On the cliff next to Shui Han Pass, the beautiful grottoes reflect purple light.

The legend of cracking Buddha has been discussed by the people, and Sanskrit has been extended.

Split Buddha Temple is located more than 20 kilometers north of Jingyuan and 3 kilometers away from Santan Township Government. It is the collective name of the original seventh, eighth and ninth production teams in Santan Xintian, and is now called "Anning". The reason why it is called the Split Buddhist Temple is that there is an ancient temple on the Hongshan Cliff in the grain field of the ninth production team. The grottoes face south, with a length of about 10000 meters from east to west and an area of about 1000 square meters.

If the three beaches are arc-shaped, the temples and the triangle ancient city are just at the two ends of the crossbow, facing the Yellow River in the north to the south, separated from Doucheng in Pingchuan by a river, farmland and villages in the south, an east-west Hansha River in front, Santan country road in the west, Baihua Mountain at the top of the mountain in the northwest, and Wanjiaping water conservancy project and power pump station of rare earth company in the northeast. Here,

Because it is adjacent to the Yellow River, I have to say that the Yellow River and this Shahe River. As the saying goes, there are 99 bays in the Yellow River, where there are bends, there are gorges, and where there are bends, there are beaches. The river roared and rampaged, forming a formidable grand canyon or magnificent beach, showing us the colorful and mysterious Yellow River Canyon. Branches along the way flow into the Yellow River. In the Jingyuan section of the Yellow River, there are several big beaches, but there are still many rocks and mountains on both sides, and large and small dry rivers flow into the Yellow River from their respective gullies. There are two long shahes in Santan Yinyue, this one is called the Shahe of the Split Buddha Temple, and its name has been truncated. From east to west, there are called Xiaochuanzi Shahe and Shuigou Shahe, which are dry all year round except for heavy rain. At present, there are fifteen residential areas near the site of the Split Buddha Temple, which have been listed as geological disaster-prone areas. The source of Shahe River lies in the watershed between Mitanping and Nanchuan in Liu Chuan. 109 before the double track was completed, it was the only way for Santan people to reach Prynne. Before and after liberation, they took the steep city on the other side. When the river rose, the boat could not cross the river, so they had to bypass the Jingyuan Railway Bridge. They also took the only road on the other side. This unique geographical location and steep red cliff may be the reasons for the construction of Buddhist temples here. The other is located in the lower reaches of the Yellow River, six kilometers north of the Split Buddha Temple, and is called Shahe, which is called the Great Ice Road. It goes straight to Baiyin District, goes downstream, passes through Yingkou, Wujiachuan and Dabingkou, and reaches the Yellow River. This river has water all the year round and is an important tributary of the middle and upper reaches of the Yellow River.

According to legend, the Buddhist temple was founded in the Northern Wei Dynasty, and was formed during the introduction of Buddhism in the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties. Together with Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes, Jingyuan Fashen Temple Grottoes and Chaoyang Temple Grottoes, it belongs to the front and back yards of Fashen Temple. The Northern Wei Dynasty respected Buddha. In the early years, the number of temples in the world increased greatly, and the number of monks and nuns kept expanding. By the end of the year, the number of monks had increased rapidly. Due to the influence of emperors, the ruling and opposition parties followed suit. At that time, the Split Buddha Temple was located on the main road of the Silk Road. Monks simply dig holes and build walls and temples to spread Buddhism, which is based on the original name of the steep red cliff at the crack Buddhist temple (Mongolian means "steep house", and the later homonym is a grotto washed by the wind and the sun). The grottoes are Zen grottoes. It is said that the original statues, murals and other buildings in the grottoes were destroyed during the Cultural Revolution. After the reform and opening up, Buddhist disciples and local villagers raised funds to rebuild statues, temples were allocated to grottoes, and grottoes were integrated with the main body. There are three existing grottoes, backed by red sandstone mountains, accompanied by several halls on the left and right. They are quiet, peaceful and solemn. There are statues of Maitreya Buddha, Guanyin, Earth Treasure King, Wei Tuo and other immortals in the grottoes, which are graceful and meticulous in shape. The top of the grottoes is uneven, and it still has the original appearance of the Northern Wei Dynasty. The top of the main grottoes is square and shaped like a lithograph.

