Article 1 knowledge and skills
Learn how to organize the argumentation ideas of argumentative essays; Master the role of narrative, discussion, discussion writing and contrast.
Process and method
Through the analysis of the narration and discussion of the text, we can understand the skills of narration and discussion in this paper and the role of narration in argumentative writing.
Emotions, attitudes and values
Understand the connotation of Bethune spirit, learn from Bethune spirit and be a noble person.
focus
1. Narrative and discussion, mainly discussion.
2. Use the method of contrast to realize the function of contrast.
difficulty
The role of understanding contrast in expressing the central idea of the article.
Read aloud, discuss and explore independently.
student
Preview before class and collect information about Bethune. Read the text by yourself, circle the new words, outline the sentences you don't understand in the text and ask difficult questions.
teacher
multimedia courseware
2 class hours
The name 1. Bethune is a household name in China. Do you know where Bethune came from? Why can a foreigner leave such a deep impression on China people? By studying *' s In Memory of Bethune, we can find the answer.
Step 2 debate knowledge
Argumentative writing is a style that directly expresses the author's views and opinions through reasoning and facts. It takes argumentation as the main expression and convinces people by reasoning. It doesn't teach people with emotion like narrative, nor does it teach people with knowledge like expository. Argumentative essays are theoretical in content, logical in structure and general in language.
Three elements of argumentative writing: argument, argument and argumentation. Demonstration methods: reasoning, examples, comparison and metaphor.
Structure: Ask questions (introduction)-Analyze questions (thesis)-Solve problems (conclusion).
Bethune was an internationalist fighter. Member of Canada *, thoracic surgeon. After the outbreak of War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression in China, he was sent by Canada and the United States to lead a medical team composed of Canadians and Americans to China Liberated Area, arrived in Yan 'an on March 1938, and soon transferred to the Shanxi-Chahar-Hebei Border Region. He was extremely responsible for his work, was extremely enthusiastic about comrades and people, served the anti-Japanese soldiers and civilians in China with superb medical technology, trained a large number of medical cadres, and made outstanding contributions to the liberation of the people of China. Later, he died of infection and poisoning in Tang County, Hebei Province. 1939 1 1.02.
A month after Bethune's death, comrades wrote an article in memory of Bethune.
1. Students read the text, find out the key sentences of each paragraph, and then summarize the main points of each paragraph with reference to the meaning of the key sentences.
The key sentence in the first paragraph: "What is the spirit of a foreigner who regards the liberation of the people of China as his own career without selfishness? This is the spirit of internationalism, this is the spirit of communism, and every member of China must learn this spirit. "
Point: Praise Comrade Bethune's spirit of internationalism.
The second key sentence: "Comrade Bethune's selfless dedication is manifested in his extreme responsibility for his work and his extreme enthusiasm for comrades and the people."
Point: Praise Comrade Bethune's selfless dedication.
The third key sentence: "Comrade Bethune is a doctor. He takes medical care as his profession and strives for perfection in technology. "
Key points: praise Comrade Bethune's technical spirit of Excellence.
The key sentence in the fourth paragraph: "We should all learn from his selfless spirit."
Point: Call on the whole party to learn from Comrade Bethune's selfless spirit.
Teacher's summary:
(1) Praise Comrade Bethune's internationalist spirit.
(2) Praise Comrade Bethune's selfless dedication.
(3) Praise Comrade Bethune's technical spirit of striving for perfection.
Call on the whole party to study Comrade Bethune's communist spirit.
2. What is the point of each paragraph?
The first three paragraphs of the article are the concrete embodiment of the communist spirit. The article expounds Comrade Bethune's communist spirit from three aspects, and the fourth paragraph calls on the whole party to learn from him this true communist spirit.
Read the text by yourself and analyze the demonstration method.
(1) Read the text by yourself, choose one of the sub-arguments, read the relevant paragraphs, and analyze the methods used by the author to demonstrate the argument.
Students adopt the method of autonomous learning, freely choose a sub-argument, read the first to third paragraphs of the text, analyze the argumentation method, and annotate their own understanding in the book.
After autonomous learning, teachers organize students to discuss in class.
