Zhang Zhongjing (about150 ~154 ~ 219), a famous machine, was born in Nieyang County, Nanyang County in the Eastern Han Dynasty (now dengzhou city and zhenping county, Henan Province), a great doctor in the Eastern Han Dynasty and a great man in the history of world medicine. Zhang Zhongjing's Treatise on Febrile Diseases is the first classic in the history of traditional Chinese medicine, which integrates theory, method, prescription and medicine. It has been regarded as a classic since Yuan and Ming Dynasties? Medical sage? There are even temples offering incense. Zhang Zhongjing was born on the 18th day of the first month of 150 and died in February19 at the age of 69.
He was born in a declining bureaucratic family, and his father Zhang was an official in North Korea. Due to the special family conditions, he has been exposed to many classics since he was a child. He saw the story of Bian Que's visit to Qi Huangong from the history books, and he admired Bian Que, which laid the foundation for him to become a generation of famous doctors. When Emperor Ling of the Han Dynasty was in filial piety, he served as the magistrate of Changsha. Throughout his life, he diligently sought the ancient method, learned from others, collected the achievements of his predecessors and the essence of four generations, and wrote the immortal medical masterpiece Treatise on Febrile Diseases. This medical book integrates theory, method, prescription and medicine in one furnace, which is the first in syndrome differentiation and treatment, and forms China's unique medical thought system, which has played a great role in promoting the development of medicine in later generations.
Personal life
At the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, a great clinician-Zhang Zhongjing appeared in China. He not only has rich clinical experience and treated many patients with superb medical skills, but also wrote a creative medical masterpiece Treatise on Febrile Diseases. The publication of this masterpiece has brought China's clinical medicine and prescription science to a more mature stage.
Zhang Zhongjing was born in a declining bureaucratic family. His father Zhang was a scholar and an official of the imperial court. Due to the special conditions of his family, he was exposed to many classics since he was a child. He is also studious, well-read and loves medicine. He saw the story of Bian Que's visit to Qi Huangong from the history books and admired Bian Que's superb medical skills. ? The more I look at it, the more I like it. Looking at the color of Qi Hou, I can't help but sigh its talent. ? From then on, he became interested in medicine, which laid the foundation for him to become a generation of medical masters.
At that time, social politics was dark and political affairs were corrupt. Peasant uprisings broke out one after another, and wars broke out everywhere. The Lebanese people suffered from the war, and with the epidemic, many people died. Really? Life is ruined, and bodies are everywhere? , terrible. However, the government and yamen did not want to save them, but fought for power and profits blindly, launched wars and oppressed the people. This made Zhang Zhongjing hate officialdom, despise official career and pity the people since he was a child, and he sprouted the desire to study medicine to save the country. Emperor Huan of the Han Dynasty spent four years (A.D. 16 1). At the age of about 10, he studied medicine under Zhang Bozu, a doctor from the same county.
Zhang Bozu was a famous physician at that time. He has a calm personality, a simple life and studies medicine hard. Every time I see a patient and prescribe a prescription, I am very careful and thoughtful. Nine times out of ten, the patients he treated can be cured and are deeply respected by the people. Zhang Zhongjing studied medicine with him very attentively. Whether going out for medical treatment, copying prescriptions and taking medicines, or going up the mountain to collect medicines and go home for processing, he is not afraid of suffering and fatigue. Zhang Bozu liked this student very much and taught him his rich experience of practicing medicine all his life without reservation.
He Qing, a fellow countryman older than Zhang Zhongjing, knew him quite well. He once said: You must be a good doctor in the future, because your thinking is smart and your charm is not high. ? It means that Zhang Zhongjing is talented, studious, smart and steady, but he does not have the temperament and demeanor of being an official and is not suitable for being an official. As long as you concentrate on studying medicine, you will definitely become a famous doctor in the future. He Qing's words strengthened Zhang Zhongjing's confidence in studying medicine and studied harder from then on. He read a large number of medical books and extensively absorbed the experience of various doctors for clinical diagnosis. He made great progress and soon became a famous doctor, even? Shine on you is better than blue? More than his teacher. People praised him at that time? Is his knowledge more subtle than that of the teacher? . Zhang Zhongjing advocates? Seek the ancient method diligently? Seriously study and summarize the theoretical experience of predecessors.
