In the twentieth year of Zhenguan (646), Emperor Taizong personally went to Lingzhou to recruit Tiele tribes in the residential area of Tiele tribe and build a new one for the defected Tiele tribe? Six governments and seven states? Xun, a famous Tang Dynasty, was born in Gaolan (now Qingtongxia, Ningxia). In the first year of Tang Gaozong Diaolu (679), the Tang Dynasty once again established Jimi Prefecture in Lingzhou and Zhou Xia, and resettled all the submissive ethnic minorities in the northwest. Many Xiongnu family members successively served as military and political officials in Gaolan, and were subordinate to Lingzhou in the Tang Dynasty.
Xun Shi, Xun's father, joined the Shuofang Army when he was young and became an officer. He has great martial arts and great achievements. All the way to Kaifu Yitong Third Division and Ningshuo County King. Xun grew up in such a family and eventually became a great star.
In the fifth year of Tianbao (746), Xun Shi's father participated in the routine winter frontier defense, and Xun, who was 1 1, also participated in this activity with his father. Because Xun is the only son in the team, it attracts people's attention. Zhang, my ambassador to Shuofang, looked at him curiously and said half jokingly, such a small child doesn't stay at home to play. What are you doing in this military activity place? Did you bring the wet nurse?
At that time, in Zhang's view, he was simply a brat. However, what happened later soon opened my eyes. At that time, Hunhun set up a leaping feat (a military feat of young soldiers). Two years later, Hunhun broke through Shibao City and recovered Longju Island. Hunhun participated in it and made great achievements. What? Face the army bravely? He soon became a respected general Yi, and was sent by an army. For the first time, he led a division into enemy territory. With wit and courage, he broke Abs's Ministry, participated in pacifying all kinds of civil strife, and repeatedly made meritorious military service. Therefore, the court granted him the position of corps commander.
In 755, the Tang Dynasty broke out? An Shi rebellion? Li Guangbi, Hedong our time, the rate of Hunhunhe Beiping rebellion. In the battle against Changshan City (now Tangxian County, Hebei Province), veteran Li was shot dead with an arrow by Xiongnu, making the first contribution, which greatly encouraged Tang Jun's morale. After Tang Suzong acceded to the throne in Lingzhou, Hun led his men to Lingzhou and reported to the court in time. When Guo Ziyi recovered the two capitals, he was brave and good at fighting. He fought against the rebels in Anqingxu and was promoted to be the ambassador of Wufeng. When he cooperated with Pugu Huai 'en to pacify Shi Chaoyi, he participated in dozens of battles and made the most meritorious deeds. He was named Taichangqing and was given food to 200 households.
After the Anshi Rebellion, there were many factions in the central government of the Tang Dynasty, and disputes continued, which greatly affected the emperor's power. Eunuch forces, separatist regimes, factional struggles, and self-respect of heroes led to the demise of the Tang Dynasty, which is irreparable. Meritorious ministers like Pugu Wynn began to raise their self-esteem, deliberately let the enemy not fight, deliberately let hostile forces contain others and keep their position for personal gain.
In order to get a comfortable life, the imperial court tolerated the separatist situation of the buffer region, and the taxes of the buffer region were not included in the central government, so the law was self-contained According to Tang Xianzong's Yuan and Guo Ji Shu, there are 48 towns in the world, and only a few of them in the south register their accounts and pay taxes to the central government, about one third of them. There are 830,000 soldiers and horses in the world, and the central government pays for grain, while the central government only has 6.5438+0.4 million taxpayers.
Li Tang's royal family no longer trusts military commanders. At this moment, Pugu Huai 'en, the king of Daning County, who was named as the left servant of Shangshu, the official of secretariat, the deputy marshal of Hebei, our time of Shuofang and the prince of Shao Shi, was unhappy and very dissatisfied with the court. Pugu Wynn's meritorious service is really second only to Guo Ziyi and Li Guangbi. He was a famous star in the Tang Dynasty. He should have felt happy and happy when he was asked for a reward. However, an invisible undercurrent slowly approached him, which made him feel faint shock.
Someone told Puguhuai: Guo Ziyi, Li Guangbi and Hunhun were successively promoted by the imperial court and deprived of military power. Lai Tang was also demoted and executed because of his self-respect. Be careful yourself! ? Gu Hua didn't care too much at that time, and slowly thought: It's really bad. Let's say this brave general came to quell the Anshi rebellion. He made no other mistakes, but was beheaded because he offended the eunuch. PuGuHuaiEn suddenly felt the court's suspicion and distrust of the general, which was really chilling!
