The last years of the Eastern Han Dynasty and the Three Kingdoms period were periods of great turmoil and great division in China's history. Picturesque mountains and rivers, for a time heroes came forth in large numbers, and heroes from all walks of life appeared one after another. Zhou Yu is one of the best.
Let's take a look at the Romance of the Three Kingdoms and the historical records of Zhou Yuchuan.
Zhou Yuzi Gong Jin, Lujiang Shu Ren people also. Grandfathers Jing and Zhong are both Han Taiwei. Father is different, Luoyang makes people. Yu is strong and handsome. At the beginning, Sun Jian begged Dong Zhuo with the volunteers to move to Shu. In the same year, Jane made a plan to be promoted to Yu and get along well with him. Yu tuinan gave up his plan and went to church to worship his mother.
As can be seen from the above nameless words, Zhou Yu was born in a famous family and served as an official for generations. Zhou Yu looks natural and handsome, and is congenial to Sun Ce. When it was difficult to start a business in Sun Ce, Zhou Yu gave Sun Ce a big house as the residence of Sun Ce. Together with Sun Ce, he founded the Jiangdong Foundation.
Imagine how such an ambitious and aboveboard hero can be said to be narrow-minded.
After Sun Ce's death, Sun Quan took power, and Zhou Yu was appointed as a central defender, sharing the power of Wu with Zhang Zhao and Chang Shi. "Internal affairs ask Zhang Zhao, and diplomacy asks Zhou Yu." A few years later, Zhou Yu conquered Ma and Bao Tun and repelled Huang Zu's attack in Jiangxia.
In 208 AD, Sun Quan conquered Jiangxia. Liu Cong surrendered when he led his troops south. When Jingzhou Water Army entered Cao Cao's hands, Dongwu soldiers were very frightened. Sun Quan asked his generals. Most people thought that Cao Cao was a tiger and a wolf. According to the star of the Yangtze River, it was better to surrender.
Only Zhou Yu thinks that Cao Cao's name is Han Xiang, but he is actually a Chinese thief. General, you know that Jiangdong has lived for three generations. How can you give it away easily? Sun Quan is more determined to resist Cao Cao.
Imagine a million-man army in front of you. How can it be said that it is narrow-minded?
After Battle of Red Cliffs, Zhou Yu accurately analyzed the situation, realized the importance of giving up, and proposed to take Yizhou and Hanzhong with Ma Chao to consolidate Sun Quan's chassis and strength in Jiangdong. Unfortunately, he died halfway before he could conquer.
How can such a commander-in-chief be said to be narrow-minded? Besides, Zhou Yu died of illness on the way and had no resentment at all.
(2) The records of Battle of Red Cliffs and Zhou Yu in Zi Tongzhi Jian.
When Zhou Yu arrived, he said to Quan, "Although Cao Cao is famous, in fact, Han thieves are also ... Now it's cold and the horses have no wind. Driving China scholars to travel far and wide. If you are not used to water and soil, you will get sick. This number is also the danger of fighting. A general bird exercise should be held today. "
Sima Guang was a famous historian in the Northern Song Dynasty. He created a magnificent chronicle work "Zi Tongzhi Jian" in the history of China. Zitongzhi Sword has a history of more than 65,438+0,300 years since it split into the Five Dynasties in the Warring States and the Three Jin Dynasties. As the name implies, The Lessons Learned from Mutual Learning is a reference for contemporary rulers according to their success or failure, ups and downs, experiences and lessons. Zi Tong Zhi Jian recorded the cause and effect of Battle of Red Cliffs in detail, which should be very objective.
In the battle of Guandu in 200 AD, Cao Cao was able to defeat Yuan Shao with fewer victories, but why did Cao Cao become the loser of Battle of Red Cliffs eight years later?
There are many reasons, one of which is that Cao Cao's soldiers got a terrible plague. At the beginning of the war, a plague had already occurred among Cao Cao's soldiers. You are unfavorable and retreat to Jiangbei. Zhou Yu's Ministry, Huang Gai, took the opportunity to put forward the suggestion of attacking Cao Cao by fire, which was supported by Zhou Yu and succeeded. Cao Cao suffered a crushing defeat, and Battle of Red Cliffs laid the foundation for the tripartite confrontation among the three countries.
Battle of Red Cliffs and Cao Cao were defeated for many reasons. In addition to the terrible plague, Cao Jun has the wisdom of all counselors and generals. "Not for the weather, but also for others." At the critical moment when Cao Cao's army went south, Zhuge Liang put forward the idea of uniting Wu Dong to resist Cao Cao.
Just then, Lu Su came to Xiakou with the same purpose.
Zhuge Liang and Lu Su hit it off and went to Chaisang to see Sun Quan. When most soldiers in Wu Dong advocated surrender, Lu Su kept a clear head. He advocated that Sun Quan should take part in the battle. Zhou Yu analyzed the real strength of Cao Jun soldiers, and finally strengthened Sun Quan's determination to resist. Battle of Red Cliffs ended up with a great victory for Sun and Liu and a great defeat for Cao Cao, which laid the foundation for the tripartite confrontation among the three countries.