He carefully studied ancient medical books, such as Su Wen, Lingshu, Difficult Classics, Yin and Yang Theory, pregnancy and drug records. Among them, Su Wen had the greatest influence on him. Su Wen said: People whose husbands have a fever are typhoid fever and so on. ? Say it again? When people are hurt by cold, they are sick and hot. . Zhang Zhongjing developed this theory according to his own practice. He thinks typhoid fever is the general name of all fever, that is, diseases caused by exogenous diseases can be called? Typhoid fever He also left it to his predecessor? Syndrome differentiation and treatment? The principle of treatment has been carefully studied and put forward? Six meridians of typhoid fever? New insights.
Except him? Seek the ancient method diligently? , or? All-round learning? We have widely collected effective prescriptions for ancient and modern diseases, and even folk prescriptions have tried their best to collect them. He studied acupuncture, moxibustion, warm ironing, rubbing medicine, sitting medicine, bathing, moistening and guiding, soaking feet, washing ears, blowing ears, sublingual administration, artificial respiration and other specific therapies that people like to use, and accumulated a lot of information. After decades of struggle, Zhang Zhongjing collected a lot of information, including his personal clinical experience, and wrote sixteen volumes of Treatise on Febrile Diseases (also known as Treatise on Febrile Diseases). This book was written around 205 AD. Popular all over the world? . Wang Shuhe, a famous doctor in Jin Dynasty, arranged it. In the Song Dynasty, it was gradually divided into Treatise on Febrile Diseases and Synopsis of the Golden Chamber. Synopsis of the Golden Chamber is a miscellaneous disease part of the book.
Major achievements
Zhang Zhongjing, whose real name is Zhongjing, was born in Nieyang County, Nanyang County in the Eastern Han Dynasty (now Wolong District, Nanyang City, Henan Province, once called dengzhou city, Henan Province).
Dong Zhen was a great doctor in ancient times. His medical work Treatise on Febrile Diseases, written in 2005, has greatly promoted the development of medicine in later generations.
The Eastern Han Dynasty, where Zhang Zhongjing lived, was a very turbulent period in the history of China. There are consorts and eunuchs fighting and killing each other within the ruling class? The curse of partisan strife? . Warlords and dignitaries also fought for the hegemony of the Central Plains, and the bonfires of peasant uprisings broke out one after another. There was a period of frequent wars, and people fled to escape the war, and there were more than one million displaced people. In the first year of Chuping in Xian Di (AD 190), Dong Zhuo moved to Chang 'an with millions of residents in Xian Di and Luoyang. All the palaces and houses in Luoyang were burned, and Fiona Fang was burnt. Countless people died on the road.
According to historical records, there were three plagues during the reign of Emperor Huan of the Eastern Han Dynasty, five plagues during the reign of Emperor Ling, and the epidemic situation was more serious during the reign of Di Xian Jian 'an. Thousands of people were swallowed up by the disease, which caused an unprecedented disaster. Especially in the Eastern Han Dynasty (168- 188), the epidemic scale of the disease was 17 1 year, 173, 179, 182 and respectively. At that time, there were successive epidemics in Nanyang area, and many people died. Zhang Zhongjing's family was originally a big family with more than 200 people. In less than ten years since the early years of Jian 'an, two-thirds of people died of epidemic diseases, and seven-tenths of them died of typhoid fever.
Facing the plague, Zhang Zhongjing was very sad and angry. He hated the corruption of the rulers and pushed the people into hot water. In this regard, Zhang Zhongjing made up his mind to study the diagnosis and treatment of typhoid fever and must subdue the plague typhoid fever.
During Jian 'an period, Zhang Zhongjing traveled around the world to practice medicine and witnessed the serious consequences of various diseases on the people. Taking this opportunity, he put his years of research on typhoid fever into practice, further enriching his experience and improving his rational understanding. After decades of painstaking efforts, I finally wrote an immortal book called Treatise on Febrile Diseases. This is another most influential brilliant medical classic after Huangdi Neijing.