Someone then said to Bu Guhuai:? Those traitors and villains have their eyes on you and are still speaking ill of you behind your back. ? At that time, Puguhuai was angry and feared God. He wrote a book and presented it to the emperor. In his book, Bu Guhuai said that in order to quell the war in his family, 46 people died in the war, and he was closely related to Uighur. He reluctantly married his daughter to the border. Over the years, their father and son have fought many battles and died for people born in the Tang Dynasty. Today, the court should treat their father and son like this. How can this not make him feel wronged? However, this book was presented to the emperor for a few days, but it was like a stone sinking into the sea and there was no news. Pugu Wynn felt even more indignant! Therefore, he decided to declare war on the court.
In August 764, Buguhuai colluded with Tubo and turned against the imperial court. In this case, Hunhun led his men to join Guo Ziyi and expressed his loyalty to the imperial court. At that time, Xun's father, Xun Shi, stayed behind as an envoy of northern China, guarding Lingzhou, and was killed by Pugu Huai 'en's rebels. The court immediately appointed Xun as the ambassador to North China, obeyed Guo Ziyi's orders, and went to Hebei to quell the rebellion of Pugu Huai 'en and his son. Guo Ziyi of the Tang Dynasty was the ambassador to North China.
When the northern army heard that Guo Ziyi had arrived, they went out to meet Guo Ziyi. The servant set out and was killed by the Ministry. Pugu Wynn's mother scolded, and chased Pugu Wynn with a knife, saying, kill this thief for our country and take his heart to thank the three armies! ? Pu Guhuai led 200 troops to Lingwu, and incorporated scattered troops to attract 100,000 Uighur and Tubo soldiers to attack the Tang Dynasty. Guo Ziyi led the army to resist and the enemy was defeated.
In the second year, Puguhuai led hundreds of thousands of people from Uighur, Tubo, Tuyuhun and Tangut to invade, and Puguhuai died on the way. Guo Ziyi rode to the Uighur military camp several times, and made peace with Geluo, the Uighur Buddhist doctor (the younger brother of Uighur Khan). When Tubo heard the news and retreated overnight, the Tang Dynasty experienced another crisis.
In January of the second year of Dali (767), the deputy marshal of Hedong in Guanzhong and Hunhun led a crusade against Zhou, leaving it to their own disposal according to the situation. Because there were two main passes from Jingzhaofu to Hedong at that time? Tongguan and Pujinguan are both in Zhou's defense zone. So it took a lot of effort to preach the imperial edict. Dai Zongxian sent Guo Ziyi's son-in-law and assistant minister of the Ministry of Industry Zhao Zong to dictate secrets. Zhao Zong wrote the secret imperial edict on silk, hid it in the wax pill of underwear, and finally gave it to the children in the cottage path by the river and gave it to Guo Ziyi.
After receiving the secret order, Guo Ziyi immediately ordered Hunhun and Li Huaiguang to station troops along the Weihe River. In Huazhou (now Huaxian County, Shaanxi Province), Zhou publicly rebelled, and Hunjun personally led 10000 more infantry and cavalry to counter-rebel, which quickly calmed the local situation. When Zhou's soldiers heard that the generals sent by the imperial court were going to crusade against them, they all changed their minds.
On the eighth day of February, Zhou's general Li led the people of Quanzhou to surrender to the Huns. Xun Xiang reported that Zhou was demoted to be the secretary of Chengzhou according to the court decree, and other accompanying officials remained unchanged, allowing 65,438+000 people to accompany him, but Zhou still insulted the court and refused to obey. On 13th, Chaos arranged for Yao Huai and Li of Huazhou to kill Zhou, offer their heads, and escort Zhou's two sons and Zhou Guanggan to justice. 16, in Huangcheng South Street, the second son was beheaded. At the same time, the judges beheaded Shao Ben, Du and Jiang Luohan. At this point, Zhou's troubles subsided.
Xun was the most effective general under Guo Ziyi, and both Tang Dynasty and General Guo Ziyi entrusted him with the important task. He was promoted to be the guest of honor of the Prince because of his outstanding military exploits, and led the troops to stay in Fengtian (now Gan County, Shaanxi Province) and Zhou Ye (now Bin County, Shaanxi Province) for a long time. At that time, Tubo was the enemy of the Tang Dynasty and was very arrogant. As the secretariat of Yizhou, he strictly abides by the west gate of the capital, leaving Tubo people no chance. In 780, Tang Dezong succeeded to the throne, and he tried to change the passive situation of the central government.
He was relieved of his military power and was appointed as the general of Beijing, Sargin Gewei, and lived a leisurely life. Tang Dezong started the drastic action of reducing vassals according to the established goal. In the second year of Jianzhong (78 1), Chengde saved Li from death, and his son Li asked the court for his father's death and son's succession. Weber saved Tian Yue, but Tang Dezong resolutely refused.
At Li's request, Li became angry from embarrassment, so he joined Tian Yue, Li and Liang Chongyi. Soon after his death, Li's son also asked to inherit his father's position, which was rejected. Since then, the war has been raging and lasted for five years.
