1 162, Zhao Shen of Song Xiaozong used the hawk Zhang Jun to prepare for the Northern Expedition. Xiao Zong summoned Lu You, who took this opportunity to put forward many political and military ideas and gave Zhao Shen strong support. However, when the Northern Expedition failed, Song made peace with Jin once again, Xiao Zong's will was shaken, the main peace faction in the DPRK rose again, Zhang Jun was dismissed from office, and Lu You was also dismissed from his post and returned to his hometown. 1 170, Lu You went to Kuizhou (now fengjie county, Sichuan) as a general judge. Later, he went to the shogunate of Fu Xuan's ambassador to Sichuan, Wang Yan, to deal with military affairs, and actively put forward the operational strategy of restoring the Central Plains to Wang Yan. However, due to the obstruction and destruction of the Korean capitulationists, Wang Yan was recalled to the court and the shogunate was removed. Not only did Lu You's fighting idea not come true, but he was also transferred to the appeasement department of Chengdu Prefecture as an official. Lu You, the greatest patriotic poet in ancient China.
China has a famous poem "Show the Son". The poem reads: "When you die, you know that everything is empty, but you see Kyushu's sadness." Julian Waghann set the Central Plains Day in the north, and did not forget to inform Nai Weng's family of their sacrifice. This poem is a father's last wish to his son. This poem expresses that a dying old man will never forget his motherland destroyed by foreign invasion. He hopes that on the day when the motherland is recovered, his children can tell him the news of victory. From this poem, people can feel an old poet's strong patriotic feelings on his deathbed. He is Lu You, one of the greatest patriotic poets in ancient China.
Lu You, a poet of Southern Song Dynasty in China, was born in 1 125. In the era of Lu You's life, Jin Guo, the northern minority regime, frequently waged wars against Song Dynasty. The poor and weak Song Dynasty lost a lot of land and was forced to move southward constantly, and the people lived in war and turmoil. As a teenager, Lu You had to flee with his family and suffered from being displaced from place to place.
Lu You was influenced by his father's strong patriotic thought since childhood, and he developed a character of worrying about the country and the people and longing for national reconstruction very early. In order to realize the ideal of serving the motherland, he paid special attention to studying the art of war. At the age of 20, he wrote in a poem, "Get on the horse and attack the crazy Hu, dismount the grass army", hoping to go to the battlefield in person one day and kill the enemy to serve the country. However, it was not until he was in his forties that he had the opportunity to be an officer in the army and realized his wish for many years.
Less than a year's military life left a deep imprint on Lu You's life and creation. Wearing a military uniform, he traveled to and from the front. The hard life and patriotic enthusiasm of the soldiers who fought against the enemy greatly expanded his poetic realm, and the tragic hero became the keynote of his life's poetry creation.
As an outstanding poet, Lu You wrote more than 9,300 poems in his life. Most of these poems are related to fighting against invaders. Or describe the fiery life in the army, "naked, sleeping in first frost", or repose deep worries about the future and destiny of the motherland and the gloomy mood of serving the country with full blood.
Lu You's poems are full of ardent patriotic enthusiasm and sympathize with the sufferings of the people at that time. The thoughts of worrying about the country and the people are interwoven in his works. In his poems such as Big Breath and Autumn Harvest Song, he exposed the exploitation of the lower class people by the bureaucrats and powerful people, and at the same time, he truly wrote the excellent qualities of the lower class people's diligence and kindness.
In addition to poetry, Lu You also created many excellent prose works. Some of these works record trivial matters of life, some discuss the national economy and people's livelihood, and some describe the deeds of friends, but they are full of patriotic feelings and have strong appeal.
Lu You has suffered a lot in his life and has a full understanding of the living environment of ordinary people. His works reflect the depth and breadth of life, reaching a height that contemporary poets cannot reach.
Lu You's rich creative practice had a positive impact on his later literary circles in the Song Dynasty, but what was more remarkable was his strong and persistent patriotism. His poems and prose works are a great spiritual inspiration to the people oppressed by other nationalities. Whenever the nation lives or dies, people can't help thinking of this poet who deeply cares about the fate of the motherland in his 85-year-old life.
The Sad Story of Lu You and Tang Wan
Lu You (1 125- 1209), a great poet in the Southern Song Dynasty, married his cousin Tang Wan in 1 144. The next year, Tang Wan was expelled from the house because, according to the ancients, he was "unwilling to be his mother's wife" and "his second parents were afraid that he was lazy to study." Or because the husband and wife are so loving, their in-laws think it will hinder Lu You's enterprising spirit, so they often scold Tang Wan, which leads to their breakup.
