Gu/kloc-officially entered school at the age of 0/4, with a good temperament and lofty aspirations. He and fellow countryman Gui Zhuang are close friends, and joined the political and academic group "Fu She" together with him. Both of them have special temperament, which is intolerable to the people in the village. Together, they are called "monsters who return home and take care of them". I studied hard for 14 years, but I made no achievements in the imperial examination. He gradually became indifferent to fame and fortune, so he studied hard and studied hard, laying the foundation for his future academic direction.
After the change of Shen Jiazhi (1644) (that is, Dashun army captured Beijing, Emperor Chongzhen committed suicide in the Ming Dynasty, and then the Qing soldiers entered the customs), Gu actively participated in the anti-Qing struggle in Jiangnan at that time. In A.D. 1645, Qing soldiers crossed the Yangtze River south, captured Nanjing, and massacred it. Fierce anti-Qing struggles broke out all over the south of the Yangtze River. Gu, Gui Zhuang and Wu Qiling revolted in Suzhou and Kunshan successively. After the failure of the uprising, Kunshan fell and more than 40,000 people were killed. Gu's biological mother He was cut off by Qing soldiers, two younger brothers were killed, and her friend Wu Qiling was also arrested. Gu's stepmother Wang went on a hunger strike after learning the news 15 days. At the end of her life, she left her last words to Gu: "Although I am a woman, I owe my country, and I am just to my country. If you don't act as a foreign courtier, if you don't lose the gratitude of the country to the world, if you don't forget the teachings of your ancestors, then I can go underground. " The state's hatred of family feuds and the inheritance of his mother's last words made Gu maintain an attitude of not cooperating with the Qing court all his life. In the following five years, Gu traveled around the coast of Taihu Lake, contacting anti-Qing people all over the country, going through hardships and even being jailed. In this case, it is impossible for him to stay in Jiangnan.
In the fourteenth year of Shunzhi, Gu sold his family property and went north alone, starting a wandering life for the rest of his life. In the past 25 years, he has traveled all over the country, inspected mountains and rivers, local conditions and customs wherever he went, and made friends with teachers and friends to sharpen his knowledge. Later generations recorded that Gu often used mules and horses to carry books on his journey. Wherever he goes, he will visit the local old people, compare what he has seen and heard with the records in the book, and record the differences once they are found. The crystallization of his life's knowledge, Rizhilu, was completed in this process.
In the second half of his life, Gu stuck to his status as a believer and never gave up. In the seventeenth year of Kangxi, at that time, the DPRK proposed to compile the History of Ming Dynasty, which specially offered the subject of erudite poetry and recruited celebrities at home and abroad. Gu's fellow countryman Ye and others jointly recommended him, but Gu's reply was flatly rejected. In the second year, the Qing court refused to give up, so the university student who presided over the compilation of Ming History sent two officers to Huayin and asked Gu to be his assistant in Beijing. Gu swore to death not to be an official. Gu's position of not cooperating with the Qing government is very clear. He didn't associate with the famous ministers of the Qing Dynasty, even with his nephew, a senior official of the Qing court at that time, Xu didn't associate and rarely walked around. On one occasion, Xu insisted on inviting my uncle to be a guest at home. My uncle had no choice but to go, but refused to hold a banquet to show that he was frugal. Later, the Xu brothers bought land for him in the south of the Yangtze River and asked him to go back to his hometown for the elderly many times, but he refused to go back to the south. 1680, Gu and Wang Shuoren died in Kunshan. Gu Yanwu ordered his servants to buy incense sticks and other sacrifices and decorate his wife's coffin. He bowed respectfully and burst into tears. "Gu Zhen alley in jiangcun, send you a six-year-old grandson. When I met my father underground, there was a survivor. " This is Gu's mourning poem. His wife died in a remote town in the south of the Yangtze River, and only his 6-year-old grandson sent her to the grave. When you meet your elderly parents underground, please tell them: I am a survivor of the Ming Dynasty.
"Every man is responsible for the rise and fall of the world." As a scholar in the south of the Yangtze River, Gu stayed in the north for more than 20 years and traveled to the north only to seize the opportunity to overthrow the rule of the Qing Dynasty. His national integrity has always inspired many people with lofty ideals. His political thoughts, especially his national character, played a guiding role in the bourgeois revolution in the late Qing Dynasty. When Zhang, a bourgeois revolutionary, opposed the Qing government, he signed Zhang Jiang and became famous with Gu, which shows the far-reaching influence of Gu's thought.
On the fourth day of the first month of the twenty-first year of Kangxi, Gu stayed at the home of a friend named Han in Quwo, Shaanxi. Unfortunately, he slipped on the horse at the age of 70.