Su Xun, Su Shi, Su Zhe, Ouyang Xiu, Wang Anshi and Ceng Gong in Song Dynasty. Among them, Han Yu and Liu Zongyuan were the leaders of the ancient prose movement in Tang Dynasty, Ouyang Xiu and Su San were the core figures of the ancient prose movement in Song Dynasty, and Wang Anshi and Ceng Gong were the representatives of Linchuan literature. They set off a wave of innovation in ancient Chinese prose, which made the old face of poetry development look brand-new.
Source of appellation:
When did the title of "Eight Masters in Tang and Song Dynasties" come into being? According to the survey, You Zhu compiled the articles of the above eight essayists into the Collection of Eight Writers in the Early Ming Dynasty, and the names of the eight great writers began. The Wenbian compiled by Tang Shunzhi in the middle of Ming Dynasty only took the articles of eight masters in Tang and Song Dynasties, and all the articles of other writers were rejected. This has played a certain role in shaping and spreading the names of the eight masters in Tang and Song Dynasties. Soon after, Mao Kun, who was highly respected, selected eight articles according to the compilation of Zhu and Tang, and compiled them into Notes of Eight Masters in Tang and Song Dynasties, so the names of the eight masters in Tang and Song Dynasties were decided.
Except for eight people; In addition, there are four schools, namely Ouyang Xiu, Su Shi, Ceng Gong and Wang Anshi, collectively known as Song Sijia, or four ancient prose schools in the Song Dynasty.
Eight people in Tang and Song Dynasties introduced respectively:
1, Han Yu
Han Yu (768-824), a writer, philosopher and thinker in Tang Dynasty, was born in Heyang (now mengzhou city, Jiaozuo, Henan). Originally from Changli, Hebei Province, he was known as Han Changli in the world. In his later years, he served as assistant minister of the official department, also known as the Korean official department. Posthumous title "Wen", also known as Han Wengong. He and Liu Zongyuan were both advocates of the ancient prose movement in the Tang Dynasty, who advocated learning the prose language of the pre-Qin and Han dynasties, breaking parallel prose and expanding the expressive function of classical Chinese. In the Song Dynasty, Su Shi called him "the decline of eight generations of literature", who drowned himself in the world, was loyal to the prisoner's anger, and was handsome in the three armed forces "(eight generations: Song, Qi, Liang, Chen, Wei, Qi, Zhou and Sui); Ming people praised him as the first of the eight masters in Tang and Song Dynasties, and called him "Liu Han" with Liu Zongyuan. Du Mu juxtaposes Koreans with Du Shi, calling them "Du Han Shi Bi", and is known as "a great writer of articles" and "a hundred generations of literators". He is the author of 40 volumes of Han Changli's Collected Works, Foreign Collected Works 10, Teachers' Comments, etc. Han Yu is also a master of languages. He is good at borrowing predecessors' words and paying attention to the refinement of contemporary spoken language, and he can create many new sentences, many of which have become idioms so far, such as "falling when it hurts", "blaming easily" and "losing your mind". Ideologically, he is the founder of China's "orthodoxy" concept and a symbolic figure who respects Confucianism and opposes Buddhism.
2. Liu Zongyuan
Liu Zongyuan (773-8 19), with a thick word, was a writer and thinker in the Tang Dynasty and one of the eight great poets in the Tang and Song Dynasties. Born in Chang 'an, his ancestral home is Hedong (now Yuncheng, Shanxi), and he is known as Liu Hedong. In the ninth year of Zhenyuan (793), he was a scholar, and he was the official governor of the empire. He left more than 600 poems in his life, and his achievements were greater than poems. He is under 50 years old. Because he was from Hedong, he was finally appointed as the secretariat of Liuzhou, so he was called Liu Hedong.