Truth: According to Lu You's own poem in his later years (14), Tang Wan was driven out by her in-laws because she was infertile.
Lu You and Tang Wan are in love. After breaking up, Lu You was forced to remarry, and Tang Wan remarried to the royal family Zhao Shicheng. However, the real mourning of the two is the reunion after ten years of separation. It's a spring day in Shen's garden outside Shaoxing. Lu You came here to enjoy the spring, while Tang Wan and her husband Zhao Shicheng.
I also came here for a spring outing, but I didn't expect to meet again. When they meet again, they can't tell each other face to face. Later, Tang Wan sent someone to send something to eat and drink to express his concern silently, and left with her husband. Lu You was very sad, but wrote a sad poem "Hairpin Phoenix" on the wall of the garden.
Shortly after their reunion, Tang Wan died of grief (history records "a little while, died of dissatisfaction"-soon, died of depression).
One year before his death (at the age of 84, 1208), Lu You came to Shenyuan again and wrote: The flowers in Shenjiayuan were like brocade, and they were in full bloom in those years; I also believe that beauty will die, and I can't bear to fall asleep in a hurry. This also believes that beautiful women will die, and they can't bear to fall asleep in a hurry. "It is Lu You's deepest memory of Tang Wan. The next year, Lu You finally followed Tang Wan to another world.
Shenyuan's love affair
Shenyuan is located in Yanghe Lane, southeast of Shaoxing City. In the Song Dynasty, Chitai was very prosperous, and it was a famous garden in Vietnam and China. It is reported that this Southern Song poet married his cousin Tang Wan for the first time. Husband and wife love each other, but Lu Mu doesn't like it. Lu You was forced to separate from Tang Wan. Later, Tang remarried and Lu You remarried Wang. More than ten years later, they met on a spring outing to Shenyuan. When Lu You was sad, he wrote the famous word "Feng" on the garden wall. Tang Wan was very sad when he read it. He also wrote a poem and died of depression soon. Lu You was deeply saddened by this, and later wrote poems recalling the garden many times, including the sentence "The spring waves under the sad bridge were green, which was once a stunning photo". Shenyuan has a long reputation for this. For hundreds of years, after vicissitudes of life, it "has not revived the pool platform."
In recent years, Shaoxing rebuilt Shenyuan, built Shuangguitang in its east, and built a memorial hall for Lu You, showing Lu You's experience in Shenyuan, his patriotic historical sites and brilliant achievements in literature. The central part is a relic area of the Song Dynasty. The gourd pond here, the rockery in the south of the pond and the ancient well in the west of the pond are all relics of the Song Dynasty. . To the west of the garden is the Ruins Area of Shenyuan, centered on Guhexuan, which is magnificent and simple in shape. On the broken wall made of broken bricks unearthed in Zhengnan, the word "Hairpin Phoenix" written by the contemporary poet Xia is engraved, which points out the theme of gardening. There is a pavilion in the southeast and a pavilion in the southwest, which can win the whole park. There is a green pond in the north of Guhexuan, a pavilion in the east of the pond, a well pavilion in the Six Dynasties in the west of the pond, a Fangguan building in the west of the well pavilion, and a teahouse on the ground floor for tourists to taste tea. The whole garden scenic spot is dense and orderly, with dense flowers and trees, which is quite characteristic of Song Dynasty gardens.
Lu You, a great poet in Southern Song Dynasty. The word Wu Guan, No.,was born in Yin Shan (now Shaoxing, Zhejiang). When the Northern Song Dynasty perished, he was deeply influenced by his patriotic thoughts at home when he was a teenager. Shaoxing Zhongying didn't try and was rejected by Qin Gui. Filial piety acceded to the throne, given the Jinshi origin, and served as a judge in Longxing, Zhenjiang. In the sixth year of Dadao (1 170), he entered Shu and served as the general of Kuizhou. After eight years on the main road, he entered the shogunate of Fu Xuan Ambassador Wang Yan in Sichuan and devoted himself to military life. Officially arrived at the Baozhang Pavilion before being handed over. Politically, Lu You advocated resolute war of resistance, enriched armaments and demanded that "taxes should be paid first, and taxes should be handed over to business", which has always been suppressed by capitulationists. In his later years, he retired from his hometown, but his belief in recovering the Central Plains remained unchanged. He wrote many poems in his life, and now there are more than 9 thousand poems, which are extremely rich in content. Expressing political ambitions, reflecting people's sufferings, criticizing the humiliation and surrender of the ruling group at that time, and showing a strong patriotic enthusiasm for restoring national unity. Guan Shanyue, Book Wrath, Peasant Sigh, Xiuer, etc. It's all spoken by later generations. Describing daily life is also a new work. Also known as Gong Ci, Yang Shen called it as beautiful as Qin Guan and as beautiful as stone. But some poems reveal negative emotions. His first marriage, Tang's, Chai Feng and so on, was sincere and touching. There are Poems of Jiannan, Collected Works of Weinan, Book of Southern Tang Dynasty, Notes of Old Xue 'an, etc. Divorced under the pressure of her mother, she poured out her pain in some poems, such as Shen Yuan.