Make the discussion clear: (1) The first paragraph, facts and reasons. (2) The second and third paragraphs adopt the method of comparative demonstration.
(2) Contrast can make the argument more convincing. Please read the second and third paragraphs of the text together, find out the relevant sentences from the text and fill them in the table to realize the benefits of writing like this.
Bethune, many people.
Yeah, work.
To comrades, to the people
Yes, technology.
Read the text aloud and fill in the blanks with sentences from the text.
Bethune, many people.
Extreme work
Responsible, irresponsible, light is afraid of heavy, heavy is heavy.
Push it to others and choose the light one yourself. Do one thing at a time.
Before, think for yourself. A little effort.
I feel great about myself, like to brag and be afraid.
I don't know.
Yes, comrade.
Extreme to the people
Enthusiasm is not full of enthusiasm, but indifference, indifference and insensitivity.
I have different ideas about technical Excellence, but I despise technical work and think there is no way out.
Advantages: By comparison, not only is Comrade Bethune's spirit very vivid, but it also shows the necessity and importance of learning Bethune's spirit.
Through the analysis of argumentation methods, students have a preliminary understanding of the role of argumentation methods. Let's sum it up.
The function of inductive demonstration. Ask students to summarize the commonly used argumentation methods and functions to form a theory and a teacher's summary.
1. Demonstration with examples: demonstrate with concrete examples to make the demonstration more concrete and convincing.
2. Reasoning argument: Reasoning argument, also known as quotation, is an argument method to prove that one's point of view is correct and credible by quoting famous sayings, ancient poems and famous sentences, proverbs and epigrams that reflect scientific laws.
If you quote famous sayings, aphorisms and data, you can enhance the persuasiveness and sex of the argument; Citing celebrity anecdotes and anecdotes can enhance the interest of the argument and attract readers to continue reading.
3. Comparative demonstration. The function is to highlight.
In addition to the above three common argumentative methods, metaphorical argumentative essays often appear in argumentative essays.
4. Metaphorical argument. An argument method that vividly proves an argument by analogy. The abstract truth can be concretized and visualized, making the expounded truth vivid and easy to understand.
1. Cooperate to explore and learn how to write dialogues.
(1) Please skip the text, extract the narrative from the paragraph and summarize the event.
Students skip the text, circle the pictures with pens and annotate their own understanding. The group exchanged their learning results, formed group opinions and spoke in class.
The first paragraph: summarize Bethune's life experience;
Paragraph 2: To sum up, many people are irresponsible for their work and indifferent to comrades and the people. People who came back from the front admired Bethune, and the soldiers and civilians in the Shanxi-Chahar-Hebei border region were moved by it.
The third paragraph: briefly introduce Bethune's excellent medical skills in the whole eighth route army medical system; To sum up, there is a group of people who despise technical work.
The fourth paragraph summarizes the communication between the author and Bethune.
(2) Read these narrative sentences carefully and compare them with the narrative in the narrative.
Students take questions, explore and compare, and then discuss with each other and exchange the results of the exploration.
(1) has different functions. Narrative is a narrative-oriented article, and narrative is the main body of the article. Argumentative writing is an article that focuses on discussion, and narrative writing provides factual arguments for discussion.
(2) The details are different. The narrative in the argumentative essay is concise and uses general language.
For example, at the beginning of the article, the author only introduced Bethune in two sentences with a total length of more than 80 words, but provided Bethune's nationality, identity, age, purpose of coming to China, time of dispatch to China, place of work, cause of death and other information, which was very general and concise.
(3) There are narratives in the discussion process, which are called narrative and discussion writing. What are the advantages of this writing? The students discuss with each other.
The discussion is clear: this paper adopts the method of narrative discussion, which can not only make readers understand Bethune from the outside to the inside, but also know what to learn from Bethune, why to learn from him and how to learn from him. The narrative is brief, the exposition is incisive and the conception is profound, which makes the article have the momentum of strategically located buildings.
2. Conduct emotional recitation and experience the language.
(1) Please think about what kind of feelings we should use when reading the fourth paragraph aloud.
Students read aloud and feel the feelings.
