event
1927165438+1October 13, China, Hubei, Huang An (now Hong 'an), Macheng, more than 30,000 farmers' self-guards and volunteers, in the spirit of the "August 7th" meeting of the Party and under the leadership of the Hubei Provincial Committee of the Communist Party of China, launched an attack on Huang An County, which started.
After the establishment of * * * in China, Huang An (now Hong 'an) and Macheng area in Hubei gradually had the influence and activities of * * * *. 1925 autumn and winter, with the development of the Great Revolution, China * * * and the special branch of the Communist Youth League were established in Huang and Ma counties respectively. 1in the spring of 927, the special branch of the party in two counties was changed to the county committee of the Communist Party of China, and the party organizations and peasant associations developed rapidly. More than 90 people from party member joined the peasant associations,180,000 people, and two peasant self-guards with a total of more than 300 people were established. In April and July of the same year, Chiang Kai-shek and Wang Jingwei openly rebelled and slaughtered the revolutionary masses. Party organizations in Huang and Ma counties, relying on the armed forces of the masses and the peasant self-defense forces, fought resolutely against the local reactionary forces and cultivated and preserved a number of backbone forces. In September, the CPC Huang An and Macheng county committees held an autumn harvest uprising according to the spirit of the August 7th meeting in the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the instructions of the CPC Hubei Provincial Committee. However, due to the lack of experience in leading the uprising, the revolutionary regime and the revolutionary army were not established in time, and the disturbance of the 30 th Army of the Kuomintang army quickly brought the uprising to a halt.
In mid-June+10, 5438, the Hubei Provincial Committee of the Communist Party of China learned that there were still a considerable number of armed forces and a good mass base in the two counties of Jute, so it sent Fu Xiangyi, Liu, Liu, Wang Zhiren to strengthen the leadership of the uprising in Huangma and Ma areas, set up the Jute Special Zone Committee with Fu Xiangyi as its secretary, and set up the Jute Uprising Command with Pan Zhongru as its chief commander to actively prepare for the uprising. 165438+ 10 On March 3, the jute special committee held a meeting in Qiliping, and decided to take the county as the forerunner, the peasant self-defense forces in the two counties as the backbone, and the masses cooperated with each other. 13 At the beginning of the uprising, the General Command mobilized all the peasant self-defense forces in Huang An, two peasant self-defense forces in Macheng and more than a thousand peasant volunteers in Qiliping and Ziyun districts to form a siege team.
In addition, Macheng Peasant Self-Defense Force 1 platoon was deployed in Beijie River at the junction of Huang (An), Guang (Shan) and Ma (Cheng) as a warning to prevent the Red Gun Society in Guangshan County, Henan Province from being disturbed. In the afternoon 10, with the cooperation of farmers, the uprising team marched from Qiliping to Huang' ancheng. 14 in the early morning, the siege team climbed the ladder from the northwest to seize the north gate, then broke into the city, occupied the county government, police station and wiped out the county guard, captured the county magistrate, local tyrants and evil gentry and other officials alive 10, seized more than 30 rifles and more than 90 boxes of bullets, and took control of the whole city. Later, I learned that the 30th Army 1 Regiment of the Kuomintang Army was marching into Huang An. In order to avoid the enemy's sharp edge, the siege team withdrew to Qiliping on the same day. Fearing that the uprising troops would attack again, the Kuomintang troops that invaded Huang An abandoned the city and fled, and retreated at night the next day. 18 county farmers' government was established, with Cao as the chairman. Then, according to the instructions of the Hubei Provincial Committee of the Communist Party of China, the Chinese Communist Party Jute Special Committee formed more than 300 peasant self-guards in Jute County, which came to cooperate with the uprising, and formed a peasant self-guard in Huangpi County, and formed the revolutionary army of workers and peasants-Edong Army, which was under the jurisdiction of 1 2 Road. Pan Zhongru is the commander in chief and Dai Kemin is the party representative. 165438+1On October 27th, reactionary forces colluded with more than 400 people of the 30th Independent Brigade of the Kuomintang Army and invaded Huang. With the help of the people, the first army in eastern Hubei repelled it. On February 5th, 65438, the Kuomintang army followed 12 instructors and raided Huang 'an City via Songbu and Yinjiahe. The Eastern Hubei Army underestimated the enemy's situation, stuck to the city, and was forced to break through because of the disparity in numbers and serious casualties. Pan Zhongru died in the battle. Later, the local party organization and the Eastern Hubei Army held a meeting in Mucheng Village, northern Huang An, and decided to keep some people fighting on the spot, concentrate 72 people, carry 53 long and short guns, and move to Mulan Mountain in Huangpi County to carry out guerrilla activities.
