1. 1 Safety accidents have a great impact on social security.
In the competition of market economy, enterprises aim at maximizing profits, but at the same time, they should not forget the social responsibility that enterprises should bear in society; If the enterprise pursues profits unilaterally for the owner's own interests in construction, and does not invest in safety construction costs and safety personnel and equipment that should be equipped, it will lead to major safety accidents, intensify social contradictions, and obviously destroy social harmony and cause social instability.
On1October 20th, 2004, 10, a gas explosion occurred in Daping Coal Mine, Henan Province, and 148 people were killed. 165438+1On October 28th, a gas explosion occurred in Chenjiashan Coal Mine in Shaanxi Province, killing 166 people; Before the Spring Festival in 2005 was over, a more painful mine accident occurred in Fuxin, Liaoning Province, with 2 14 people killed. According to the statistics of the State Administration of Work Safety, there were 3,639 accidents and 6,027 deaths in coal mines last year. Every major safety accident will inevitably have a huge impact on society and cause a bad impact. Statistics show that safety accidents have become the "number one killer" of accidental deaths of employees in China. Every time a major safety accident occurs, one fresh life disappears instantly, which is heartbreaking. Safety is not the dazzling aura of enterprises, but the soul of enterprise construction and the catalyst of economic benefits, and it is the cornerstone of the stability and harmony of the whole society.
Here are some examples of construction safety accidents: (1) China Architectural News 20065438+0 65438+Why did the gantry crane collapse on February 27th? "200 1" reported that 17 at 8: 00 am on July 8, a gantry crane being installed in Shanghai Hudong Shipyard collapsed. This heavy punch splashed the morning light everywhere, making the whole Shanghai tremble. This is the worst accident this year. The accident not only caused economic losses of hundreds of millions of yuan, but also claimed 36 precious lives, including an associate professor, a doctor and two postdoctoral fellows, and the cost was very high. Some people use experience instead of science, negligence instead of rigor, and illegal command instead of norms and procedures, which eventually led to this catastrophic accident. If the accident was caused by technical reasons, so many people died of management reasons. Among the people who died in this accident was an associate professor of the university and a doctor. Although they have advanced science and technology, they lack management experience, risk awareness and safety awareness in site construction. Therefore, how to improve safety awareness and ensure construction safety is not only a compulsory course for ordinary workers, but also a compulsory course for technicians who master modern science and technology.
(2) On April 7th, 2007, china construction news reported in the first edition of Five Sentences Sentenced in Final Judgment of Xixi Construction Site Collapse that eight construction workers were killed and two-thirds of them were injured in Xixi Construction Site Collapse in Xidan North Street. The court found that Li Lejun, as the chief civil engineer and the auditor of the formwork support construction design scheme, asked the labor service team to build the formwork support according to the scheme before the scheme was approved. Yang knew that there were problems in the design scheme of formwork support construction, but he did not take measures against the construction behavior that violated the working procedure, which caused serious security risks in the formwork support system. Without the written approval of the supervisor, Hu Gang stopped the formwork support construction in violation of the procedure and organized the concrete pouring operation under the condition that the support construction project was not accepted by the supervisor; Lu Sanjin did not perform his duties according to the regulations, and acquiesced in the template support construction by the project department knowing that the template support construction design scheme was not approved and the template support already built had serious security risks; Wu Yajun didn't perform his duties seriously, and he still didn't stop it knowing that the design scheme of formwork support construction was not approved, the formwork support erected had serious security risks, and the construction party poured concrete. The Beijing No.1 Intermediate People's Court recently issued a final verdict on this case, and Li Lejun and other five people were sentenced.
(3) china construction news1October 27th 165438+27 reported on the front page that Henan handled six major casualty accidents in the first half of 2006:1October 20th 165438+20, the Construction Department of Henan Province held a provincial construction safety interview to handle six major casualty accidents in the first half of this year. 14 In March, Zhengzhou Zhongxing Real Estate Commercial and Residential Building Project undertaken by a company in Zhengzhou 1 person fell from a height and died. The company was suspended from bidding for three months and the project manager was suspended from bidding for one year. 16 In March, the project of Mingyuan Industrial City constructed by a company in Pingdingshan was not firmly fixed, resulting in 3 deaths and/kloc-0 burns. The company's bidding qualification was suspended for one year, and the enterprise qualification was reduced to tentative level 3. On March 25th, a company in Zhengzhou undertook the project of Jiaozuo Chiba Cement Company, and the driver died when the crane pile machine slipped. The company was suspended from bidding for three months. On April 1 day, a migrant worker was killed by a collapsed brick wall in the King's Landing Square project in Luoyang. The company was suspended from bidding for three months and the project manager was suspended from bidding for one year. On May 6th, a tower crane collapsed in Jiyuan New City Garden Project constructed by a company in Jiyuan, killing two people. The company was suspended from bidding for half a year. A company in Jiyuan was downgraded, tentatively to level 3.
