Henry VIII 18 years old ascended the throne and married the widow Catherine. However, his wife gave birth to only one daughter, Mary (later Mary I), and all the children born later died. Before that, there was no queen in Britain, and there was a superstition that it was unlucky for my brother to marry his brother and sister-in-law. He was having an affair with anne boleyn, the waitress. He asked his bishop and prime minister to apply to the Pope for divorce, because his marriage was approved by the Pope himself, not the Pope. The Vatican delayed approving his divorce, and his waitress became pregnant. He hastily took many measures, first dismissing the Prime Minister and detaining him, then ordering to stop paying church taxes, and finally confiscating church property, forcing the Pope to expel his church membership. At that time, under the advocacy of those who were influenced by the trend of religious reform, he announced that the Church of England would leave the Holy See and assume the supreme power of the Church of England. During this period, more than 70,000 people were executed, accounting for about 7% of the British population at that time. Since then, the Anglican Church has become the Anglican Church, an independent sect of Protestantism. In fact, the Anglican church is not a real religious reform, because it is no different from Catholicism in theory and principle, except that it does not recognize the authority of the Pope and replaces it with the emperor. The Archbishop of the Anglican Church has the same name as the Pope, and so does the English name of the Church. They are all Catholics, just to be separated from Catholicism and changed to Anglican Catholicism. Others are only partially simplified.
Henry VIII's second wife (that is, anne boleyn) only gave birth to his daughter Elizabeth (later Queen Elizabeth I). In a rage, he beheaded his second wife for adultery, because his divorce no longer needed the approval of the Pope. The third one gave birth to his son Edward (later King Edward VI of England of England) and died of lung disease. He married six wives, all of which ended badly: the first one was forced to divorce, the fourth German Protestant princess agreed to divorce, the third died of illness, the last one survived after his death, and the other two were executed by him. It is worth mentioning that the former mistress of Henry VIII and his second wife, anne boleyn, was anne boleyn's sister mary boleyn. Anne boleyn didn't want to be just the king's mistress like her sister, so she put a lot of pressure on Henry VIII to become a "publicly recognized" queen. Of course, in the end, Henry VIII broke with the church without the approval of the Pope. He divorced his first wife and married anne boleyn as the queen. In addition, he also had a large number of mistresses and illegitimate children. Later, many archaeologists suspected that he died of syphilis, which brought a country to the brink of bankruptcy.
When he died, he made a will, and Edward and his descendants inherited him; If Edward has no descendants, Mary and her descendants will inherit Edward's throne after his death; If Mary has no descendants, Elizabeth and her descendants will inherit Mary after her death. He didn't expect such a tight arrangement that the last three heirs had no descendants. After the death of Elizabeth I, the Tudor dynasty ended and the throne passed to the son of cousin Elizabeth.
2. 1868 What was the title of the king's wife in Britain at that time? The British monarch (English: British monarchy) is the head of state of Britain and its overseas territories. Now the male monarch is called the king, and lady sovereign is called the queen. The wife of a male monarch is naturally called the queen (at present, Britain is monogamous, and the monarch can only have one wife or husband).
The current monarch is Queen Elizabeth II, who ascended the throne on February 6th, 1952. The Crown Prince is his eldest son, Prince Charles of Wales. The Prince of Wales and the Queen's husband, Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh, often attend various public ceremonies. In addition to the above, the royal family also includes other children, grandchildren and cousins of the Queen.
In addition, the monarch of Great Britain has always been called the king or queen. It was not until Britain ruled India that the British monarch added the title of Indian emperor or Indian queen. However, with the independence of India, this title was abolished. In British history, only five monarchs, namely Queen Victoria, Edward VII, George V, Edward VIII and George VI, officially held the title of emperor or queen.
3. Henry VIII's six wives 1, Catherine of Aragon Catherine was the first queen of Henry VIII, Catherine was the widow of Henry VIII's brother, that is, Henry VIII's sister-in-law.
