The life of the character
grow up
Cai Wenji was born in Chenliu (now Qixian County, Kaifeng, Henan Province) at the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, and his father was Cai Yong, a famous man at that time. Cai Yong is a great writer and calligrapher. Liang Wudi called him: "The book of Cai Yong is full of vigor and vitality, and it is refreshing." Fan Wenlan, a contemporary historian, said: "The art of writing in the Han Dynasty reached its highest level when Cai Yong wrote the Shijing." His calligraphy is neat but not dull, quiet and vivid. In addition to the Book of Songs in Jiaping, it is said that Cao E's tablet was also written by him, with natural composition, strong brushwork and ups and downs of words, without seeking beauty, but with simple and innocent interest. Cai Wenji was born in such a family. It is natural that he is knowledgeable, literate, good at poetry and prose, articulate and cadence. It can be said that Cai Wenji had a happy childhood, but the changes of the times interrupted this happiness. The corruption of the Eastern Han government eventually led to the Yellow Scarf Uprising, which strengthened the local forces represented by powerful landlords. After the general blades were killed by eunuchs, Yuan Shao, Cao Cao and other blades will be killed in Luoyang. After Dong Zhuo entered Beijing, in order to consolidate his rule, he deliberately wooed Cai Yong, a famous man in Beijing, to worship the corps commander three times a day. Later, he even named him Levin Hou. Dong Zhuo's retrogression in North Korea caused the joint opposition of various local forces. Dong Zhuo burned Luoyang and moved to Chang 'an. Dong Zhuo was killed by Lu Bu. Cai Yong was also punished by Tingwei, and Cai Yong asked him to cut off his head in order to complete the history of the Han Dynasty. The literati also expressed sympathy and saved him. Maribe even said, "Is it disappointing that Boyi learns from the world and punishes him?" But in the end, he is bound to die, leaving many topics for discussion, saying that he is a "writer with San Lv and filial piety". Comparing him to Qu Yuan in composition, comparing him to Zeng Shen and filial son, there must be many people who speak ill of him.
Marry far away
Cai Wenji married for the first time, far away from Hedong Jia Wei. Her husband Wei Zhongdao is an outstanding scholar in the university. Unfortunately, the good times did not last long. Less than a year later, Wei Zhongdao died of hemoptysis. They had no children and were rejected by the Wei family. They thought she "killed her husband". At that time, Cai Wenji, who was young and arrogant, couldn't stand such a supercilious look. In spite of her father's objection, she went home angrily.
After Dong Zhuo's death, his ministry captured Chang 'an again with Li Jue and others, which eventually led to a scuffle between warlords. Fan seized the opportunity to plunder soldiers in the Central Plains. In "The Midlands are fragile, all the soldiers are Hu Qiang, they hunt the besieged city vertically, and they know what they are going to do." Horses hang heads, horses carry women, and they drive into the desert with many obstacles. "Due to the situation, Cai Wenji and many captured women were taken to South Xiongnu. This mentality can be imagined. At the beginning, Xi Junhe married Wusun Wang, and Wang Zhaojun married Hu Hanxie. Finally, they pay attention to their own status, but because they are far away from their hometown, they have an infinite desolation, and Cai Wenji is still plundered! Suffering from the abuse and flogging of soldiers, she stepped into an uncertain future. She is twenty-three years old and has been away for twelve years. In this 12 year, she married Xiongnu Zuo and suffered the pain of living in a foreign land. Of course, she also gave birth to two sons for Zuo. The older one is Adiguai, and the younger one is Ameguai. She also learned to play Hu Jia and learned some foreign languages. In this 12 year, Cao Cao basically wiped out the northern heroes, welcomed Emperor Han Xian from Chang 'an to Xuchang, and later moved to Luoyang. Cao Cao became the prime minister, holding the emperor to make princes. Once a person can catch his breath, he can think of the past, especially when he is full of ambition. In this memory, he remembered the teaching of his childhood teacher Cai Yong. When he learned that Cai Yong's daughter was arrested in South Xiongnu, he immediately sent Zhou Jin as a special envoy to redeem her with two hundred gold and a pair of white walls. It is painful for Cai Wenji to be plundered for many years. Now, once she wants to end her life for 12 years, she will leave her left and her two innocent sons, and she can't say whether she is sad or happy. She only felt heartbroken and tearful. At the urging of Ambassador China, she boarded the bus in a trance and lived with the wheels turning 12 years. After the southern Huns arrived in Cai Wenji, they rolled reed leaves on the moonlit night, making a plaintive sound, imitating Cai Wenji's "Eighteen Beats of Hu Jia" and becoming an enduring local tune. Playing "Hu Jia Shi Ba Pa" with Zheng is a very popular musical instrument in the Central Plains. It is said that this fashion in the Central Plains began with her last husband, Dong Si. Cai Wenji is miserable. "Returning home" and "mother-child reunion" are both beautiful, and everyone should enjoy them, but she can't have both. Cai Wenji returned to his hometown of Chenliu County under the protection of Zhou Jin, but broken walls had nowhere to live. Under the arrangement of Cao Cao, she married Dongsi, a captain officer in abel tamata. She was thirty-five years old this year. In 208 AD, the famous "Battle of Red Cliffs" broke out.