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Tang Wan and Lu You's Shen Yuanmeng.
On the whitewashed wall of Shenyuan Garden in Yin Shan (now Zhaoxing, Zhejiang) in the Southern Song Dynasty, there are two inscriptions "Feng Feng":
First of all:
Red crisp hands, Huang Teng wine, mancheng spring willow; East wind evil, thin heart, full of sadness. After a few years apart, he was wrong.
No, no, no.
Spring is the same, people are empty and thin, and tears are red and weak; Peach blossom falls, idle pool pavilion, mountain alliance exists, it is difficult to hold books, mo,
Momo.
Second:
The world is thin, human feelings are evil, and it is easy to fall when the rain is sent late; The evening breeze is dry, tears are broken, it is difficult to convey my thoughts, and I lean on the diagonal alone.
Difficult, difficult.
People become different, today is not yesterday, and sick souls are often thousands of miles away; The bugle sounded cold, the night was dim, people were afraid to ask, tears were pretending to be happy and hiding,
Hide. Hide.
These two words are written by different people, but they are filled with the same feelings and helplessness, because they are both telling the same thing.
A sad love story-Tang Wan and Lu You's dream of Shen Yuan.
Lu You was a famous patriotic poet in the Southern Song Dynasty. He was born in a wealthy scholarly family in Yang Shan, Yuezhou. When he was young,
During this period, when the Jin people invaded the south, they often fled with their families. At this time, his mother's uncle Cheng Tang and his family had a lot of contacts with Lujia. Cheng Tang
I have a daughter named Tang Wan and Huixian. She has been quiet and elegant since childhood, but she is not good at words but understanding. Land of similar age
Love is very congenial, two childhood friends, close, although in the war, two inexperienced teenagers.
Or spend a pure and beautiful time together. With the growth of age, a lingering feeling exists between two people.
It grows in my heart.
In their youth, Lu You and Tang Wan were both good at poetry, and they often poured out their hearts through poetry. They spent the whole year reciting poems together.
Opposing each other, singing with each other, beautiful shadows are in pairs, just like a pair of colorful butterflies dancing in the flowers, and their eyes are full of happiness and harmony.
The two parents and all relatives and friends also thought that they were a match made in heaven, so the Lujia family took away a beautiful one.
The family passed on Feng Chai as collateral and booked the marriage of the Tang family. As an adult, I spent the night in the bridal chamber. Tang Wan was
Became the daughter-in-law of Lujia. From then on, Lu You and Tang Wan became more harmonious and loved each other more deeply. They are immersed in the world of two people, and they don't know what will happen in the evening. What imperial examinations, fame and fortune, and even family and close relatives are temporarily forgotten. At this time, Lu You has been promoted, but this is only the first step to become an official. Next, he will go to Lin 'an to take the "lock-in exam" and the does exam. The newly married Yaner's land tour lingers in the gentle village, and she has no time to take care of the exam homework. Lu You's mother, Tang, is a dignified and bossy woman. She is looking forward to her son being admitted to the top scholar, taking the official position and shining brilliantly. Seeing the present situation, she was greatly dissatisfied. She reprimanded Tang Wan several times as an aunt, and even reprimanded her several times as a mother-in-law, ordering her to put her husband's future in the imperial examination first and be indifferent to her children. However, the relationship between Lu and Tang was deep, and the situation did not improve significantly. Because of this incident, Lumu was disgusted with her daughter-in-law, and thought that Tang Wan was really the jinx of the Tang family, which would delay her son's future. So she went to the boundless buddhist nun in the suburbs and asked the nuns in buddhist nun to predict their fate for the sake of their children and daughter-in-law.