(4) Architectural Times (20061October 614) reported that four people fell to their deaths at the construction site of Guangzhou University Town, and an accident occurred at the construction site of the gymnasium in the south campus of Guangdong University of Foreign Studies. A hanging basket operating system broke the cable, and four workers fell from a height of 30 meters and died on the spot. After preliminary verification, this is a vicious accident that disobeys the government supervision and on-site supervision, and the construction unit violates the rules at will. A company responsible for the construction of steel grid structure (Zhejiang Southeast Grid Structure Co., Ltd.) ignored the written notice from the quality supervision department and the supervision unit for six times, disobeyed the on-site warning, changed the original approved full-house scaffold construction scheme without authorization, and forcibly used the hanging basket with potential safety hazards. In the afternoon, the supervisor and supervisor had an accident without authorization after work. After receiving the report, Guangzhou Municipal Party Committee Secretary Zhu and Mayor Zhang Guangning attached great importance to it, and instructed the competent government departments to organize relevant units to do a good job in the aftermath, thoroughly investigate the cause of the accident, implement the accountability system, and seriously investigate the responsibilities of the responsible units and responsible persons, and asked all units in the city to draw inferences from others, strengthen management, and prevent similar accidents from happening. Chen, the relevant person in charge of the University Town Construction Command and vice president of Guangwai, revealed in an interview that due to the brutal construction of the construction unit, the supervision unit and the owner unit officially issued a document yesterday, asking the other party to rectify. However, the other party not only refused to accept that the hanging basket with serious safety hazards started manned construction yesterday, but also had a major accident on the first day. After the incident, Ling Weixian, executive vice mayor of Guangzhou, arrived at the scene at the first time and put forward five requirements and opinions, including that the project contractor should properly handle the funeral matters of the dead and wounded and the family members' appeasement; From now on, thoroughly investigate all the projects of the construction unit in Guangzhou and immediately stop work for rectification; Stop all bidding projects undertaken by the construction unit in Guangzhou; Find out the cause of the accident and report to the municipal government in time. If the general contractor is jointly and severally liable, it shall be investigated for joint and several liability. The enterprise was cleared out of the Guangzhou market and lost the qualification to operate the construction business, which had a great negative impact on the society.
1.2 safety accidents have a great impact on enterprise economy.
According to a large number of media reports, every major safety accident is disastrous for enterprises. After many coal mine accidents, the result is not only to suspend production for rectification, but also to permanently seal the mine and prohibit further mining. A major safety accident occurred in a large construction company, resulting in a direct economic loss of 20 million yuan; Its business qualification was reduced from Grade I to Grade II, and bidding was suspended for half a year. It is almost impossible to build a new project within one year, because the reputation of enterprises in society has fallen to the extreme, and no one will hand over the project to them for construction, which will lead to a sharp decline in the benefits of enterprises, huge economic losses for employees and great destructive power to the creation of a harmonious society. Therefore, only in a safe social environment can a harmonious society provide good construction conditions for enterprises.
2. Countermeasures for enterprises to do a good job in safety production
2. 1 The government should set about establishing a legal system for safe construction.
Fairness, justice and justice required by a harmonious society require the government to gradually establish a complete legal system to properly coordinate the interests of all sectors of society, correctly handle various contradictions, and effectively safeguard and realize social fairness and justice. Due to many factors, such as productivity and social development level, the safety buildings in China have been in poor condition since 1990s. One of the important reasons is that the legal construction of safety construction is lagging behind, the legislation of safety construction is not perfect, the basic management system and supervision measures have not been legalized, the legal framework of safety construction has not yet been formed, the safety construction of construction units lacks strict legal norms, the obligations and responsibilities of enterprises to ensure safety construction are not clear, and the concept of engaging in construction business activities according to law and ensuring safety has not been firmly established. The legal awareness of national safety construction is relatively weak, and the social atmosphere of paying attention to safety and caring for life has not yet formed. The State Council's Decision on Further Strengthening Work Safety in 2004 10/9 pointed out that doing a good job in work safety and ensuring the safety of people's lives and property embodies the fundamental interests of the overwhelming majority of the people, is an organic part of implementing the sustainable development strategy, is the basic task of the government to fulfill its social management and market supervision functions, and is the basic requirement for the survival and development of enterprises. Safety construction is the basic policy and established national policy of the party and the country. Safety first and prevention first is the consistent policy of the party and the country. China's constitution clearly enshrines the principle of safeguarding citizens' basic human rights and adhering to the people-oriented principle in the fundamental law of the country, and determines that safeguarding personal and property safety is the basic right of citizens. With the development of social economy, as a basic policy and established national policy to protect human rights, develop economy and maintain stability, it is imperative for the state to legalize major policies on safety construction. Enterprise safety construction needs to be standardized according to law. Ensuring safety is an important prerequisite for enterprises to engage in construction and business activities. The main function of the legal system of safe construction is to determine the rights, obligations and responsibilities of market participants in safe construction, set the code of conduct for safe construction, establish a normal and safe construction order, and protect people's lives and property. Strengthening the supervision and management of safety construction requires the legal system, and administration according to law is the basic requirement of socialist legal system. Under the management system of combining comprehensive supervision and special supervision of safety construction, supervision according to law is the main means for the government to supervise safety construction. It is necessary to determine the legal status, responsibilities and supervision and law enforcement measures of relevant departments with safety construction supervision and management functions according to law, and ensure that the main body of supervision and law enforcement performs its duties of supervision and law enforcement in accordance with legal authorization and legal procedures. The legal construction of safe construction is the guarantee to realize the legal construction of safe construction. Whether it is to legalize the major policy of safe construction, to standardize the safety of enterprise construction and business activities, to ensure legal supervision, or to fully realize the legalization of safe construction, it is necessary to solve the problem that there are laws to follow.