Xie Daowen was a talented woman in Wei and Jin Dynasties. Her father is Xie Yi, the general of Jinanxi, and her husband is Wang Ningzhi, the secretariat of Jiangzhou. She has been clever and eloquent since she was a child. Among the gentry in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, two families were the largest gentry in the north: Xie An attached great importance to military merits, while Wang's policy focused on the doctrine of the mean and infighting. However, after all, talented woman Xie Daowen became the daughter-in-law of scholar Wang Xizhi and the wife of Wang Ningzhi.
Xie Daowen is extremely clever and brilliant. Her uncle Xie An once asked her, "What is the best sentence of Shi Mao?" A: "Jifu sang a song, as quiet as the breeze. Zhongshan always comforts himself. " Ann praised her for her elegance. Once Xie An called a daughter's nephew to talk about the meaning of paper, and suddenly it began to snow. Ann asked, "What is snow like?" My nephew Xie Lang replied, "The air difference of salt spraying can be simulated." Tao Yun said, "If catkins are not caused by the wind." An Dayue's famous sentence of singing snow is well known.
Xie Daowen is good at poetry and prose, and Liu Xiao quotes the Collection of Women in Shi Shuo Xin Yu Yu Yan, saying that he is a literary talent, and his poems, essays and lawsuits are handed down from generation to generation. According to Sui Shu Jing Ji Zhi, there are two volumes of poems in her works, which have been lost. Yiwen preserved his two poems, Mountaineering (also known as Poems of Mount Tai) and Song of Three Chants, and accepted his Analects.
Xie Daowen's calligraphy is also praised by later generations. Zhang Huaiguan in Tang Dynasty called his calligraphy "highly valued by his uncle" in Shu Duan. Li Simiao, a native of the Tang Dynasty, called his calligraphy "graceful and elegant, and his makeup can be played". Xie Daowen and her husband Wang Ningzhi have four sons and a daughter. Quadrant product, flat, constant, yeah. A woman married Yu when she was an adult. According to the biography of the woman in the Book of Jin, all her children were killed in Sun En's rebellion. Therefore, although she was born in a famous family, she was also ill-fated.
Xue Tao (about 768 ~ 832) was a poetess in the Tang Dynasty. Chang 'an (now Xi, Shaanxi) people.
Father Xue Yun entered Shu as an official, and his wife and daughter lived in Shu after his death. When I was a child, I lived in Chengdu with my father. When I was eight or nine years old, I was able to write poetry. When my father died, my family was poor. At the age of sixteen, I fell in love with a music book and never got married after taking off the music book. Later, he settled in Huanhuaxi. Xue Taomei, Minhui, 8 years old, poetic, melodious and talented, became famous for a while. During the Zhenyuan period of Dezong (785 ~ 804), Wei Gao, the envoy of Nanxichuan in Ren Jian, ordered him to write poems and drink, so he became a musician. Yuan Zi, Liu□, Gao Chongwen, Wu, Li, Duan Wenchang, Du, Guo Zhao, Li Deyu, etc. came to Shuzhong successively, and all went in and out of the shogunate as geisha and diners. Wei Gao once asked the court to grant him the title of minister and provincial school clerk, which failed to come true, but people often called it "girls' school book". Later generations called Geji a "school book", which came from her. Xue Tao's date of birth is unknown. The year of his death was during Duan Wenchang's second visit to Shu, that is, between the sixth year (832) and the ninth year (835) of Daiwa. It was a mistake to say that she was in contact with Gao Pian when Gao Pian was appointed as our ambassador in Sichuan in 874, the first year of Emperor Xuanzong's reign.