3. Ouyang Xiu
Ouyang Xiu (1007- 1072) was a politician, writer, historian and poet in the Northern Song Dynasty. The word Yongshu, a drunkard, was also named Liu Yiju in his later years (Liu Yi has a collection of 10,000 books, epigraphy of 1,000 books, a piano and a chess, a pot of wine and an alcoholic), and he was born in Yongfeng, Jizhou (now Mianyang, Sichuan). Tiansheng Jinshi was disgusted with the imperial edict when he was in Renzong, and he was a bachelor of Hanlin. When Yingzong was an official, he was a Tang Dynasty envoy and participated in the discussion of state affairs. The Zongshen dynasty moved the Ministry of War ministers and took Prince Shao Shi as the official. A pawn is Wen Zhong. Fan Zhongyan was not only a supporter of Li Qing's New Deal, but also a leader of the poetic innovation movement in the Northern Song Dynasty. He is also happy to reward and punish the backward, and Su Shi's brothers Ceng Gong and Wang Anshi are all out of his house. His poems, words and essays are all the best at the moment. Poetry is eloquent and lyrical, and it is one of the "eight masters in Tang and Song Dynasties". Poetry style is similar to prose, emphasizing momentum, smooth and natural; His poems are deep and beautiful, inheriting the lingering wind of the Southern Tang Dynasty. Co-edited the Book of the New Tang Dynasty with Song Qi, and independently wrote the History of the New Five Dynasties. I also like collecting inscriptions and compiling them into Ancient Records. Author of Ouyang Wenzhong's Collection of Official Documents.
4. Su Xun
Su Xun (1009- 1066), whose real name is Mingyun, is from Lao Quan. Meishan people in Sichuan. 58 years old. At the age of 27, I became eager to learn. In my spare time, I have promoted Jinshi and different talents, all of which failed. I learned to burn my articles and study behind closed doors, so I learned the Six Classics and I wrote thousands of words in an instant. Between Jia You and him, he took his second son, Shi Hezhe, to Beijing. Ouyang Xiu published 22 books, such as Lun Heng and Quan Shu, which were circulated by scholars. Han Qi, the Prime Minister, plays in the court, except for the secretary and the provincial school bookkeeper. He and Yao Bi, the prefect of Xiangcheng, wrote the book The Book of Rites Since the Dragon, which is one hundred volumes of Taichang Yin Ge Rites. A book becomes a book, but it will die. There are only twenty volumes, and there are three volumes, all of which are biographies of the history of the Song Dynasty, which have been handed down to the world. Su Xun is the "Su Laoquan" mentioned in Saint Amethyst's Twenty-Seven. Su Xun got angry late, but he worked hard. In his later years, Su Shi recalled his childhood study with his father and felt his father's profound influence on him. Of course, if Su Xun didn't study hard, Su Shi couldn't have received a good family education in his early years, not to mention a young Su Shi who "learned classics and history, earning thousands of words a day".
5. Su Shi
Su Shi (1037 ~11year) was a famous writer, painter and calligrapher in the Northern Song Dynasty. He gave a surname, chasing posthumous title's "article". Su Shi has made great achievements in poetry, ci, prose, calligraphy and painting, and is recognized as one of the most outstanding literary and artistic attainments in China for thousands of years. His prose is called "Su Hai in Han Dynasty" with Han Yu, "Ou Su" with Ouyang Xiu, "Su Huang" with Huang Tingjian and "the first all-rounder in ancient China" with Xin Qiji. Su Shi, his father Su Xun (1009 ~ 1066) and his brother Su Zhe (1039 ~12) are all famous for their literature, and they are also called "Three Sus". In the second year of Jiayou (1057), he was a scholar with his younger brother. His works include Seven Episodes of Dongpo, Dongpo Yuefu and Dongpo Zhi Lin.
6. Su Zhe
Su Zhe (1039—112) was born in Meishan, Meizhou (now Sichuan). In the second year of Jiayou (1057), he joined the Jinshi branch with his younger brother Su Shi. God is the emperor of the dynasty and the official of the three divisions. He was promoted in Henan for opposing Wang Anshi's political reform. When he was a philosopher, he was called the secretary of the provincial school. In the first year of Yuan You, you remonstrated. Zhong Cheng, Shangshu Youcheng, and his assistant minister learned about Ruzhou, demoted Yunzhou, moved to Leizhou and moved to Zhou Xun. Hui moved to Yongzhou and Yuezhou successively to become a Chinese medicine practitioner, and then moved to Xuzhou to be an official. Self-styled welcome legacy. A pawn, a stone man One of the eight masters in the Tang and Song Dynasties, he is as famous as his father Xun and other disciples.
