In the second year of Xuanhe in the Northern Song Dynasty (1 120), Song and Jin countries formed a maritime alliance, and agreed that Jin would attack Liaozhongjing and Song would attack Liaoyanjing. After that, sixteen counties will be returned to Song, and the rest of the land will be returned to Jin. Later, the nomads from northern Liaoning attacked Beijing, and 200,000 troops were defeated in the Song Dynasty. Yanjing was captured by the Jin people, Emperor Tianzuo was captured, and the Liao country perished. The battle between Jin and Liao exposed serious corruption. Song Ting actually asked Jin people to fulfill it, and Jin people pointed out that Song people did not fulfill their promise to attack Yan. Song Ting bought back sixteen counties with old coins. After that, there was a fierce power struggle in the Northern Song Dynasty: Wang Nai's power of "restoring Gong Yan" became stronger and stronger, and he was at odds with Prince Zhao Huan, plotting to establish Zhao Kai and Wang Yun as princes. On the right, Li Bangyan and Cai You joined forces to crowd out Wang Fu. What is the reason for the suggestion? He also impeached Wang Fu for being "immoral and overbearing", so Wang Fu went on strike. At this time, Zhu Xuli urged Hui Zong to reuse Cai Jing, the eighty-year-old blind old traitor who couldn't write. Cai Jing became the manager of a surname, and the specific affairs were in charge of his son Cai taeniasis. In "White Stone", he is the left leader and Li Bangyan is the right leader, and everything is done according to the will of Cai Jing and his son.
1 123 Before July, Zhang Jue (now Lulong, Hebei Province), a general of Liao State and Jin Ping, stayed in Pingzhou, and then fled to Yanjing, a former Liao State that just became Yanshan Prefecture in the Northern Song Dynasty. Jin people pleaded guilty on the grounds of surrendering generals privately. In the Northern Song Dynasty, the Yanshan government wanted to behead Zhang Jue, which caused dissatisfaction among the Han people in sixteen states. 11April 25, Tong Guan, Cai You, Bai Shizhong and Li Bangyan rejected Cai Taize. Cai Jing was dismissed from office again, Tong Guan was appointed as the county king, and Cai You was added as the Pacific Insurance. In August, the State of Jin attacked the Song Dynasty on the grounds of the Zhang Jue incident.
event
In the seventh year of Xuanhe in the Northern Song Dynasty (1 125), Jin Jun attacked the Song Dynasty from east to west. On the East Road, Gan led the troops, but he did not lead the troops to attack Yanjing. West Road starts from the Korean War and goes straight to Taiyuan. Jinbing East Road broke Yanjing, crossed the Yellow River and went south to Bianjing (now Kaifeng, Henan). Seeing that Song Huizong was in danger, Naichan was placed in Prince Zhao Huan, and Zhao Huan ascended the throne for Song Qinzong with tears in his eyes. In the first month of the first year of Jingkang (1 126), Han Zong led the Jinbing East Road Army to Bianjing, forcing Song Yihe to withdraw. The Jin people demanded five million and two thousand gold and five thousand and two hundred silver coins, and ceded Zhongshan, Hejian and Taiyuan. In August of the same year, 8 jin j attacked Song in two ways; Leap in November, Jin Lianglu army stationed to conquer Bianjing. Song Qinzong went to Jin people's camp to make peace and was detained by Jin people.
The detailed process of Jin's first attack on Song Dynasty
(1 125) In August, in the seventh year of Song Huizong Xuanhe, in the third year of Jin Taizong Tianhui, Hong Yan Wang Zong and Hong Yan Han Zong called on Zhang Jue to attack the Song Dynasty. In October, Yan Hong Zongwang led an army from Pingzhou (now lulong county, Qinhuangdao City, Hebei Province) to attack Yanshan House (now southwest of Beijing). Song Yizhou (now Yixian County, Baoding City, Hebei Province) surrendered to Han Minyi. In December, Chen Jia (Gregorian calendar 1 126 1.2) defeated Song Jun in Baihe (now Baihe Canyon in Miyun County, Beijing) and Gubeikou (now Gubeikou Town in Miyun County, Beijing). Two days later, the Song Dynasty surrendered to Guo, and the defense of Song Yanshan House collapsed. Soon, Song Zhongshan (now Dingzhou, Hebei Province) sent 30,000 reinforcements, and in June+1October, 5438+April, Song Bing broke 5,000 troops in Calm House (now Zhengding, Hebei Province), and in June+KLOC-0/October, 22+Kexin House (now Xingtai, Hebei Province).