Miao calculated and said seriously, "Tang Wan and Lu You don't match. First, it is misled and will eventually die. " Lumu was scared out of her wits. She hurried home, called Lu You and forced him to say, "Set a piece of paper and divorce Tang Wan, or I will die with her." This sentence is undoubtedly a bolt from the blue and shocked Lu You. Lu You, who has always been filial, had no choice but to swallow her tears in the face of her resolute mother.
Forced by her mother's life, Lu You had to promise to send Tang Wan back to her family. This situation seems unreasonable today, and the feelings of two people are not allowed to interfere with others. But in China's ancient society, which advocated filial piety, the mother's life was the imperial edict, and people had to obey it. In this way, a pair of affectionate mandarin ducks will be torn alive by unreasonable filial piety, secular fame and fortune, illusory fate. Lu You and Tang Wan were inseparable, so they couldn't bear to go there to get together. So they quietly built a clause to house Tang Wan. Lu You and Tang Wan went to dream for the first time, looking as good as ever. But the paper can't wrap the fire, and the shrewd mother Lu soon noticed. They were strictly ordered to cut off contacts and marry another docile and filial daughter for Lu You, completely cutting off the long-term love relationship between Lu and Tang.
In desperation, Lu You had to pick a lot of hardships. Under the supervision of her mother, she took the imperial examination again and studied hard.
After studying for three years, at the age of 27, I left my hometown of Yin Shan alone and went to Lin 'an to take the "Lock-up Examination". In Lin 'an,
Lu You won the appreciation of Lu Fu, the examiner, for his solid knowledge of Confucian classics and brilliant literary thoughts, and was recommended as a leading figure. siblings
It happened that Qin Gui, the grandson of Qin Gui, the prime minister of the Tang Dynasty, won the second place in the exam. Qin Gui was deeply ashamed, so the next year.
In the spring, when the Ministry of Ritual takes the exam, it's just an excuse to withdraw Lu You's paper. Lu you's career suffered from the wind at the beginning.
It is raining.
As expected, Lu You returned to his hometown, where the scenery remained the same and his face was completely new. What I saw and the people I thought of made me sad.
Cool. In order to dispel his melancholy, Lu You always walks alone among the green mountains and green waters, or sits idly in a wild temple to visit the ancient times. or
Going in and out of the restaurant to recite poems; Or a street singer crying. So I live a leisurely and dissolute life. In a flower
At noon in Jingyan Spring, Lu You strolled into the Shen Garden of Yuji Temple at will. Shenyuan Garden is an elegant garden, which
With lush flowers and trees, verdant rocks and winding paths, it is a good place for local people to enjoy flowers in spring. Deep in the garden
Walking on the path, a woman in cotton-padded clothes appeared, and Lu You, who was walking with her head down, suddenly looked up. It's her ex-wife Tang Wan, who has been away for several years.
At that moment, time and eyes were frozen, and their eyes were glued together. Both of them felt in a trance, not knowing whether the dream was true or not, and their eyes were full of emotion, resentment, thinking and pity. At this point, Tang Wan has been married by his family to Zhao Shicheng, a scholar in the same county. Zhao is a royal descendant of a prominent family. Zhao Shicheng is a generous and affectionate scholar. He showed sincere sympathy and understanding for Tang Wan who suffered emotional setbacks. Tang Wan's traumatized mind gradually calmed down, and new feelings began to sprout. At this time, the unexpected encounter with Lu You undoubtedly reopened Tang Wan's closed mind, and the old tenderness and myriad grievances that had been accumulated for a long time suddenly poured out, and the weak Tang Wan could not bear this feeling. Lu You, though he has been studying hard and writing poems for several years to suppress his yearning for Tang Wan, at this moment, the old feelings buried deep in his heart can't help but gush out. Four eyes are opposite, thousands of thoughts and mixed feelings, but I don't know where to start. This time, Tang Wan and her husband Zhao Shicheng went to Shenyuan and were waiting for her to eat. After a great trance, Tang Wan, who is already someone else's wife, finally took a heavy step, took a deep glance and left, leaving only Lu You in a daze among the flowers.
The breeze woke up Lu You who was immersed in an old dream. He couldn't help following Tang Wan's figure and walking towards the pool.
Under the willows by the pond, Tang Wan and Zhao Shicheng are eating on the waterside pavilion by the pond. Vaguely see Tang Wan bow frown, intentional but unintentional.
Heart out jade hand tea, and Zhao Shicheng shallow pour slow drink. This deja vu scene broke Lu You's heart.
Yesterday's dream, today's delusion and today's resentment are all around my heart, and I feel a lot, so I began to write a question on the white wall, "Chai Feng", which
It is the first word mentioned at the beginning.