The first sentence should read the sad mood. The last sentence should be read with enthusiasm and momentum.
(2) Why did the feelings change in the last sentence?
The last sentence uses the rhetorical method of parallelism to write how to become a "person of great benefit to the people" from five aspects, namely: personality-nobility, quality-purity, cultivation-morality, interest-getting rid of low taste and life value-benefiting the people. The meaning is rich and colorful, and you should read the passionate and magnificent trend.
(3) Ask the students to read the fourth paragraph in chorus, asking them to be deep first, read out their grief and indignation, and then read out their momentum.
Students read aloud and then try to get back to class.
3. Class discussion: Bethune has been dead for decades. Do you think it is of practical significance to talk about Bethune spirit today?
(express your opinions, discuss and communicate)
The first part (1 paragraph): Put forward the central point of the article, that is, learn from Bethune's communist spirit. Then it puts forward the sub-point of the article-learning Bethune's spirit of internationalism.
The second part (the second natural paragraph): Put forward arguments and learn Bethune's spirit of self-sacrifice.
The third part (the third paragraph): put forward sub-arguments and learn Bethune's technical spirit of Excellence.
The fourth part (the fourth natural paragraph): Summarize the full text and expound the profound significance of learning Bethune.
The article highly praised Comrade Bethune's communist spirit from three aspects and called on the whole party to learn from him this true communist spirit.
1. This paper adopts the writing method of narration and discussion, which is concise, incisive and sincere, and the discussion comes from narration, and the two are organically combined. On the one hand, it makes the article both reasonable and easy to understand, that is, reasonable and emotional, and it is vivid and touching to read; On the other hand, the argument based on narrative can make the truth expounded in the article have sufficient basis, thus enhancing persuasiveness, being easy for readers to understand and accept, and receiving profound education from it.
The extensive use of idioms is one of the characteristics of this language.
For example, "comrades are not enthusiastic about the people, but indifferent, indifferent and insensitive." Here, three words with similar meanings are used together to vividly and comprehensively reveal the wrong performance of "many people" from the angles of emotion, attitude and feeling, which is in sharp contrast with the spirit of Dr. Bethune and the language is extremely concise. In a word, the idioms used in this paper enhance the vividness and persuasiveness of the language.
3. The use of double negation shows the linguistic feature of "a thousand words don't move".
For example, "people who came back from the front said Bethune was admirable and everyone was moved by his spirit." The double negation narrates an example, which reflects Bethune's spirit of selfishness and dedication to others. It is stronger than the general affirmative sentence and leaves a deep impression on people.
Communist spirit, internationalism, egoism, committed to improving technology, called on the whole party to learn Bethune spirit.
Total-Points-Total
The combination of narration and discussion is mainly discussion.
This paper is argumentative, and it is also the first time that students come into contact with this style when they enter junior high school. In teaching, I mainly adopt the mode of cooperative inquiry, so that students can find out the contents of narrative and discussion respectively, analyze their functions in the text, and let students explore the writing skills of narrative and discussion.
Teaching objectives of Article 2
1. Learn how to combine narrative and discussion to write this article.
2. Understanding the article praises Bethune's lofty spiritual realm and guides students to pursue a higher realm of moral cultivation.
Teaching emphases and difficulties
1. Narrative and discussion, mainly discussion.
2. Use the method of contrast to realize the function of contrast.
Teaching time
The second class hour
A complete solution to the teaching process
first kind
First, preview
1. Add some words below.
Send () martyrdom ().
Pure contempt
Narrow and enthusiastic
Jinchaji ()
2. Explain the following words.
Dispatch: (government, organization, group, etc.). ) Order people to do a certain job somewhere.
Narrowness: (Broad-minded, magnanimous, knowledgeable, etc. ) limited to a small scope, not magnanimous.
Extreme: vice > reach extreme.
Enthusiasm: enthusiasm. Sincerity: true friendship
Insensitive: originally meant to be numb and feel ineffective. This refers to the lack of political sensitivity and enthusiasm, and indifference to the interests of the collective and the people.
It doesn't matter: it's not worth mentioning.