In 783, four years after the founding of the People's Republic of China, Huaixi (now Runan, Henan) made Li Xilie rebel and besieged Xiangcheng Ge. In desperation, the court transferred troops from Jingyuan (now Jingchuan North, Gansu Province) to clear the way. Unexpectedly, it caused a famous? Jingyuan mutiny? Datang, which has just suffered the Anshi disaster and the Zhou disaster, is even worse.
Jingyuan soldiers quickly entered the capital. They made Zhu Qiu emperor and took over the military power in Chang 'an. A group of frustrated politicians and generals in the buffer zone under Dezong began to support him. Juba established a new court in Chang 'an with his troops, calling himself Emperor Daqin, and personally led troops to attack Fengtian.
Tang Dezong fled to Mukden and just caught his breath when Zhu Ba called. Fortunately, the general of the Guards came. Xun was originally a general under Guo Ziyi. He was a very prestigious general. He led the soldiers to resist Zhu, and the people soon settled down.
Tang Dezong took out more than 1,000 empty warrants and handed them to Hunhun, asking Hunhun to recruit soldiers who are not afraid of death to guard against the enemy, and authorized Hunhun to fill them out at will according to the credit. If the power of attorney is used up, the Huns can directly write down the positions granted to soldiers, and the court will recognize them afterwards. In fact, Tang Dezong knew that the Xiongnu War might be a farewell. The emperor burst into tears. They don't know if they can make it through the day.
Governor Zhu Zhi led the rebels to attack Fengtian City. Hunjun led the soldiers to fight bloody battles day and night. Zhu's envoy tried his best to attack Fengcheng for a month, but he still didn't capture it. He was in a hurry and sent an artificial ladder to attack the city. Hunhun dug a tunnel near the city wall, which was full of dry wood, and a large number of turpentine torches were prepared on the city head.
Rebel soldiers climbed the ladder one after another, and the arrows and rain outside the city fell on the city that was about to be breached. Hunhun sent someone to light the torch. Suddenly, all the ladders were trapped in the tunnel, and the burning dry wood in the tunnel emitted fireworks. Tang Jun, above the city, threw a torch down again, burning the ladder, and the fire was still burning. The soldier on the ladder was burned and fell down. Hunxuan led the defenders to fight from all the gates, and Zhu's rebels were defeated.
At that time, two reinforcements came from the periphery of Mukden, one from the north, Li Huaiguang, our time, and the other was Li Sheng, the general of Shence Army. Seeing that the situation was not good, Zhu decided to quit the siege of Mukden and return to Chang 'an.
Tang Dezong ordered Li Huaiguang and Hunhun to recover Chang 'an. I didn't expect Li Huaiguang to go to Xianyang, but secretly colluded with Zhu Ba to fight against the Tang Dynasty. Xun arrived outside Chang 'an, with Zhu Ba in the front and Li Huaiguang in the back. There is no food and grass inside, and there are no reinforcements outside. The situation is extremely dangerous.
Hunjun is a brave and resourceful man. He inspired the soldiers with his courage and determination, and the morale of the soldiers in Tang Jun was always strong. Tang Jun, near Chang 'an, volunteered to take command. Li Huaiguang wanted to order his men to betray Hunwan, but they refused. Li Huaiguang was frightened and fled to the river first. As soon as Li Huaiguang fled, Juba was isolated. On the one hand, Xun defended Mukden, echoed Li Sheng at a distance, and advanced to Chang 'an.
Tang Jun is so powerful that Zhu didn't dare to come out in Chang 'an. Hunjun summoned the generals to discuss how to attack the city. The generals said:? Of course, it is to lay the outer city first, occupy the neighborhood, and then attack the palace. ? Xun Yu:? This block is very narrow. If we fight the enemy in the street, we will hurt the people. It is said that the enemy is armed to the teeth in the imperial garden behind the palace. It is better to open the city wall from the north and concentrate on attacking the imperial garden. In this way, the palace will not be destroyed and the people will not be disturbed. ? Then Hunhun sent his headquarters to attack and destroy the enemy outside the city first. Finally, the north wall was opened, and a large number of infantry and cavalry stormed the imperial garden together.
Juba could not resist, so it had to run away without Chang 'an. All the soldiers who had no time to escape surrendered. Hunxun gave an order to all soldiers:? Chang 'an residents have had enough of the suffering of the rebels and can't disturb them any more. ? After Tang Jun entered the city, the military discipline was strict, and Qiu did not commit a crime.
In 784, Xun, Han and Ma Sui jointly sent troops to recapture Chang 'an, and Juba was killed. Tang Dezong returned to Chang 'an. A year later, Hunhun attacked the river again and destroyed Li Huaiguang. Li Xilie, who claimed to be the king of Chu, suffered several defeats and was also killed by the Ministry. The Huns made great contributions to the unification of the Tang Dynasty.