7.wang Anshi
Wang Anshi (102 1 year-1086), whose real name was born in the mid-levels in his later years, is known as the king. Born in Linchuan (now Shangchi Village, dongxiang county City, Jiangxi Province) in the Northern Song Dynasty, Han nationality. An outstanding politician, thinker, writer and reformer in the Northern Song Dynasty, he was one of the eight masters in the Tang and Song Dynasties. He was born in a small official family. Father's benefit, word loss, is a judge of Linjiang army, and he has served as a county official in several States all his life. Anshi doesn't like reading very much, has a strong memory and is well educated. In the second year (1042), Li Qing ranked fourth in Emperor Wen of Sui Jinshi list, and successively served as the prison officer of Huainan magistrate, Yinxian magistrate, Changzhou magistrate and Tiaodian Jiangdong. In the fourth year of Zhiping (1067), Zong Shenchu acceded to the throne, and Zhao 'an was called a bachelor of Hanlin from Jiangning Government School. In the second year of Xining (1069), he was promoted to participate in politics. Since Xining three years ago, he has twice served as a reformer and promoted the new law. Xi Ning lived in seclusion after nine years' strike and died in Zhongshan, posthumous title, Jiangning (now Nanjing, Jiangsu). "The prime minister can punt in his stomach" is Wang Anshi. Lenin praised him as "1 1 the greatest reformer in China in the century".
8. Ceng Gong
Ceng Gong (10 19- 1083) was called "Mr. Nanfeng" from August 25th, Tianxi three years to April 11th, Yuanfeng six years. Han nationality, from Nanfeng, Jianchang (now Jiangxi), lives in Linchuan (now west of Fuzhou, Jiangxi). Sun of Zeng Zhiyao, son of Zeng. In the second year of Jiayou (1057), he was a scholar. A statesman and essayist in the Northern Song Dynasty, he was one of the "Eight Masters in Tang and Song Dynasties" and one of the "Seven Zeng in Nanfeng" (Ceng Gong, Zeng Zhao, Ceng Bu, Zeng Zhu, Zeng Xie and Zeng Dun).
The main works of eight masters in Tang and Song Dynasties:
1, Han Yu
Poetic works such as The Original Road, The Buddha's Bone Table, The Original Nature, The Original Extinction, The Teacher's Theory, and the Learning Interpretation.
Other works include essays, winning Lin Jie, and the famous sacrifice to Shiro.
2. Liu Zongyuan
The fables of poetry and prose works include Three Commandments, Donkey of Guizhou, Mouse of Yongmou, Elk of Linjiang and so on.
Philosophical works include Non-Mandarin, Zhen Fu, Seasons, Criminal Argument, Tian Shuo, Tian Dui, Eight Notes of Yongzhou, etc. Among them are Little Stone Pond, Journey to the West Night Banquet, Yuan Jiake, Shiqu, Little Rock Mountain and so on.
3. Ouyang Xiu
His poetry works include Zuiwengting Ji, Singing Cicada Fu, Autumn Sound Fu, An Advice Letter to You, On Friends, Biography of Lingguan and Selling Oil Weng.
4. Su Xun
Six Kingdoms, Balance of Power, Distinguishing Traitors, Guan Zhong, Book of Rights, etc.
5. Su Shi
Poems such as Water Turning Around, Huanxisha, Jiangchengzi, and Recent Flowers. Prose include Qianchibi Fu, Houchibi Fu, Wang Ping Lun, Houhoulun and Shi Zhongshan Ji.
6. Su Zhe
Other works include 84 volumes of Lu 'an Market and Zhao Yingji of Lu 'an City 13.
7. Ceng Gong
Poetry and prose works: Letter to Mr. Ouyang Sheren, Letter to Mr. Shang Cai, Preface to Ang Lee's Second Tone, Preface to Wang Pingfu's Collected Works.
8.wang Anshi
Poem: You Baochan, go to Zhong Yong and answer Sima's words.