Xue Tao and famous poets at that time, such as Yuan Zhen, Bai Juyi, Zhang Ji, Wang Jian, Liu Yuxi, Du Mu, Zhang Hu, etc. There have been paid exchanges. Living in Huanhuaxi, he made his own small pink stationery to write poems. Later generations copied it and called it "Xue". In her later years, she disguised as a Taoist woman, built a poetry building in Bijifang and spent her later years in a quiet life. Wang Jian's poem "Sending Books to Xue Tao in the Middle of Shu" praises: "The books of Wan Li Qiaobian Girls' School are collected in loquat flowers. It's better to lead the spring breeze than to sweep your eyebrows. "
Among the female poets in the Tang Dynasty, Xue Tao and He Yu are the most famous. Xue Tao, Yu and Yu are called the four great poetesses in the Tang Dynasty. Zhuo Wenjun, Xue Tao, Mrs. Hua Rui and Huang Li are also called the four talented women in Sichuan. Xue Tao's poems such as Farewell to Friends and Tizhulang Temple are not only famous for their clear words and beautiful sentences, but also some works with profound thoughts and concern for reality. In feudal times, women, especially women like her, were rare. She has been to Songzhou, which is close to Tubo. There is a poem called "I am pregnant with Wei Linggong when I am sent to the border". The first poem said: "I heard that the border town is suffering, but now I don't know." I have no face to sing under the door and sing with the faucet. " I deeply sympathize with the hard life of border guards. Yang Shen said that it was "a poet's wonder whether there was irony but he didn't reveal it" (Sheng 'an Poetry). The catalogue of Sikuquanshu also thinks that her Bian Bian Lou has far-reaching influence and is beyond the reach of ordinary skirts. Jinjiang Collection consists of five volumes, which have been lost today. The Whole Tang Poetry records his poems 1 volume. Zhang Pengzhou, a close friend, has poems by Xue Tao. For deeds, see Chronicle of Tang Poems and Talented Persons of Tang Dynasty. According to "Poems of Celebrities Return", "Tao knew the tune when he was eight or nine years old. One day, his father was sitting in the court, pointing to say,' The court is divided into ancient trees, hanging dry in the clouds', and let Tao continue to talk, that is, he replied,' The branches welcome the birds in the north and the south, and the leaves supply air. The sudden death of his father "shows his quick thinking." Tao lost his father in his early years and his mother was widowed. They live together and her life is extremely difficult. By the time she was 16 years old, her poems had become household names. Because of her beauty, temperament, eloquence and poetry, she was forced to make a living and became a famous poetess at that time.
Liu (16 18- 1664), a poetess, was born in Jiaxing, Zhejiang. His real name was Yang Ai, later renamed Liu Yin, so he was also called Hedong Jun, and his husband was Qian, assistant minister of Ming and Qing Dynasties. Because she read Xin Qiji's "He Xinlang", "I see how charming Qingshan is, and I expect Qingshan to see me like this", so she named herself like this. Liu was a famous geisha talented woman in Ming and Qing Dynasties. When she was young, she was smart and eager to learn. However, due to her poor family, she was abducted and sold to Wujiang as a maid since she was a child. When she was young, she fell into Zhangtai, changed her name to Liu Yin, and shuttled between Jiangsu, Zhejiang and Jinling in troubled times. She left many anecdotes and literary manuscripts, such as Grass in the Middle of the Lake, No Seal and Letters.
Liu childhood is unfortunate, and his life experience is unknown (his native place is Jiaxing, Zhejiang, Wujiang, Jiangsu and other places). As for why Liu has fallen into the dust, Zhou Caiquan speculated that "gangsters were robbed" and there was no evidence). Xu Fojia, a famous prostitute who sold Shengze to her family in her childhood, was adopted and educated by Xu. When Xin Wei 14 was four years old in Chongzhen of Ming Dynasty, Zhou Daodeng, an old friend of Wujiang, bought it in Goulan. At first, she was a servant girl of the Zhou government, which won the favor of Mrs. Zhou. Later, Zhou Daodeng forced her to be a concubine. In less than a year, she was executed many times because of the harm of Zhou government concubines. Mrs. Zhou stopped her from driving out of the house and selling it to prostitutes. In the fifth year of Chongzhen in Ming Dynasty (AD 1632), Liu went to Songjiang and changed his old name, calling himself "Shadow Pity" to show his self-pity in troubled times. In Songjiang, I associate with Fu She, Ji She He and other party member, often wearing Confucian clothes and men's clothes, and talk about the current situation and sing poems with them. Qian promised to marry him as his wife. In the fourteenth year of Chongzhen in the Ming Dynasty (164 1), Qian, the leader of Changshu, married Liu, who lived in Jiangyunlou and liked to read poems and discuss. Temporarily is a story. When Ming died, Liu advised money to be righteous, but money refused. If he had thrown himself into the lotus pond, he would not have been martyred. Qian Qing was driven back to his hometown and died of depression. The Qian family took the opportunity to force Liu and Hedong Jun to commit suicide. He is 46 years old. He Dong Jun is good at using seven words to approach the body, and he is good at rhyming. Yu Shinan and Chu Suiliang won prizes for their calligraphy. Living in a brothel is the first of the eight beauties in Qinhuai.