Subsequently, Qin Gui died of illness. Lu You was re-employed in Korea, and Lu You was ordered to be appointed as a bookkeeper in Ningde County, far away from home.
In the spring of the second year of Yinshan, with an inexplicable desire, Tang Wan came to Shen Yuan again, wandering among the winding corridors, and suddenly caught a glimpse of Lu You's inscription. Repeatedly chanting, recalling the scene of two people's poems singing together in those years, I couldn't help but burst into tears and my heart vibrated. I unconsciously neutralized a poem that was written after Lu You's poem. This is the second song mentioned at the beginning.
Phoenix ".
Tang Wan is a woman who attaches great importance to friendship. The love between her and Lu You was a perfect combination, but it was destroyed by the secular wind.
Although Zhao Shicheng gave her emotional comfort again in the rain, after all, it is difficult for the sea to touch water. There is also an unforgettable sharing of Lu You.
The love in my heart will always stay in the deepest part of her emotional world. Since seeing Lu You's inscription, her heart has been difficult to calm down. Recalling the watery past, sighing the helpless world, the emotional fire tortured her, making her listless and unhappy, turning into a fallen leaf in the bleak autumn and quietly passing away with the wind. There is only a sentimental "Hairpin Phoenix", which makes people cry.
At this time, Lu You's career was in full swing. His literary talent was praised by the newly enthroned Song Xiaozong and won a scholarship.
Body. Since then, my career has been smooth sailing, and I have been a servant of Bao Hua Pavilion. During this period, in addition to dedication, he also wrote a lot.
Poetry reflecting the thought of worrying about the country and the people. At the age of 75, he wrote to ask for retirement and was awarded a gold belt to go home. Wander on land
Tianya for decades, trying to forget myself and Tang Wan's sad past, but the farther away from home, the more lingering the shadow of Tang Wan.
In his opinion. When I came back from this tiring trip, Tang Wan was dead and in his twilight years. However, he knows nothing about the past.
I still have a deep attachment to Shen Yuan. I often wander alone in the secluded path of Shenyuanyuan, recalling the surprise deeply imprinted in my mind.
A glimpse of the scene, when he wrote the poem "Shen Yuan Nostalgia":
First of all:
The dream is broken and fragrant for forty years, but the old willow in Shenyuan does not fly;
This trip is a tribute to Shan Ye, but it is still a matter of suspense.
Second:
On the city, the sunset painted a corner of sorrow, and there was no revival in the pool platform of Shenyuan;
Under the sad bridge, the spring waves are green, which is suspected to be a stunning photo.
Shenyuan is Lu You's homesick place and also his sad place. He is thinking about Shenyuan, but he is afraid to go to Shenyuan. Spring is here.
Come on, sexy pink willow green, disgusting birds and flowers, lingering land trip can no longer go to Shenyuan to find the past.
However, the encounter with Tang Wan, the iraqis' sad eyes, poor manners and helpless steps,
The embarrassing appearance made Lu You fresh in his memory, so he added the poem "Sleepwalking in Shen Garden":
First of all:
The road near the south of the city has been afraid to walk, and the injury of Shenjiayuan is even heavier;
Incense wears plum blossoms on the guest sleeves, and Qingsi Bridge is born in spring.
Second:
The small stranger in the south of the city meets spring again, and only plum blossoms are not seen;
Jade bone has been under the spring for a long time, and the ink mark is still locked in the wall.
Since then, Shenyuan has changed hands several times, and the personnel landscape has changed its former style. It's already a "desert of whitewashed dust", only
There is a dream of "breaking the clouds." One day in the spring when Lu You was eighty-five years old, he suddenly felt refreshed and relaxed.
Than. I was going to go up the mountain to collect herbs, but because my physical strength didn't allow it, I folded it to the original place. At this time, Shen Yuan has gone through some finishing, scenery.
Roughly restored the old ideas, Lu You wrote the last love poem of Shen Yuan with deep affection:
The flowers of Shenjiayuan are like brocade, and half of them were known that year;
I also believe that beauty will eventually become soil, and it is too late to dream.
Shortly thereafter, Lu You died suddenly.
Time has passed, the scenery of Shenyuan Garden has changed, and the poems on the powder wall have disappeared without a trace. But these records the love between Tang Wan and Lu You.
Poems that never sing are timeless among people who love the future generations. It reminds people to cherish your hug.
Some feelings, don't say goodbye easily, leading to lifelong regret.