1928 65438+ 10, the Eastern Hubei Army was reorganized into the Seventh Army of the Chinese Workers and Peasants Revolutionary Army in Mulan Mountain, Huangpi, with Wu Guanghao as the commander and Dai Kemin as the party representative. At the beginning of March, in order to deal with the siege of the Kuomintang army, the Seventh Army organized four short spear teams, and adopted the tactics of "working day and night, attacking from far and near, advancing from south to north, and making a diversion from the East", and carried out guerrilla warfare in Huangpi, Xiaogan, Huanggang, Luotian, Huang An, Macheng and other counties. In May, the Seventh Army entered the Chaishanbao area in the south of Guangshan County, Henan Province, mobilized the masses, established base areas, and embarked on the road of border armed separation. In July, the Seventh Army was reorganized into the 3rd1Division of the 11th Army of the Chinese Workers and Peasants Red Army. By May of 1929, the Red 3 1 division had grown to nearly 400 people, and the Soviet area in the Hubei-Henan border region with Chaishanbao as the center and more than 50 kilometers in vertical and horizontal directions was initially built. The Red Army and the Soviet Area founded by the Jute Uprising are important sources and components of the Fourth Army of the Chinese Workers and Peasants Red Army and the Hubei, Henan and Anhui Soviet Area.
Important member
The jute uprising produced counties and generals such as Hong 'an, Macheng and Huangpi.
Hongan nationality
Country ***(2 persons): Dong and Li Xiannian.
Admiral 10:
Guo, Zhou Chunquan, Han Xianchu, Chen Xilian, Liu Huaqing, Qin Jiwei, Xie Fuzhi.
Lieutenant general 12:
, Zhan,,,, Xu Binzhou,, Wang Jinshan,, Nie Fengzhi, Liu Changyi.
Major General 52:
Cheng Ruzhen, Han Weimin, Yuan, Jin,, Geng Xixiang, Li Xifu, Zou Guohou, Xu, He Jian, Xiong Yingtang, Cheng, Yin Guohong, Lu Yanqiu, Zhang Tianshu, Zheng Guozhong, Kuang Yuchun, Qin Guangyuan, Chen Meizao, Li Dingzhuo, jiang bo, Liu Fusheng, Zhao Heting, Ma Bo, Xie Zhengrong, Zhou Heting.
In addition, there are 150 leading cadres at the provincial (ministerial) level.
Macheng nationality
General 1:
Wang Shusheng;
Admiral 2:
Wang Hongkun, Chen Zaidao.
Lieutenant General 7:
Wang Bicheng, Li Chengfang, Zhang Caiqian, Zhou Xihan, Bao Xianzhi, Zheng Weishan, Zhang Chiming.
Major General 25:
Ding,, Feng Renen, Zhu Huohua, Zhu, Jiang Honghai, Xiao Yongzheng, Yu Shusheng, She Jide, Zhang Hancheng, Zhang Peirong, Zhang Hou Ji, Zhou Chunlin, Zhao Binglun, Zhu Shifeng, Hu Lisheng, Yuan Bin, Gao Zhirong, Gao Lizhong, Xu Qixiao, etc.
There are nearly 100 leading cadres at the provincial (ministerial) level, namely: Ding Constitution, Ding Xiande, Ding Ruqing, Wang Xuan, Wang, Wang Hongqing, Wang Enhou, Wang Derun, Fang Jingying, Deng, Yin, Ran Guangfu, Feng, Zhu Gongfu, Zhu Rongchang, Zhu Wu Huiwen and Zhu Rongchang. Xiao Yonghan, Xiao Zhigong, He, Qiu Zilin, Qiu Yuzhu, Zhang Yi, Zhang Shigong, Zhang Xingkai, Zhang Liangde, Zhang Zhigong, Chen Yi, Chen Yin, Chen Wenqi, Chen Wengao, Chen Shiquan, Chen Zejin, Chen Mingchi, Chen Ming, Yi Yi, Yi Lianghua Dong Anyi, Dong Jiayi, Cheng Ben, Cheng Zai.
Huangpi nationality
General 1:
Xu Haidong
Lieutenant General 4:
Zhou Zhijian, Du Yide, Chen Qingxian, Han Wei,
Major general 12:
Lei Shaokang, Ning Xianwen, Yuan,,, Chen Fuchu,,, Fang, Tang Kai, Tong Lusheng.
During the Agrarian Revolution: Pan Zhongru (commander-in-chief of Jute Uprising), Wu Guanghao (deputy commander-in-chief of Jute Uprising, founder of Red Army and Hubei-Henan Revolutionary Base) and Liu Guanglie (deputy commander-in-chief of Jute Uprising). Generals from dozens of other provinces.