Wan Yan Han Zong, left deputy marshal of West Road, led the army to attack Taiyuan from Datong (now Shanxi), but it was not as smooth as Wan Yan Wang Zong. In the third year of Tianhui, Gengzi Day (1kloc-0/25 65438+February 29th) conquered Shuozhou (now Shuozhou, Shanxi) and Wushen Day (1 126 65438+ October 6th) broke Daizhou (now Daixian, Shanxi). Even the military plane was slow to move until it was learned that WanYanZongWang made peace with Song.
In the first year of Jingkang (the fourth year of Tianhui, 1 126), on the fourth day of the first month (65438+127 October), Hongyan Wangzong crossed the Yellow River. The next day, it captured (now Huaxian County, Henan Province) and surrounded Bianjing (now Kaifeng, Henan Province), the capital of the Northern Song Dynasty, on June 365438+1October 3 1 day. Li Gang, who defended Bianjing, was able to resist effectively and failed to break the city. In February, the Song Dynasty took Kang Wang Zhao Gou and Prince Zhang Bangchang as hostages and ceded Taiyuan, Zhongshan and Hejian (now Hebei) to make peace.
The first Kaifeng siege
Yan hong zong nan Wang, Song Huizong busy except Hua shigang and internal and external manufacturing bureau. Song Jun councilor Yuwen Xu Zhong wrote to the imperial court that it was wrong to use Tong Guan and Wang Fu as coaches, and predicted that "there will be a disaster of self-immolation" and repeatedly built a defense strategy, but Wang Fu ignored it. At this time, Song Huizong asked Yu Yuwen in vain. Yuwen Xuzhong believes that only by writing a letter to offend oneself first and reforming the shortcomings can we save people's hearts. Hui Zong asked Yuwen Xu Zhong and Wu Min to draft a confession, and called on the regular troops stationed in various places to join the capital, mainly to convene the Xiliang Army (the border guards of Xixia in the Song Dynasty, the most elite troops at that time). Xihe managed to get Yaogu and Qin Feng to lead the troops into Beijing. When Wan Yan Zonghan invaded Zhongshan House, Huizong wanted to abandon Kaifeng and flee. Wu Min, a hawk (later converted to a capitulator), strongly opposed the escape and recommended Taichang Shao Qing Li Gang to defend the city. Li Gang played the five strategies of "keeping honor" and advised: "If you are not a prince, you will not be able to attract heroes in the world", and suggested abdicating and "withdrawing your troops". Hui Zong appointed Wu Min as assistant minister for the Prince. In December, Prince Zhao Huan acceded to the throne and became Song Qinzong, changing the title of the following year to "Jingkang". Hui Zong abdicated, was named Di Jun, the leader, and called him "the emperor's father".
On the third day of the first month of Jingkang, Hui Zong, Cai Jing, Tong Guan and others heard that 8 Jin Army crossed the Yellow River and fled to the south overnight. Hui Zong only took Cai You and a few followers and fled to Bozhou in the name of "burning incense", and then fled from Bozhou to Zhenjiang; Tong Guan and the front of the temple commanded Gao Qiu to lead the Victory Army and the Guards to catch up with Hui Zong in Sizhou. Cai Jing also led his family to the Duke of Zhou in the name of "Attaché". As soon as the news came out, public opinion exploded. Former student Chen Dong wrote that Cai Jing, Wang Fu, Tong Guan, Liang Shicheng, Li Yan and Zhu Cuo were "six thieves" and that "six thieves have the same name and the same crime" should be put to death and "spread all over the world to thank them". Song Qinzong then dismissed Wang Fu. Li Gang asked Wang Fu to be beheaded, and Yin sent warriors to Kaifeng to behead Wang Fu. Li Yan and Liang Shicheng are dead. Cai Jing and Tong Guan were demoted to Bozhou. Cai Jing died in Tanzhou on the way to exile, and Qin sent an army supervisor to suggest beheading Tong Guan. In September, Zhu CuO, Cai You and Cai Hui were exiled, and they were all beheaded in exile. Cai taeniasis was also exiled and died of illness.