Avoidance Buddhist Temple, also known as "Split Buddhist Temple", is said that the Fashen Temple in Jingyuan County, which was built in the Northern Wei Dynasty, was also killed. In order to save a large number of Buddha statues and Buddhist scriptures from extinction, the surviving monks in the temple secretly moved them to various places to hide, some of them were hidden in a cave in the split Buddhist temple, and the abbot of the surviving monks left hidden Buddhist scriptures and materials in the split Buddhist temple. In recent years, Buddhism has revived, and many Buddhist temples have been built in various places, and the destroyed Dharma temples have gradually recovered. However, in order to avoid the extinction of Buddhism, the caves where the Buddha statues and Buddhist scriptures were hidden were closed, and the caves were submerged by the rising water of the Yellow River and the sediment brought by the flood in Shahe, and the surface was integrated with the mountain. After searching by monks and customs, we finally found the approximate location of the cave where the Buddha statues and Buddhist scriptures were hidden, but the tools were simple and could not be opened. Unexpectedly, one day, as the Buddha wished, the front of the Buddha cave suddenly cracked, and the rocks that sealed the cave cracked like cracks, so that the Buddha statues and Buddhist scriptures hidden for many years could be seen again. Because this cave protects the Buddha statues and Buddhist scriptures when the Buddha died, it can be described as a land of spiritual treasures. The re-opened Buddha statues and Buddhist scriptures never returned to the Fashen Temple, and remained in this cave forever until today. When the Buddha was killed, he avoided it, so the temple was named "Avoidance Buddhist Temple". Later, the sealed cave was split, which made the Buddha statue and Buddhist scriptures see the light again, so the temple was also called "Split Buddha Temple".

It is said that in ancient times, a large part of cultivated land in Shahe area of Split Buddha Temple was the Buddhist field where the Buddhist monks lived in Fashen Temple and Split Buddha Temple. Later, it was requisitioned by the school as a teacher's fee, called Xuetian, and later gradually changed to Xintian, which is also the source of the place name of Xintian Village here. There is a small canal bridge at the Shahekou of the Schiphol Temple, which is still called the "new overpass" today. Now G6 Beijing-Tibet Expressway crossing the Yellow River is also called Xintian Yellow River Bridge.

In ancient times, the road from the Split Buddhist Temple to the Fashen Temple was called "Shang He Road", and the route was from the Split Buddhist Temple to the present G6 Beijing-Tibet Expressway footbridge, with empty stone crevices (meaning the beach in the Yellow River, but some people also called it the Kongjia molecule. In the sixties and seventies, it was the Santan Water Conservancy Farm. It is said that there was a castle beacon tower site here in the old society, and now it is cultivated land), next to the middle canal, and the second line is 109.

Although Santan Town is one of the towns in Jingyuan County, it has a long history and splendid culture. Silk Road culture, Yellow River culture, religious culture, yellow land culture, grassland nomadic culture and farming culture are all over the territory. The Buddhist culture of Split Buddha Temple has been fully displayed and reflected in the symbol system of dialects.

According to the interpretation of Chinese corpus in China Ancient Phonetic History, some special phonetic phenomena in dialects can convey rich cultural information, and the pronunciation of place names and kinship terms has a strong inheritance. From this, we can see some cultural information in the formation period, for example, if the name of Santan Split Buddhist Temple is written as "Split Buddhist Temple", we can know that there is a Buddhist temple here. The pronunciation of this place name in Jingyuan dialect is pǐ pó sǐ, and the word "Buddha" is pó. This sound, starting with p, at least reflects the pronunciation in Chinese before 10 century. "buddha" is translated from Sanskrit Buddha into "Buddha", and its pronunciation is:

[bó] Interpretation: In ancient times, Bo was on the rise. Word group: Buddha mud.