2.2 Enterprises should adhere to the truth that only construction safety can bring economic benefits.
For enterprises, efficiency is life, and inefficient enterprises cannot survive. However, some business leaders do not understand the dialectical relationship between safety construction and economic benefits, and their short-term behavior is serious. They are unwilling to invest in improving employees' working environment and safety facilities for immediate benefits, which will eventually lead to frequent accidents and bring huge losses to the economic benefits of enterprises. Facts have proved that safety is benefit. Only safety can benefit, and safety is above everything else. Safety and benefit are two different categories. Safety is the overall performance that no death, injury, occupational disease and various equipment and property losses occur in the construction process; Benefits are the results produced in the construction process and the practical benefits brought by such results to enterprises. On the surface, safety is a state and benefit is a result. However, there are internal relations between them. Safety is the means and premise of obtaining benefits in the process of safe construction, and benefits themselves contain the connotation of safety. Without security, there is no benefit. Construction practice has proved that "safety first" is beyond doubt. It is true that safety first is the necessary premise to realize all economic benefits and the guarantee for the smooth progress of construction. It is not that safety has become the purpose of enterprises, but that it is more a means than benefits. It is precisely because security is a means that people often pay insufficient attention to it, so that its due position and value are not fully recognized. The safety state of building construction is the guarantee for people to realize all economic benefits, which can not be ignored at any time and under any circumstances; Moreover, in a sense, safety is also a kind of benefit, because safe construction avoids the loss of life and property, which in itself guarantees economic benefits.
2.3 Enterprises should establish a good safety management system.
Safety management is a science, a comprehensive science to ensure the safety and health of workers in the construction process and promote the healthy development of productive forces, rather than common sense. According to the policy of "safety first, prevention first" in China, the focus of safety management should be to find, identify and judge all kinds of dangerous factors that may lead to accidents in advance, especially those potential dangerous factors, so as to take effective technical measures to eliminate or control these dangerous factors and nip accidents in the bud. Therefore, it is not enough to rely solely on experience in safety management. Only through scientific means and advanced technical methods can we find measures to prevent and control accidents. Establishing a good safety management system can achieve the following objectives: (1) Ensure that all elements of the safety management system have rules to follow, evidence to check and laws to follow in the process of construction implementation. (2) It is convenient to use standardization to promote daily safety management. (3) It is conducive to promoting enterprise technical standardization and providing a standardized technical basis for realizing safe construction.
2.4 Enterprise safety expenditure is the basic condition for enterprise safety construction.
Enterprises should increase economic investment in personnel training, technological innovation, protective equipment and mechanical equipment. And constantly updated, laying a solid material foundation for the safe construction of enterprises and providing necessary material guarantee. After increasing safety investment, safety accidents will be greatly reduced, and it has been proved that the benefits of enterprises will be gradually improved. At the same time, safe and stable construction operation can greatly improve the social reputation and popularity of enterprises, and promote the construction operation of enterprises to enter a healthy development track of virtuous circle. A large number of facts have proved that the increase and rational use of funds for safety measures not only ensures the safe construction of enterprises, but also provides a strong guarantee for the improvement of product quality in enterprise engineering construction and creates huge tangible and intangible benefits for enterprises.
2.5 Enterprises should create enterprise safety culture.
Enterprise safety culture is the soft power of an enterprise, a part of its core competitiveness, and reflects the value orientation of its development. Enterprise culture is a kind of management culture, economic culture and organizational culture. Constantly improving corporate culture is the driving force for enterprise development. It can enhance the cohesion and creativity of enterprises and have a far-reaching impact on the management activities of enterprises. Enterprise safety culture is an important part of enterprise culture. It emphasizes the unity of human value and architectural value, and the unity of safety value and economic and social benefits. Its goal coincides with the goal of corporate culture, enriching the connotation of corporate culture. In the strategic thinking of safety culture propaganda work, we should establish a systematic view, a staff view and a mass culture view. Systematic view refers to bringing safety publicity and education into the overall work of enterprise safety and into the overall deployment of enterprise publicity work. Unifying the implementation of employees' public concept means that safety publicity and education should face all levels of the whole enterprise, focus on the general enhancement of public safety construction awareness and the formation of safety construction atmosphere of the whole enterprise, set out from the strategic needs of corporate image and participation in industry competition, and focus on catching up with and surpassing the advanced level of domestic safety construction, and formulate safety construction publicity and education materials.
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