On the third day of the first month, after fleeing to the south, he immediately made a personal expedition, and ordered the assistant minister under the door to be the assistant envoy of the personal expedition camp, closed the museum and served as the bachelor of Kaifeng Prefecture, Yin, and the assistant minister of the Ministry of War Li Gang as the staff officer of the camp. The next day, prime ministers Bai Shizhong, Li Bangyan and other capitulationists suggested that Qin Zong abandon the city and flee to Xiangyang and Dengzhou. When Li Gang learned of it, he immediately went to the temple to discuss against it: "Today's plan is nothing more than the whole Li Shima, claiming to go out, consolidating people's hearts, and sticking to it for the diligent teacher." Qin Zong asked, "Who can use soldiers?" Li Gang said that this should be the responsibility of Premier Bai Shizhong and Premier Li Bangyan. When Bai Shizhong asked Li Gang if he could lead the troops into battle, Li Gang replied, "If I manage the army, I would like to die." So Song Qinzong appointed Li Gang as Shangshu Youcheng, staying in Tokyo, knowing the Privy Council's affairs Li Chang (Zhu) as an agreement, and Nie Chang as a military envoy, leading the troops to guard the city. But on the third morning, when he entered the DPRK, Song Qinzong was persuaded by the capitulators to go south. Li Gang persuaded Qin Zong to stay, and said, "The intention has been decided, and those who dare to reply will be beheaded!" Qin Zong boarded Xuande Gate, and Wu Min and Li Gang announced to the officials in front that they were determined to defend Tokyo. Bai Shizhong was removed from office, and public discussion was quick. Li Bangyan and Zhang Bangchang came together and knew that Cai Mao of the Privy Council was a senior minister, Zuo Cheng.
Li Gang divided his troops into hundreds of steps to defend, and each of the four walls used twelve thousand regular troops. Around 40,000 people, 8,000 people in each army. Divided into general officers, the former army was sent to guard the granary outside the East Gate, and the latter army guarded Fanjiagang outside the East Gate. It is also equipped with various defensive weapons and tools. Within four days, the defense facilities were almost ready. At this time, only the Jinguo East Road Army of Wanyanzongwang participated in the siege of Kaifeng. Hong Yanzong Han's Jin State marked army was not only stumped in Taiyuan, but also refused the deployment of dividing the marked army proposed by Wang Yanzong, so that hundreds of marked troops arrived in Kaifeng smoothly at the speed of Zhongshi Road, and Wang Yanzong passively retreated to Yang Meng in the northwest suburb of Kaifeng to camp. Yao's army robbed Yan Zongwang's camp and was wiped out. It was pointed out that Li Bangyan and Li Chang, the capitulators, intentionally or unintentionally revealed the news to the spy Deng Gui to force the hawkish Li Gang to make peace. After the failure to rob the village, Li Gang and Zhongshidao were revoked military power. When Jin Bing returned to Kaifeng City, Song Qinzong was very scared. He sent a messenger and said, "I didn't know about it at first, and I will punish him." . Li Bangyan also ordered Song Qinzong not to offend the nomads from the army, and the machine gunner was executed after shooting. Yan Hong Zongwang attacked the city again and was repelled by the Western Army, so he stopped attacking and took people hostage, and Kang Wang was able to return.
Jin attacked Song first and withdrew.
The Jin Guo East Road Army, which was trapped by Wang Zongwei of Wan Yan for the first time, failed. Before he left, he sent someone into the city to bid farewell and sent a farewell letter saying, "I don't want to make a statement in Kuiting, so I can't do it in the army." I want to send someone and others to be my deputy. Some talents are rare and unique. I am willing to give a speech in a book. " When Yan Hong Zongwang withdrew his troops, the 30,000 elite Qin of the marked army, led by Zhongshidao's younger brother, arrived in Kaifeng, Tokyo. The seed teacher ordered him to lead the troops to follow the 8 Jin Army, and after a half-way, he completely destroyed the half still on the south bank, which dealt a heavy blow to the most elite East Route Army and eliminated future troubles. Li Gang also suggested that the story of [1] be used to "escort" 8 Jin Jun out of the country and inform the generals to pursue it whenever they have the chance. On the surface, Song Qinzong also agreed with Li Gang's suggestion and sent hundreds of troops to "escort" closely. However, Wu Min (at this time, he has turned to please the main force of 8 Jin J), Tang Ke (Qu), Geng Nanzhong and other capitulationists finally crushed the main force, and sent people to erect a banner on the edge of the Yellow River, strictly ordering the army not to bypass the banner to catch 8 Jin J, or they would be put to death.