[fó] Interpretation: 1. The word "Buddha" in Sanskrit is the abbreviation of Sakyamuni, the founder of Buddhism, and also the name of Buddhists for people with perfect practice. 2. refers to "Buddhism". Composition: Fo Yin, Buddhism, Buddhism.

[b] Definition: It is the same as the ancient "bi". Word group: beaver.

[fú] Interpretation: 1. See "imitation". 2. ancient "brush", violation, violation.

Language is language, writing is writing, and Chinese characters often blur the facts of Chinese or its dialects. The initial is voiced b, which is voiced in our Chinese. For example, Jingyuan people, waves of waves, and reading doctoral studies. For example, there is a local name, and the local people pronounce "bo" as po instead of Bo, so reading B or P does not affect the understanding of the meaning, because the pronunciation of "Pi" is homophonic with "Avoidance" in Jingyuan dialect, and people in Pifosi Village think this may be related to the movement to destroy Buddhism in China history. In order to avoid the destruction of Buddha statues, Buddhist temples are built in remote places, so they are called "avoiding Buddhist temples".

In addition to the above viewpoints, I found two places in the written records. One is the resume and personal life of General Zhang Zhenyu, whose native place is Mitan Commune (formerly Mitan Mitan was a commune). Another place is the Zhangjia Temple, but it is recorded in the genealogy of the Zhangjia Family, which was repaired in Tongzhi for eight years.

Professor Luo Peng of Northwest Normal University said: The textual research of the Ganjia School in Qing Dynasty is mostly well-founded, which has solved many problems, that is, it can explain the phenomenon of dead (literary) living (dialect) language. The terms used are "phonetic transition", "phonetic change" and "language transition", but they cannot say the conditions and are misunderstood by many scholars. Nowadays, there is no slip of the tongue in academic research, especially textual research, except that the spoken language of ordinary people is natural. It just doesn't seem appropriate from the point of view of words. This is because Chinese characters blur the essence of language. The materials preserved in the documents of past dynasties are all based on Chinese characters, which are almost faithful records of language. However, due to the change of time and place, today's scholars read with today's pronunciation. In Jingyuan's words, many places are "out of shape". The reason is that loanwords change with pronunciation, and pronunciation changes with reading words. For example, in Dapo in spring, people in Jingyuan say "rubber slope", which is actually a provincial saying "like nasal slope". The nose of "nose" was pronounced with the initial p of aspirated in Jingyuan dialect before, just like the neighboring Huining and other places. Now Jingyuan dialect is the initial b, which is unexpected. According to the present statement, only a rough "rubber slope" can be written according to the standard of common language. In addition, for example, Tiger Leopard Mouth, a red sacred place, was originally called Hebaokou, and Jingyuan people called the flat land on the mountain tiger "stick cutting" (half-meaning) flat land.

People name things for a reason, which is the essential attribute or important feature of things. Pingchuan hollow building is the regulation system of the Great Wall in Ming Dynasty. There are buildings along the Great Wall, which were later mistakenly called Gongxingdun. It is like a bunker with all kinds of food, weapons, drinking water and so on. In case of stubborn resistance when besieged by the enemy. This is a purely military defense building. Of course, it is also right to call it Gongxingdun, which means to arch toward the Big Dipper, because there are also seven-star array sites near Xiaohuangwan. The origins of these words can only be solved if they are published in the literature first.

