River to the Huaihe River, go down the canal to Yangzhou, and then go to Hangzhou by other means. Su Shi passed by Yangzhou this time and enjoyed the magnificent rivers and mountains in Yangzhou.
Three years later, on 1074, Su Shi was transferred to Mizhou (Zhucheng, Shandong Province) on JD.COM East Road. From Hangzhou to Mizhou, Su Shi inevitably borrowed Yangzhou again. Mizhou is an important town in the history of Su Shi's ci, and Su Shi's famous sentence "When will there be a bright moon?" It was written in Michigan. In addition, Su Shi also has a noun in Mizhou, namely "Jiangchengzi-Mizhou Hunting".
In the second year of Yuanfeng (AD 1079), Su Shi was transferred from Xuzhou, where he had known each other for two years, to Huzhou, Zhejiang Province. From Xuzhou to Huzhou in the south of the Yangtze River, Su Shi passed Yangzhou again. There is also a saying that Su Shi visited Yangzhou for the third time in October of the seventh year of Yuanfeng (A.D. 1084).
Su Shi passed by Yangzhou and was well-known in Yangzhou. Some people think that this well-known thing is a novelty, and according to scholars' research, it should be Chen Shengzhi. When Su Shi arrived in Yangzhou, Chen Shengzhi had not left his post, and Xian Yushu had not arrived.
Under Pingshan Hall, Su Shi recalled the meeting with his mentor Ouyang Xiu in Yingzhou (Fuyang, Anhui) nine years ago. Su Shi wrote a poem with mixed feelings, which is the famous Xijiang Moon-Pingshan Hall. As the saying goes, "Ping Shan Tang passed through Sandao Pass, and the finger sounds flashed all his life. I haven't seen an old fairy for ten years, and the dragon and snake fly up the wall. If you want to hang an article, you can still sing the willow spring breeze. Needless to say, everything turns empty and dreams without turning your head. " Among them, the last two sentences have become famous sentences sung through the ages.