Later, Zhongshidao put forward the method of making up after the sheep died, and suggested that troops should be stationed on both sides of the Yellow River to prevent Jin Jun from crossing the river again, so as to prepare in advance for the next "autumn defense" [2]. Song Qinzong was allowed to take part in the competition, but was soon defeated by capitulators such as Wu Min, Tang Ke and Geng Nanzhong. He thinks that if Jin Jun doesn't come, the huge military expenditure will be wasted and he refuses to adopt the idea of training teachers. Later, the teacher's anger led to illness and even death. Li Gang was transferred to Hedong, Hebei Province, doing nothing. Finally, he was deported to Jiangxi.
The detailed process of Jin's second attack on Song Dynasty
Soon, Xiao Zhonggong was used to make Song meet the army. Song Qinzong thinks that both of them were aristocrats in Liao country, and they can be lured and used. He sealed a letter with wax pills and asked Xiao Zhonggong to send Lu Ye as the inside man. Xiao Zhong Palace hurried back to the State of Jin to see Wang Zong and presented a wax pill letter. In August, Wang Zong used this as a reason to gather troops to attack the Song Dynasty again. The second attack on Bianjing was still a contest between Wan Yan Han Zong and Wan Yan Wang Zong.
In the first stage, like the first attack on the Song Dynasty, Hong Yanhan of West Road set out from Datong in August (Gregorian calendar11September 5, 2026). The next day, he defeated Zhang Hao's army in Wenshui (now Shanxi) and occupied Taiyuan on September 2 1. On September 8, East Road WanYanZongWang set out from Baozhou and defeated Song Bing in Xiongzhou (now Xiongxian County, Baoding City, Hebei Province) and Zhongshan (now Dingzhou City, Hebei Province). /kloc-in September of 0/5, Xinle (now Hebei) was captured. On September 26th, General Song was selected from Jingxing, taking Tianwei Army (now Jingxing County, Hebei Province) and Ke Calm (now Zhengding, Hebei Province).
In the second stage, after a comprehensive recovery, Hongyan Han of West Road attacked Bianjing from Taiyuan on June 1 18, captured Weisheng Army (now Qinxian County, Shanxi Province) on June 22nd, and crossed Jin Meng (now Jin Meng, Henan Province) on June 29th. Song Xijing (now Luoyang, Henan Province), Anjun Yong (now Yanshi East, Henan Province) and Zhengzhou (now the capital of Henan Province) all surrendered. 65438+ February 4th, Yan Hong, Keze Prefecture, Han Zong (now Jincheng, Shanxi). East Road WanYanZongWang165438+1October 20th directed and performed Bianjing Raiders; On February 4th, 65438, Wang Zongdajun crossed the river, and then captured He Lin County (now south of He Lin Village in the northeast of Xun County, Henan Province), daming county (now Hebei Province), Deqing Army (now Qingfeng, Henan Province) and Kaidefu (now Puyang, Henan Province). 65438+February 10, Kehuai County (now Qinyang, Henan Province) arrived at the gates of Bianjing. 65438+ February 65438+ June, Song sent troops to refuse to fight and was defeated by others. 12 17, Wan Yanhan arrived at Bianjingmen and was robbed by Wang Zong, Wan Yan.
The siege of the second Kaifeng
Compared with the first siege in Kaifeng, the situation of the second siege in Song Dynasty was much more difficult:
Taiyuan, guarded by Wang Bing, finally fell after Yan Yan Loushi was besieged by 50,000 Jin Jun for more than 250 days. This part of Yan Yan Loushi's army crossed the Yellow River in the south and entered Luoyang in the west, blocking Tongguan, leaving the most elite western army in the Song Dynasty within Tongguan, cutting off the road of Qin Wang from the east.