Lu Lun, a famous poet in the Tang Dynasty, served in Hunhun shogunate for a long time. He was deeply touched by Hunhun's heroic deeds and wrote many famous articles praising Hunhun. At that time, people always compared Hunhun with Jin Ridi in the Han Dynasty. He is loyal and abides by the way of monarch and minister in the Han Dynasty. Tang Dezong always doubted the hero, but he had special respect and trust in him. According to the history books, after Zhenyuan, Tang Dezong was always afraid of making trouble in the buffer region and often tolerated traitors, but only talked about being muddy? Not enough? Hunmeng felt very satisfied in his heart, and the emperor had no doubt about himself.
Xun lived in the river for 16 years, experienced many suspicions and estrangements, and did not change his loyalty to the emperor. He became a model of the relationship between monarch and minister in history and was praised by future generations.
Tang Dezong's three most proud generals are Li Sheng, Ma Su and Hunhun. Tubo Zambezi praised his opponent and said: Li Sheng, Ma Su and Hunxun were the only three famous soldiers in the Tang Dynasty. If we don't get rid of them, it will be a threat to us? . Therefore, Hunhun was listed as the number one shooting opponent by Tubo. It can be seen that his bravery posed a great threat to Tubo, and the Tubo people tried their best to kill him. Tubo is sleepy because of muddy clouds! ? Shang Jiezan regarded him as a menace. Without him, Tubo will be in trouble.
In the second year of Zhenyuan (786), Tubo invaded the border of Datang again and was defeated by Li Sheng and Hunhun every time. However, he was not willing to fail, so he designed a banquet similar to that set by Xiang Yu for Liu Bangqiao, in an attempt to let the three famous ministers of Datang fall into his trap. This year, Tubo repeatedly asked for an alliance with the Tang Dynasty. At first, he pretended to return salt (now Yanchi North, Ningxia) and Xia (now Hengshan West, Shaanxi) to show sincerity and lure them into their trap. In autumn, Tubo invited Hunhun and others to the Tubo Alliance. Tang Dezong thought twice and decided to send Hunhun to preside over the Tang Fan Alliance.
The meeting place of the Tang-Fan Alliance is located in Pingliang. At the request of Shang Jiezan, Hunxun and other Tang Dynasty officials just entered the shogunate and prepared to change clothes. Suddenly I heard the drums, and tens of thousands of Tubo ambushes swarmed in. Hunhun is worthy of being a battle-hardened veteran. At this time, his first reaction was that Tubo was treacherous and might kill Datang personnel. Therefore, Hunhun had no time to think much, quickly escaped from behind the scenes, grabbed a war horse without stirrups, and broke through. Xun's martial arts skills are high. With the support of Tang Jun, he escaped safely and survived.
Other officials in the Tang Dynasty, starting with Cui Hanheng, the deputy envoy, all fell into the hands of Tubo, and only a few defendants returned to the Tang Dynasty after many twists and turns. Pingliang robbed the Union, and Tang Jun died in 500 battles, and more than 65,438+10,000 people were captured, resulting in heavy losses. Hunhun confessed to Tang Dezong after returning to North Korea. Tang Dezong didn't blame him at all, but let him lead troops to resist the Tubo invasion. Hunhun lived up to expectations and built a great steel wall for the Tang Dynasty. Tubo can only look at the ocean and sigh, and his dream of getting his hands on the Central Plains is shattered.
Xun worked hard to protect the environment and people for many years, and finally he was promoted to the school of Stuart and Bu Shuling. In the ninth year of Zhenyuan (793), Hunhun was ordered to rebuild Yanzhou City, which was destroyed by the Tubo army. He devoted himself to leading 6000 people and completed the construction of the city in twenty days. He was praised by Tang Dezong and regarded as a model of detainees. In the fifteenth year of Zhenyuan (799), he died of illness at the age of 64. Hearing the bad news, Tang Dezong was so sad that he posthumously granted Hunhun as his surname and added the title? Tadao? I cried for him twice. Love me, love my dog, and Xun's two sons have become dignitaries of the dynasty because of their father's immortal legacy.
Hunjun is not only the most dazzling figure in Hunbu family, but also one of the hundred outstanding generals in Tang Dynasty. Li Shangyin, a famous poet in the Tang Dynasty, left the most beautiful poems describing muddy. ? Nine halls are clean and eight horses return, and Fengtian City is the base of Changchun moss. Xianyang was originally a hero's bone, and half of it was raised by the monarch. ? After Hunxuan regained Chang 'an, he ruled the river 16 years, so he wrote in Hunhe River. Hunjun's contribution to the country is really too great. This poem is a tribute to Hunhun, which not only highlights his great contribution in helping the emperor return to Beijing and defending Fengcheng, but also praises his honest, modest and prudent character.