2. anne boleyn, the second queen of Henry VIII of anne boleyn, according to the description of BBC British history, anne boleyn's sister mary boleyn was Henry VIII's mistress. After Anne returned from studying in France and entered the English court, Henry VIII fell in love with her.
3. Jane Seymour1536 On May 30th, Henry VIII and Jane Seymour held his third wedding. 1536 On June 4th, she was publicly proclaimed as the Queen, but she was not officially crowned due to the spread of the plague in London at that time.
4. In order to escape the religious war in Europe, Princess Anne painter Hans Holby came to England on 1532 and was hired as a court painter. He recommended Princess Anne of Clevis, a small country between France and Holland, to Henry VIII.
Although Henry VIII didn't like the appearance of Princess Anne, they got married on1540 65438+1October 6th. 5. catherine howard1540 On July 28th, Henry VIII married catherine howard.
However, after marriage, Catherine had an affair with the priest Thomas Carr Pepper and appointed her former lover Frances Dulemet as her secretary. Someone tipped off Thomas Cranmer, then the Archbishop of Canterbury, that Catherine was having an affair with someone else, and then Cranmai tipped off Queen Henry that she was having an adultery.
6, catherine parr 1543, the elderly Henry finally married catherine parr, who worked in the court, as his sixth wife. Catherine parr is a widow who has been married twice. Her religious views are radical, but Henry is very conservative.
They often quarrel, which almost killed her several times, but she always gives in in time. References:
Baidu encyclopedia-Henry VIII.
Can you tell us the story of Henry VIII and his six wives? Henry VIII (149 1- 1547) is a famous king in English history. He is famous for reforming English religion and having six queens. Henry VIII didn't have the "three thousand rare beauties in his palace" like the ancient emperor of China, but having six queens was enough to make a sensation in English history.
His first queen was Catherine, and his father was Ferdinand II, king of Aragon. Catherine married henry vii's eldest son Arthur (brother of Henry VIII) on 150 1. The following year, Arthur died. King henry vii of England didn't want to lose the dowry brought by Catherine, and Ferdinand wanted to continue to influence British foreign policy, so Catherine married her brother Henry VIII.
The eldest son, Henry VIII (hereinafter referred to as Henry), Catherine, is 6 years old, with good looks and charming. Six children were born after marriage, all of them died except the youngest daughter. The only child later became Queen Mary I of England. As there is no male heir, Henry is dissatisfied with Catherine and gradually has the idea of divorce. In addition, Henry fell in love with anne boleyn, the court maid, and planned to divorce Catherine on 1527, but was rejected. Henry "acted first and then acted" and secretly married Bolin on 1533, and then the court declared the marriage between Henry and Catherine invalid. Henry took advantage of the topic to carry out the famous historical and religious reform in Britain, replacing the dominant position of the Pope in the English church and transforming Britain from a Catholic country to a Protestant country. Catherine was shut up in an inferior manor and died angrily after a long illness. He is 5 1 year old.
The second queen is the earl's daughter anne boleyn (1507- 1536). 1522 entered the court and became the maid of Queen Catherine. Bolin is in the prime of life and has a beautiful face. When Henry separated from Catherine, he became Henry's mistress. Later, she was secretly pregnant with Henry and had to get married secretly at 1533. When the marriage between Henry and Catherine was forbidden, Bolin was made queen. In the same year, she gave birth to a daughter, the later Queen Elizabeth I, which greatly disappointed Henry. Bolin was arrogant and arrogant, and Henry had the heart of divorce. He found another lover and fell in love with jane seymour. Bolin was finally beheaded in the Tower of London for alleged adultery (*** ery) and * * * (* * *). However, whether there is evidence remains a mystery. After only three years of marriage, Bolin lost her fragrance and left a "sad" message to the Tower of London.
Jane seymour (1509- 1537) was Henry's third queen and the daughter of a knight. She is also a maid-in-waiting, serving the first two queens. Henry turned to Seymour after Boleyn was suspected. Once Henry gave her a bag of gold coins and a love letter, begging Seymour to be his mistress. But Seymour returned the gift. She would rather be a queen than a mistress. Only 1 1 day after Bolin was beheaded, Henry and Seymour shared the joy of the bridal chamber before the bones were cold.