Battle of Red Cliffs's greatest hero is Zhou Yu, who accurately judged that most of Cao Cao's soldiers were from the north, and going to war was a taboo for military strategists. Moreover, soldiers from the north, unaccustomed to the soil and water in the south, are bound to get sick, just taking this opportunity to slay Cao Cao. Sure enough, at the beginning of the war, Cao Jun had a plague and got off to a bad start. Then Huang Gai was given a chance, and the ending was behind. There is no such thing as a straw boat borrowing an arrow, which has nothing to do with "borrowing the east wind" Where did Zhou Yu come from "being jealous of talents and being narrow-minded"?
Even in the Romance of the Three Kingdoms, there are praises for Zhou Yu. In Chapter 45 of Romance of the Three Kingdoms, Jiang Gan, an old classmate of Zhou Yu's, tricked Cao Cao into killing two generals, Cai Mao and Zhang Yun. Jiang Gan said, "Zhou Yu is frank and unmoved by words." . It can be seen that Zhou Yu is by no means a jealous and narrow-minded person.
(3) Zhou Yu's arrangement for the aftermath.
After Battle of Red Cliffs, Zhou Yu realized the importance of giving up and proposed to take Yizhou and Hanzhong with Ma Chao to consolidate Sun Quan's chassis and strength in Jiangdong. As a result, I was jealous of talents and died halfway. At the age of 36.
The year is 2 1 1.
The stars fall and the three armies mourn. However, before he died, Zhou Yu recommended his successor Lu Su to Wu Zhu Sunquan.
If Zhou Yu's attitude towards Liu Bei is the main battle, then Lu Su is the main peace.
After Zhou Yu's death, Lu Su became the governor of Soochow, and Sun and Liu maintained their friendship for decades. Until Lu Su's death, Bai Yi crossed the river to attack Guan Yu, and Sun and Liu officially tore their faces.
Liu Bei led an army to avenge Guan Yu. The battle of Yiling was defeated and he died in Baidicheng. While Shu was hit hard, the power of Soochow was also greatly consumed. There is no longer the power to deal with the northern Cao Wei. From this perspective, Lu Su is the most knowledgeable. Zhou Yu has a unique vision.
How can such a man with keen insight and courage recommend a man who is at odds with his own political views as commander-in-chief?
(4) Zhou Yu's praise from the literati of past dynasties.
Du Mu, a great poet in the late Tang Dynasty, wrote a poem "Red Cliff":
A broken iron halberd sank into the sand and disappeared, only to find that it was the remnant of Battle of Red Cliffs after grinding and washing.
If the east wind is not convenient for Zhou Yu, I'm afraid the outcome will be Cao Cao's victory and Er Qiao's detention in Tongquetai.
Du Mu jokingly attributed Battle of Red Cliffs's victory to the southeast wind. If it weren't for the southeast wind, Cao Cao would have kidnapped Da Qiao and Xiao Qiao and locked them on the bronze sparrow terrace.
There are countless works describing the fierce war scenes in the Three Kingdoms period, praising the heroic figures who are strategizing and commanding decisively, the most famous of which is Su Dongpo's "Niannujiao Chibi Nostalgia":
The surging river flows eastward, and those heroes of the past are gone forever. To the west of the old base, there is a rich collection of people: Chibi, Zhou Lang, where the three countries stand. The steep rock wall, like thunder waves lapping against the river bank, waves like rolling up thousands of snow. The majestic rivers and mountains are picturesque, and many heroes emerge at once.
Looking back on Zhou Yu's spring breeze era, young and beautiful Joe just married him, and he was full of heroic spirit. Feather fan nylon scarf, talking and laughing, all gone. I am wandering in the battlefield today. I feel a feeling heart and give birth to white hair prematurely. Life is like a dream, sprinkle a glass of wine to pay tribute to the bright moon on the river.
Look at Su Shi's description of Zhou Yu: heroic and heroic, feather fan with black silk scarf, laughing and laughing, disappearing. This is clearly a gentle Confucian general, "between strategizing." Winning thousands of miles away ",laughing frankly and repelling Cao Cao's millions of soldiers.
You know, Zhou Yu was in his thirties when he was in Battle of Red Cliffs. It was an era when people were proud of the scenery in their lives, and "feather fan black silk scarf" became synonymous with Zhou Yu.
Later, with the further popularization of Romance of the Three Kingdoms, Luo Guanzhong transplanted Zhou Yu's description to Zhuge Liang. In the film and television drama Romance of the Three Kingdoms, Zhuge Liang shook a goose feather fan, knowing astronomy above and geography below, like a Confucian scholar. As we all know, the image of this "feather fan black silk scarf" originally refers to Zhou Yu.
Author brief introduction Wei Lindong, a Chinese teacher in No.13 Middle School of Linzhou City, Henan Province, is a provincial backbone teacher. I usually like to write and record my life with a pen.