Historical significance
Jute Uprising is the largest peasant armed uprising held in the north of the Yangtze River for the first time after Nanchang Uprising and Autumn Harvest Uprising led by China, and it is an important part of the overall layout of the armed uprising led by the Party under the guidance of the spirit of the August 7th Conference. It started the armed struggle, agrarian revolution and Soviet regime construction in Hubei, Henan and Anhui, played a leading role in the establishment of the revolutionary base areas in Hubei, Henan and Anhui and the Red Fourth Front Army, and wrote a glorious page in the revolutionary history of China. Jute Uprising and its subsequent revolutionary struggle held high a glorious revolutionary banner. After the defeat of the Great Revolution, the heroic jute people were not intimidated by the bloody slaughter of Kuomintang reactionaries. They wiped away the blood, took up arms and continued fighting. Under the guidance of the spirit of the August 7th meeting, they rose up and held high the banner of our party "opposing armed counter-revolution with armed revolution" and fired the first shot at the Kuomintang reactionaries in Hubei, Henan and Anhui. Since then, the armed struggle led by the party in this area has continued until the national liberation. 1932 10 after the main force of the Red Fourth Army marched westward, the revolutionary forces left behind rebuilt the Red 25th Army and persisted in fighting in the Dabie Mountains. 1934 1 1 After the Long March of the Red 25 th Army, the reorganized Red 28 th Army, local guerrillas and plainclothes teams still persisted in guerrilla warfare for three years. During War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression and the War of Liberation, it was also the main area where the Fifth Division of the New Fourth Army launched guerrilla warfare against Japan, and it was the main foothold for Liu Deng's army to advance into Dabie Mountain.
Jute Uprising and its subsequent revolutionary struggles laid a solid revolutionary foundation. Jute Uprising laid the initial foundation of Hubei, Henan and Anhui revolutionary base areas, and it was also the historical starting point of Sichuan-Shaanxi revolutionary base areas. After the Jute Uprising, the revolutionary army of workers and peasants turned to guerrilla warfare, and then opened up a revolutionary base area in the Hubei-Henan border region centered on Chaishanbao. /kloc-in the spring of 0/930, the three base areas of Hubei-Henan Border Region, Southeast Henan and West Anhui merged to form the revolutionary base area of Hubei-Henan-Anhui, which is one of the six Soviet areas in China and the second largest revolutionary base area after the central base area. The Central Committee of the Communist Party of China spoke highly of its strategic position, pointing out that it "can control Pinghan Railway with one hand and cut off the traffic of the Yangtze River with the other, which directly threatens Wuhan and has the prospect of being integrated with the red areas of the country". Hong 'an is the cradle and early center of Hubei, Henan and Anhui revolutionary base areas. After the main force of the Red Fourth Front Army carried out the strategic shift to the west, it also established the Sichuan-Shaanxi revolutionary base area. The Red Fourth Front Army, formed in the Jute Uprising and developed by the Eastern Hubei Army, has successively opened up two Soviet areas, which is a great contribution to the China revolution.
Jute Uprising and its subsequent revolutionary struggle created a revolutionary army capable of fighting. During the Jute Uprising and its struggle in the base areas of Hubei, Henan and Anhui, three Red Army appeared. The first was 193 1 year1October 7th in Huang An, the second was 19321October 30th in Huang An, and the third was 65438.
Jute Uprising and its subsequent revolutionary struggles have created a large number of outstanding revolutionary talents. Among them, there are 4 members of the Party and the state emerging from the Jute Uprising, and 25 founding generals (including 2 generals, 6 generals, 6 lieutenant generals, and Major General 1 1 person); As the origin of the jute uprising, Hong 'an County is not only the central area of the revolutionary base in Hubei, Henan and Anhui and the birthplace of the Red Fourth Army, but also produced two presidents of the Republic, Dong and Li Xiannian, 6 1 generals (including 8 generals, 8 lieutenant generals 10 and 43 major generals), and more than 654.38+million revolutionary people died, and 22,000 recorded martyrs died.
Jute Uprising not only ignited the beacon of the armed revolution of workers and peasants in Dabie Mountain with blood and life, but also gradually formed a unique revolutionary spirit of Jute Uprising in the uprising and subsequent struggle practice. This is: keep up with the party and have a firm belief; Not afraid of strong enemies, struggling to survive; Seeking truth from facts and being brave in innovation; Everything is for the people and everything depends on the people; Selfless dedication and hard work.
Revolutionary martyr cemetery
Jute Uprising and Revolutionary Martyrs Cemetery in Hubei, Henan and Anhui Soviet Area is located atNo. 1, Cemetery Avenue, Chengguan Town, Hong 'an County, Huanggang City, Hubei Province. It was expanded on the basis ofNo. 1990, to commemorate the martyrs who died in the Jute Uprising and the revolutionary struggle in Hubei, Henan and Anhui Soviet Area. It was built in 1956, completed in 1980, expanded in 1990, and 1989 was listed as the protected unit of the State Council key martyrs cemetery. There are many memorial buildings in the cemetery, such as Martyrs Monument, Martyrs' Shrine, Martyrs' Tomb, Revolutionary Martyrs Memorial Hall, Red Army Cadre Ashes Hall, Hong 'an Revolutionary Museum, Li Xiannian Memorial Hall and Dong Memorial Hall. More than 230 relics, photos, poems and sculptures of famous martyrs are exhibited in the Revolutionary Martyrs Memorial Hall.
There are more than 30 revolutionary sites in Macheng, such as "Riding Hall", the former site where Macheng County Committee conveyed the spirit of the August 7th Conference, Macheng Revolutionary Martyrs Cemetery, Macheng Museum, Wang Shusheng Memorial Hall and General Xu Cemetery.