Pure: shape > not mixed with other ingredients.
Indifference: indifference, indifference.
Choose the light and fear the heavy: accept a job, choose the easy and fear the heavy.
Second, import.
The scene of Bethune being attacked by an enemy plane when he was operating on the wounded in a small temple in the movie Dr. Bethune was played by multimedia. Show pictures about Bethune, so that students can know more about Bethune.
This paper briefly introduces Bethune's life and writing background.
Bethune (1890- 1939), the land of internationalism. Member of Canada *, thoracic surgeon. After the outbreak of War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression in China, he was sent by Canada and the United States to lead a medical team composed of Canadian adults and Americans to China Liberated Area, arrived in Yan 'an in March of 1938, and soon transferred to the Shanxi-Chahar-Hebei Border Region to work. He was extremely responsible for his work, was extremely enthusiastic about comrades and people, served the anti-Japanese soldiers and civilians in China with superb medical technology, trained a large number of medical cadres, and made outstanding contributions to the liberation of the people of China. He died in Tang County, Hebei Province on June19391L.
A month after Bethune's death, comrades wrote an article in memory of Bethune.
Third, reading the text, the overall perception
Requirements: Read aloud and pronounce correctly.
Thinking: Why is Bethune commendable? What qualities should we learn from him? The full text consists of four paragraphs. What is the internal connection between paragraphs?
Students discuss and communicate, find out the central sentence of each paragraph and summarize the main points of each paragraph.
Central sentence:
The first paragraph: "What is the spirit of a foreigner who has no selfishness and regards the liberation of the people of China as his own business? This is the spirit of internationalism, this is the spirit of communism, and every member of China must learn this spirit. "
The second paragraph: "Comrade Bethune's selfless dedication is manifested in his extreme responsibility for his work and his extreme enthusiasm for his comrades and the people."
The third paragraph: "Comrade Bethune is a doctor. He takes medical care as his profession and strives for perfection in technology. "
The fourth paragraph: "We should all learn from his selfless spirit.
Summarize the main points of each paragraph as follows: (Each paragraph is a part)
The first part: Praise Comrade Bethune's spirit of internationalism.
The second part: praising Comrade Bethune's selfless dedication.
The third part: praising Comrade Bethune's technical spirit of Excellence.
Part four: Call on the whole party to learn from Comrade Bethune's selfless spirit.
Fourth, learn the first part
Think about problems and discuss and communicate with classmates.
1. How many layers is this text written? What is the main content of each floor?
Clear: divided into three layers.
The first layer (from the beginning to "unfortunately died in the line of duty"): highly summarizes the main deeds of Comrade Bethune.
The second level (from "a foreigner" to "everyone in China should learn this spirit"): Summarize Bethune's thoughts and actions, and point out the central point of this article.
The third layer (from "Leninism" to the end): citing Marxism-Leninism to discuss Comrade Bethune's great internationalist spirit.
2. What is the introduction to Comrade Bethune at the beginning of the article? What's the role?
Clear: he is a member of the vanguard of the proletariat in capitalist countries; I am old and courageous; Carry heavy burdens and go to the front; Being killed in the line of duty is more important than Mount Tai.
An overview of the principle of internationalism reservation Comrade Bethune's resume is a memorial to the deceased and a factual basis for discussing Bethune's internationalism spirit.
Bethune came to China, not far from Wan Li. What is his essence? Answer in the original text.
Clear: "This is the spirit of internationalism and this is the spirit of communism."
Fifth, students read the first paragraph, which is divided into two parts: narration and discussion, so as to deepen their understanding of Comrade Bethune's internationalist spirit.
Abstract of intransitive verbs
Understand one of the manifestations of Comrade Bethune's communist spirit; Understand the role of narrative in argumentative writing.
Seven. distribute
1. Ask and practice 1.
2. Choose to practice in class.
Knowledge goal: to understand the common sense of argumentative writing style; Experience the role of contrast and taste accurate and rigorous language.
Ability goal: learn to summarize the main points of each paragraph; Learn how to write this article. The role of understanding contrast in expressing the central idea of the article.