Seymour gave birth to a son, the later king of England, Edward VI of England. Of Henry's six queens, only she gave birth to a son. However, she fell ill during delivery and died 12 days after delivery. Seymour is not a traitor, but he is clever and docile, which makes Henry fall in love. She was also the only queen who made Henry cry after her death. Henry was buried with him after his death, which shows his love for Seymour.
The fourth queen is Anne (1515-1557), the daughter of the duke of Germany. At that time, in order to strengthen the alliance between Britain and Germany to counter the alliance between Catholic France and the holy Roman Empire, Henry and Anne were engaged. When Anne arrived in England, Henry wanted a divorce, because he thought the girl was not as beautiful as others described, just ugly and didn't understand English. But it was too late to break off the marriage, so I had to get married on 1540. Therefore, there is no happiness after marriage. Before marriage, the seeds of divorce were conceived. Later, the alliance between France and the Holy Roman Empire broke down, and then the Anglo-German alliance lost its meaning. Besides, Anne was engaged to another man before, so Henry finally divorced him. After the divorce, Anne still lived in England and spent the rest of her life peacefully on her pension. The marriage lasted only six months, the shortest of the six queens.
The fifth queen is catherine howard (152 1- 1542), who was born in a noble family and entered the DPRK in 1539. She is also in her prime, with the appearance of sinking fish and falling geese, which is quite popular with Henry. After Henry and Anne divorced, they married this Catherine immediately. But she concealed that she was living with another man, so she was accused of bigamy. But Henry finally forgave her and let bygones be bygones. To make matters worse, less than a year after marriage, she hooked up with another man. Henry was furious and beheaded her in the Tower of London.
Henry's last queen was catherine parr (15 12- 1548), who was a court official. This Catherine was widowed twice before she married Henry. She has no appearance, but she is smart and witty. Interestingly, Henry is famous for his queen, and the queen has many husbands. After Henry died, she got married for the fourth time. Of course, it is slightly inferior to Henry's six marriages.
In fact, before Henry VIII, Britain did not recognize the Queen.
Henry VIII divorced the Queen because she had no children, which directly led to the Reformation. However, Henry VIII's only youngest son, Edward VI of England, was sickly, and Henry VIII expected that he might die young. In order to prevent the nobles from arranging more distant royal families to inherit the throne, some open Henry VIII decided that Edward would be inherited by his sister Mary if he had no descendants, and his sister Elizabeth if Mary had no descendants.
This breaks the tradition that women are not kings. It is speculated that the root cause should be related to the fact that western Christianity does not recognize concubinage.
Although the king has a lover, an illegitimate child has no rights. Unlike China, an illegitimate child can also have the right to inherit. In this way, China can choose more male offspring.
References:
Jane Grey Jane Grey (1537- 1554) (King of England 1553) (daughter of henry gray, Duke of Suffolk). Grandma Mary is Henry VIII's sister.
Marry Dudley, the son of the Duke of northumberland. The Duke of northumberland made a will for Jane Grey to succeed to the throne.
After the conspiracy was exposed, Jane Grey was deposed by Queen Mary and beheaded in the Tower of London) Mary I, Mary I, (Mary I,1516+08 February 2006-155816543810. In fact, she was in office from July of 19 to June of 1558+0 16 10/7). She is the fourth and penultimate monarch of Tudor dynasty.
Her main story is that she tried to restore England from Protestantism to Roman Catholicism (1555). To this end, she executed almost 300 opponents.
So it's called "bloody Mary". Since then, bloody Mary has become synonymous with witches in English.
However, her religious policy was largely reversed by her successor, Elizabeth I (Elizabeth I, 1533 was born in Greenwich, today's Greenwich, London, 1558+0 17124 October).
She never married, so she was called "virgin queen". When she ascended the throne, England was in a chaotic state of internal religious division, but she not only successfully maintained the unity of England, but also made England one of the most powerful and wealthy countries in Europe after nearly half a century of rule.
