Shocked by the frequent celebrity drug abuse incidents in the public. However, as long as we look back on modern history, we will find that drug abuse by actors is very common. So some people say that "the history of an actor is half that of opium".
The most outstanding actor in the late Qing Dynasty was a Peking Opera actor. At first, Peking Opera was a local opera, and later it flowed into the capital. Through the efforts of several generations of masters, it became a very popular cultural form and pastime in the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China. Compared with other contemporary art categories, it has absolute advantages, and famous figures such as "Four Musketeers", "Four Celebrities" and "Four Little Celebrities" have appeared. There are many schools, including Yu School, Yan School, Ma School, Mei School and Shang School.
Another thing that is popular at the same time is smoking opium. From officials and scholars to people who drive cars and sell pulp, there are heavy smokers. It is common for Peking Opera actors to smoke too much, which has become a bad habit in the pear garden. The older generation are Cheng Changgeng, Xu Xiaoxiang, Zhang Erkui, Yu Sansheng, Tan Xinpei, Wang Xiaonong, etc. Is a heavy smoker, and the younger generation such as Qiu Guixian, Tan Xiaopei, Yang Xiaolou, Yu Shuyan, Gao Qingkui, etc. There were addicts, and later there were Ma, Sun Yu, Tan, Qiu and so on.
Historical writer Xu Muyun's Outside the Pear Garden says that Wang Xiaonong, a famous actress in the pear garden, is the biggest smoker. He smokes cream every day. Before getting up every day, he looks like a dead man. His aunt has many cigarettes in her mouth. Before I could "live", I squirmed a little and sprayed smoke on my face several times. Then he drank some ginseng soup and put the burnt pipe in his mouth. Wang smoked a dozen cigarettes with his eyes closed, slowly opened his eyes to talk, got dressed and got out of bed. After taking a shower, lie down and light a cigarette. This is called official smoking. After smoking a dozen cans, you can have breakfast. It takes more than an hour to get up. Every theater knows its own shortcomings, so every time it performs, it is necessary to give the aunt some money first to prevent him from being unwilling to attend or to urge Boss Wang to come backstage early.
Tan Xinpei is a master of singing, reading, acting and playing. Smoking opium can also be called "master". You can eat and drink without smoking opium. At that time, the Qing court resolutely banned opium, the nobles did not dare to go against the wind, and Boss Tan did not dare to smoke. However, after not smoking, the whole person collapsed as if he had no strength. Where can he sing a play?
Tan Xinpei, the founder of Tan School, was allowed to smoke opium by Empress Dowager Cixi.
It happened that Empress Dowager Cixi was an opera fan. Speaking of Duanyang Festival, Empress Dowager Cixi was very happy. She gave a banquet for the Summer Palace and ordered Tan Xinpei and other celebrities to sing in the Summer Palace. At that time, Yang Xiaolou and other celebrities arrived, but Tan Xinpei didn't. Minister of Commerce Su and Prince personally went to find out. Tan Xinpei expressed his difficulties: "Now smoking is banned in the Ming Dynasty, and all the princes have given up smoking. I'm an addict. I don't smoke enough. I can't sing any more. " When Shan Hao returned to the Queen Mother, the Queen Mother smiled and said, "What should I do? What does it matter just to smoke? Tell him to smoke in the palace. As long as he sings well, I will send two eunuchs to pack cigarettes for him! " I could see that Tan was overjoyed. Since then, although smoking is strictly prohibited, Tan Xinpei ordered smoking, and no one dared to ban it. Out of personal preference, smoking ban is doomed to failure.
If "smoking according to orders" is a glorious thing, then the horse's "singing according to orders" was regarded as the shame of opium by people at that time.
1942, on the occasion of the founding of the Puppet Manchukuo 10 anniversary, the Puppet Prime Minister specially invited the Puppet North China Management Committee to send entertainers to congratulate him. In addition to silver, there is smoked soil. At that time, the tobacco fields in Beiping were not easy to buy, and the horse was tempted. After War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression's victory, 1946, someone reported that Ma was a traitor and was locked up. Under the mediation of Bai Chongxi, chairman of the Muslim Association, H.