Another example is Tonghuibao and Tonghuibao between Ganyanchi and Dalachi. Tong Huibao's vowels are all high vowels, which is hard to say. In the process of ordinary communication, the local people (not to mention understanding linguistics) naturally say the Chinese word "hui" as a vowel with a large opening, which becomes "Tonghuibao". Similar phenomena are common in place names all over the world, which are not profound in ancient and modern times, but some people specially interpret "Tonghui Fort" for this reason, thinking that it was built in September of Fuyuan, and it is a "road protection fort" on the main road from Jingyuan Road to Huizhou. The History of the Song Dynasty Continued Edition and the Map of Tan Qixiang all write "Tong Huibao". But some scholars think it is "Tong Huai Bao". People may think that it is a fortress on the road from Fort Ding Rong to Fort Hu Airong, so it is called "Tonghuai Fort". It is also possible to have Tonghui Fort before Dingrong and Hu Airong Fort, so it is called Tonghui Fort. If you examine and explain carefully, you will learn a lot.

Many people think that the word "temple" was invented or used by Buddhism. The places where Buddhist monks live are usually called temples, courtyards and churches-such as Lingyin Temple in Hangzhou and Shaolin Temple in Henan. But before Buddhism was introduced, there were already "temples" in China. At that time, temples had nothing to do with religion. Shuowen explains the meaning of "temple" in this way: "the temple, the court and the judges." Others said: "Temple, governance, officials." Simply put, temples used to be official offices. Careful observation of the structure of the word "temple" reveals that it is composed of two characters: one is inch and the other is earth. Every inch of land also belongs to the monarch, and it is an official position that obeys and works for the monarch. The pronunciation of "temple" is "yes", which means that the temple only needs to obey the will and be reasonable. In ancient times, there was a yamen called "Dali Temple", which was equivalent to the modern Supreme Court and was responsible for hearing some prison cases. History can be traced back to the Qin and Han Dynasties. Buddhism was introduced into China in the early Eastern Han Dynasty. When we look up the word "Fu Temple", it is very clear: Sangong lives in the mansion and Jiuqing lives in the temple. Later, the house was generalized, and only those with a little status dared to call it a house, and the temple was also generalized, that is, a temple. Jiuqing is what we often hear: Taichang, Wei Wei, Zong Zheng, Taifu, Dali, Si Nong and so on. The most famous is Dali, who is in charge of the prison. In the 10th year of Yongping in the Eastern Han Dynasty (AD 67), Emperor Hanming built the first official Buddhist building in China. At that time, the department responsible for receiving monks from the western regions was called crack hon temple. This building is also called "Temple", which is the White Horse Temple. Because during the reign of Emperor Han Ming, the Tianzhu monk Mo Teng came to Luoyang from the Western Regions, rode a white horse to the East, and initially lived in the "Split Temple" in Luoyang. Later, crack hon temple was rebuilt and named "White Horse Temple". So the temple became the floorboard of the monk's residence. In Sanskrit, "temple" is called Sangha Lamma, which means the garden where monks live. After Sui and Tang Dynasties, temples became less and less official, and gradually became a special term for Buddhist architecture in China. From here on, "temple" has a new meaning, not only referring to official offices, but also to Buddhist temple buildings. In ancient times, the two coexisted and did not conflict, but in modern times, no one named the official position "temple". Over time, people have become accustomed to the idea that "temples" only represent Buddhist architecture.

There is also a saying that in ancient times, a post station was set up every 30 miles and a temple was set up every 12 hours to manage the place or receive outsiders. The Buddhist temple is located in the ferry area of the ancient Silk Road, at the mouth of the Yellow River, and on the other side is the steep Pingchuan City. The steep cities are Yin Yin and Liuzhou. What is the relationship between the functions of these two ancient cities and Buddhist temples? Where is the written evidence that the Buddhist Temple and the Fashen Temple are the front and back yards? Is there any connection between Famen Temple and Famen Temple? Is it just a coincidence that the three triangle cities of Santan Yinyue, Anmen County and Mozigou are just triangles? These are the topics that have been debated and studied by experts and scholars who have been discussing local historical geography recently. Look forward to unveiling the veil as soon as possible.