Emotional goal: learn from Comrade Bethune's great communist spirit.
first kind
study
target
1. Summarize the main points of each paragraph and feel the full text as a whole.
2. Learn from Comrade Bethune's great communist spirit.
teaching process
First, the introduction of new courses.
Import 1: Please listen to a poem recitation (music): (Multimedia presentation of poetry)
"The autumn wind is raining, and the water is playing a sad song. From the distant Wutai Mountain, there was sad news. We commemorate you with endless grief! Here-the stones by the river and the weeds on the mountain are also crying for you. But, dear Dr. Bethune, rest in peace! Behind you, the oppressed brothers all over the world are up. We will follow your glory, hold high the banner of new medicine and forge ahead courageously on the road pioneered by Bethune! ……"
This is a commemorative song of Bethune written by Mr Zhu Ziqi. Poetry expresses the deep feelings of Bethune's death and the determination to carry forward Bethune's legacy, which is inspiring. Today, let's learn from Comrade Bethune and see what spirit Comrade Bethune has worth learning.
Second, the new curriculum teaching
? Goal-oriented learning 1: Read the text aloud and feel it as a whole.
1. Spot check four people to read the text, check the preview, and focus on checking the fluency of students' reading and the accuracy of new words.
2. Choose a person to evaluate the effect of reading aloud, and the teacher will demonstrate reading aloud, correct pronunciation and handle feelings.
3. Students read the text silently, find out the key sentences of each paragraph and summarize the main points of each paragraph.
The key sentence in the first paragraph is: "What is the spirit of a foreigner who regards the liberation of the people of China as his own career without selfishness? This is the spirit of internationalism, this is the spirit of communism, and every member of China must learn this spirit. " Point: Praise Comrade Bethune's spirit of internationalism.
The focus of the second paragraph is: "Comrade Bethune's selfless dedication is manifested in his extreme responsibility for his work and his extreme enthusiasm for his comrades and the people." Point: Praise Comrade Bethune's selfless dedication.
The key sentence in the third paragraph is: "Comrade Bethune is a doctor. He takes medical care as his profession and strives for perfection in technology. " Key points: praise Comrade Bethune's technical spirit of Excellence.
The key sentence in the fourth paragraph is: "We should all learn from his selfless spirit." Point: Call on the whole party to learn from Comrade Bethune's selfless spirit.
4. How many floors was written in the second paragraph? What is the main content of each floor? Clear:
The first layer (from the beginning to the unfortunate death in the line of duty): highly summarizes the main deeds of Comrade Bethune.
The second level (from a foreigner to every member of China * should learn this spirit "): highly summarize Bethune's thoughts and actions, and point out the central argument of this article.
The third layer (from Leninism to the end): citing Marxism-Leninism to discuss Comrade Bethune's great internationalist spirit.
And focus on the business and research technology in the third paragraph?
Clear: A person who concentrates on his business and studies technology can serve reactionary oppressors and exploiters without progressive political thoughts. Bethune was a communist fighter. He dedicated his brilliant medical skills and precious life to the people of China who struggled for liberation in extremely difficult environment. Bethune's spirit of internationalism deserves our affirmation and praise, and is worth learning. Therefore, the article first puts forward Bethune's spirit of internationalism, and then points out his communist character of working actively and loving comrades and people.
Teaching skills
Let the students solve several problems in this link through group cooperation and communication.
Learning method guidance
Citation, the full name of citation argument, is an argument method to prove the argument by quoting classic quotations, proverbs and common sense of life.
The practical words of citation make the reasoning more profound, thorough and convincing, and pay attention to the strength of theory and the deep thinking of the article. 5. What else do you know about Dr. Bethune? Please check it online.
When I was studying in England, I was so absorbed in business that my refrigerator was often full of human organs, "like a bloody butcher shop".
Hearing that someone was going to "take care of" him and let him stay in Yan 'an, Bethune was so angry that he threw the round-backed armchair out of the window.
Nearly 50 years old, he operated on the 1 15 wounded for 69 hours at a time.
Teaching skills
Guide students to collect Bethune's examples, broaden their horizons and deepen their understanding of the content of this article.
Third, blackboard design.