British culture also reached a peak during this period, and famous figures such as Shakespeare and Bacon appeared. British colonies in North America also began to be established during this period.
Her rule is called the "Elizabethan period" in English history, and it is also called the "golden age". Queen Anne (Anne of Great Britain is also translated as Queen Anne, 1665 February 6th-17 14 August 1), Queen of England.
Anne is the second daughter of James II and Queen anne hyde. 1683 Married Prince George of Denmark.
170 1 year, the British Parliament passed the inheritance law, and Anne became the heir of William III. 1702, Anne ascended the throne of the Queen of England.
1707, the Parliament of England and the Parliament of Scotland merged, realizing the real union between the two countries. Because Anne was weak and worried that there would be no heir, Viscount Boleyn Brock, leader of the Tories and Minister of State, contacted Anne's younger brother, james edward, an old throne covetous, hoping that he would give up his Catholic faith in exchange for the right to inherit the throne, but was rejected.
17 14 years ago, before the death of Queen Anne, the Duke of Shrewsbury was appointed as the most important finance minister of * * *, which ensured that the throne was inherited by George, the Protestant elector of Hanova. Queen Victoria (Alexandrina Victoria1865438+May 24, 2009-19065438+1October 22) is the longest-serving monarch in Britain and the first British monarch to be called "Queen of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland" and "Queen of India".
Her 63-year reign (65438+June 20th 0837-190165438+1October 22nd) was the most powerful so-called "imperial empire" in Britain, and she ruled until her death and the beginning of World War I (19/. Elizabeth II (65438+April 2 1 0926-), whose full name is elizabeth alexandra mary windsor, is currently the monarch and head of state of the United Kingdom, a member of monwealth and 15, and also the United Kingdom.
Her full name is "God bless, Queen Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and its possessions and territories, head of the Commonwealth, and protector of the (Christian) faith. She was crowned on February 6th, 1952. She is the second longest-serving head of state at present, and the time she has lived in her own country as a head of state is about 1.
2.5 billion people. .
6. Who is the king of England in historical knowledge? Aethelstan is the real king of England.
His grandfather Alfred the Great likes to call himself "the king of England", but he is just the king of the kingdom of Wessex. When Alfred succeeded to the throne, Britain consisted of five relatively independent kingdoms.
During Alfred's reign, Cornwall became his ruling area, but Mercia, Northumbria and East Anglia surrendered to the Vikings. After a period of seclusion in Somerset Plain (where he never bakes bread), Alfred defeated the Danes and gradually regained his kingdom.
However, in the treaty signed with the defeated Viking King Guserom in 878 AD, he chose to cede half of the territory east of the London-Chester Line to the enemy, which was called the "Danish French Quarter". As the same newspaper, Gulen agreed to convert to Christianity.
In order to ensure that Scandinavian invaders could not invade easily in the future, Alfred built a series of defensive castles to ensure territorial security. These policies have all worked.
Under the rule of his grandson, the kingdom of Wessex controlled the whole of England. In 937 AD, sestan defeated the Scottish King, King Clyde, King Straus and King Dublin at the Battle of Brunburg, and established the Anglo-Saxon Kingdom.
No one can be sure where Brunenberg is. It could be Tinsley near Sheffield. Every virtue. The last king who ruled only England was godwin, and his successor, William II, was the Duke of Normandy.
Before Calais was finally abandoned in 1558, the British royal family actually ruled a part of France.
7. Who was the first king of England? Alfred (old English: lfrēd, English: Alfred; 849-899 65438+1October 26th) has also been translated into Alfred, Alfred, etc. He was the king of England in the Anglo-Saxon period and the first monarch in English history to call himself "the king of England". Because of his heroic commander-in-chief and his subjects' resistance to the Viking invasion, he was called Alfred the Great by later generations.
If you ask the first king of England, it should be Queen Anne. Queen Anne of Great Britain (also translated as Queen Ann, 1665 February 6th-17 14 August 1), Queen of Great Britain.