At that time, Yao Ma was not short of money. Not long ago, he bought a university mansion with a garden in Nanguan Street, Beijing, which caused a sensation in Peiping. However, as an addict, he was attracted by the smoke-filled land opened up by the puppet Manchukuo. This "traitor's crime" made him bear a political stain that was hard to wash away all his life and suffered greatly.
Qiu Guixian, the founder of Laoqiu School, is also a heavy smoker. It is said that years of smoking have made mice at home addicted to cigarettes. On one occasion, Boss Qiu led his family to perform in other places. The mice on the ceiling of the house fell to the ground and died because they didn't smoke opium. Although this statement is not credible, Qiu Guixian's son, Qiu Qiu, does have a genetic addiction to cigarettes. He was a heavy smoker and died of lung disease before his 60th birthday.
Yu Shuyan, who studied art with Tan Xinpei, also learned to smoke opium. According to the Secret History of the Qing Palace, Mei Lanfang performed in the United States, the Soviet Union and Japan, and received a doctorate. The famous Peking Opera Cheng was also performed in France. Someone asked Uncle Yan why he didn't go abroad to play. Uncle Yan said, "My country is a big country in China. All performances are disguised as men, and they rarely lose their national style. The United States, France, Japan and Su Wu will no longer go, and India can discuss it. " When someone asked him why he wanted to go to India, Uncle Yan said, "The land in India is very good, and I can live well." It turns out that people don't go to the west for fear that there will be no opium smoking.
During the late Qing Dynasty and the Republic of China, there were many facts about actors taking drugs. It's like an excuse for stars to take drugs for inspiration, saying that actors take drugs to refresh themselves and relieve stress. Smoking marijuana does have a stimulating and refreshing effect, but once it passes, people are as soft as mud. What's more, singing opera is most afraid of sound failure, especially on the stage, which is equivalent to smashing signs. Protecting sound is a very important thing for Beijing opera actors. It is said that opium can relieve cough and diarrhea, and performers would rather believe it than believe it.
But in my opinion, this is mainly because the money can be recovered quickly. At the end of the Qing Dynasty and the beginning of the Republic of China, people liked to listen to Chinese opera, and the Peking Opera market was very hot. It is easy for actors to earn money, but famous actresses lag far behind. According to Wang, a famous journalist in modern times, harmony is "extremely expensive". Besides performing in the troupe every day, Tan Xinpei often goes to the cave to sing the songs of church parties for others. The price of a play is about 50 Liang. At that time, the annual salary of senior officials in Beijing was only 180 silver. After Tan sang three or four plays, he got a one-year "salary" of a senior official, which was enough for the nobles to admire.
This was still the case during the Republic of China. According to Dan Jiao's report at that time, the income of the troupe was quite high. Tan Xinpei went to Shanghai for a church meeting for the fifth time, and he paid 1 10,000 yuan per month. The role of a second-rate and third-rate singer should also be 10 yuan, 20 yuan. At that time, the staff of Beiping government only had 30 yuan every month. The monthly salary of professors and ministers with 350 yuan is already very high, which is nothing compared with celebrities.
In addition, smoking opium is a symbol of status and social status. There is a saying in the music industry that "don't smoke, just in case". In other words, if a celebrity doesn't smoke and doesn't have a smoking set at home, it means that this person is not famous enough and his quality of life is not high enough, and others won't pay more than 1000 yuan. Smoking opium has become a standard for celebrities.
Under the influence of predecessors' smoking pipes, newcomers in music have followed suit. It is said that at that time, Master often taught his disciples in the smoking room: "In a classroom with a smoking bed, a cigarette case is like a blackboard, and a cigarette holder can be used as a target for a knife, gun or whip. When you recite gongs and drums in your mouth, the cigarette holder touches the cigarette tray, which can also represent a drum tray. " It's gorgeous and comfortable. For example, when Yu Shuyan worshipped Tan Xinpei as his teacher, Tan Xinpei leaned back on the sofa to show the way to Yu Shuyan, a heavy smoker. It is difficult for an apprentice to have money without learning from a master who smokes a pipe. Celebrities with powerful social demonstration functions
After the founding of the People's Republic of China, some famous actresses became addicted to drugs and could not give up. They must be lenient and allowed to take drugs. The relationship between actors and drugs is so deep that it has a far-reaching impact on society. It is reasonable for them to lead by example and ban drugs.