Professor Bian Qiang from the former Gansu Provincial Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology, when reading my post about splitting Buddhist temples, left a message saying that there was an analysis of the local pronunciation of Pipo Temple, and suddenly felt that its title might come from the sound of the Buddhist classic Sanskrit name Pipo Dead Buddha, also called Pi Bo Dead Buddha, Pipo Dead Buddha, Guan Sheng Buddha and Vivi Buddha. Free translation means winning the Buddha's point of view, looking at the Buddha in a clean way, looking at the Buddha in Katsumi and looking at the Buddha in various ways. That is, the Buddha that appeared in the solemn robbery that year. The theory of great wisdom used to be called the first of seven buddha. This Buddha became a Taoist under Apollo's Polo tree. According to Buddhist scriptures, he held three meetings, the first time with 160,000 disciples, the second with 100,000 disciples and the third with 80,000 disciples. There are two disciples, one is Qiancha and the other is Tishe. There is a deacon disciple named Worry-Free. Life expectancy is 80,000 years. The book "The Wishing Sutra of the Tibetan Bodhisattva" records that "the name of the Buddha is IX, and there is a Buddha who died, named Pipo. No matter men or women, if they hear the name of Buddha, they will never fall into evil ways, but will always be born into heaven and win wonderful music. " Buddhism spread eastward to China. In the past, Buddhist beliefs have been worshipped by many believers since Wei, Jin, Tang and Song Dynasties, and the name of the temple may also come from this. Professor Bian's statement is also worthy of reference and discussion by interested people.

There are forests and caves in front of the cliff of the mountain temple.

The heart is fragrant and worships Buddha, and there is no other thoughts in the body.

There used to be an Anning primary school in Rifo Temple, but it was later moved away, and now it is an Anning cultural compound. It is unlucky to start digging in the Buddhist temple. In the northeast of the site of the chopped Buddhist temple, the caves dug on the cliff are very small, generally only one or two people are allowed to enter and leave, but there is a world inside, as small as a dozen square meters and as large as dozens of hundreds of square meters. It hangs halfway up the mountain, and there is no sidewalk, so it can only pass by rope. This is a refuge for robbers and bandits.

A large number of outstanding talents have emerged in Buddhist temples. Among them, Zhu Mingxin, the president of the CPPCC, who was elected as a member of the CPPCC with 1955, is known as an outstanding figure in the city. There are General Zhang Zhenyu, the founding father, Wan Shixun, a famous water conservancy expert, workers, peasants and intellectuals from all walks of life, all fronts and all fields, civil servants who serve the people, teachers who teach and educate people, experts and scholars, hard-working farmers and rich leaders!

Few people tore down Buddhist temples before. After the reform and opening-up, the hardworking, brave and self-reliant split Buddhist temples were closely United, and Qi Xin made concerted efforts to build the Wanjiaping Water Conservancy Project. Now, the fields are beautifully woven, the fertile fields are fragrant, the pastoral charm is strong, the white walls are covered with tiles, and the water is flowing. Wanjiaping is also a beautiful picture of "beautiful countryside, mellow culture, affluent economy, beautiful life and beautiful countryside". It gives people a place where they can see mountains and water, and remember to live in homesickness. The original local flavor, farming culture, Buddhist culture, red culture, Yellow River culture and many other atmospheres, as well as the quiet natural "oxygen bar", make people relaxed and happy.

Thick ink redraws a new scene, and green water and green mountains bring smiles. I believe that one day, the ancient name of the Split Buddhist Temple, the people of the Split Buddhist Temple, and even the people of Santan will be very popular if they tap these numerous cultural resources, promote the transformation of rural tourism, create a leisure local culture, and create an "ancient rhyme split Buddhist Temple"!

About the author: He Puyu, male, from Jingyuan, Gansu, with a college degree, party member, a senior agricultural technician, a member of Gansu Writers Association and a correspondent of Gansu News Network. He has published more than 100 essays with a million words or more in New Gansu Gansu News Network, Gansu Daily, Western Prose, Gansu Farmer's Daily, Baiyin Weekly, Baiyin Daily, Baiyin Evening News and Humanities Baiyin. He is the author of the collection of essays "The Heritage of the Yellow River".