In the first siege, only the Eastern Route Army of Wanyanzongwang arrived at the gates of Kaifeng, and its troops were limited. Siege activities are limited to the west and north corners, and sometimes spread to the northeast corner, but the south gate has never been attacked. During the second siege, the Jin army attacked in two ways, was surrounded, and was completely isolated in Tokyo.
Before the first siege, the Northern Song Dynasty imperial court formulated the strategy of defending by fighting on the eve of Wanyanzongwang's arrival in Kaifeng. Li Gang was appointed as a personal envoy stationed in the camp and an imperial envoy stationed in the four walls of Beijing, and gained the power to preside over the war. During the second siege, Li Gang was deprived of military power together with Zhongshidao because Yao failed to rob the village. Why did Song Qinzong grant all the powers of war, national defense and peace to the Prime Minister? . What? While superstitious about Guo Jing's six magic weapons, he sent Feng Ke, the special envoy of the Tang Dynasty, to make peace with Hongyan Hanzong's army, thinking that he had double insurance, but it was not the way to defend the city. Song Qinzong also temporarily sent Liu Ge, who was punished in Beijing, to guard the four walls. In addition, Sun Fu was the Shoujiang, with different powers and many constraints. Sun Fu and He? In this way, I pinned my hopes on the magic weapon of the demon Guo Jing.
When the city was besieged for the first time, there were 60,000 people in the Eastern Route Army of Hongyan Wangzong, and this time it increased to 80,000 people. The main commanders Shuo Mu, Chang, Liu Yanzong, etc. are still in the army, and only Guo stayed in Yanjing in the name of staying and guarding [3]. The marked army is still controlled by three generals: Hong Yan Han Zong, Hong Yan Sheen and Hong Yan Loushi. Hong Yan Yin Shu and other war generals are under his command. Han people are of noble descent, and love is always sought after. Wan Yan Lou Tun and Wan Yan Xiyin took turns to Tongguan to stop the Western Army from being diligent in the Song Dynasty. The total number of flag troops was originally equivalent to that of the East Route Army, and it was also more than 60,000 people. After a long siege of Taiyuan, the troops were constantly replenished and the total number of people more than doubled. At this time, in addition to the 50,000 people who blocked Tongguan, 70,000 to 80,000 people participated in the second Kaifeng siege. The strength of the Jin army in the east and west roads has exceeded150,000, which is one and a half times more than that in the first siege. On the Song side, there were 200,000 to 300,000 imperial troops originally in Kaifeng and loyalists who came from the northwest during the first siege. After the end of the Qing dynasty, these troops were not put in their proper places, some were sent back to the northwest, some suffered losses in the Taiyuan Qing dynasty, some were scattered on the south bank of the Yellow River, and some were dismissed by the surrenders Tang Ke and Geng Nanzhong for economic reasons. So that during the second siege, there were less than 70 thousand defenders in the city. Qin from all over the country has long been pinned down by Geng Nanzhong. Only Zhang Shuye, the satrap of South Island, and his two sons Bofen and Zhongxiong refused to surrender and recruited thirteen thousand loyal soldiers. They met Hong Yan Han Zong's department in Yingchang House, and they won and lost each other in eighteen wars. Finally, the whole army invaded Kaifeng, which was the only loyal army in the second siege.
On the third day of November (1 127 1.9), Guo Jing, Hong Yan Wang Zong, Hong Yan Han Zong and other generals broke the city and captured Song Huizong and Qinzong.
Be captured
In the second year of Jingkang (the fifth year of Tianhui, 1 127), on the third day of February (March 20), the Northern Song Dynasty perished (960-1/27), and Emperor Taizong of Jin deposed Song Huizong and Song Qinzong, and they were exiled to Shu Ren and forced to take off. At the beginning, Hongyan wanted Han Zong to surrender to Li Re-shui. After a few days, it was ineffective, so he let his men handle it. Li Ruoshui was full of foul language, and Han Zong's men cut their throats and died. On March 20th, Ding Youri (April 20th), Jin Jun made Zhang Bangchang emperor with the title of "Da Chu". Then retreat in two ways; On the one hand, a group of people, including Zheng, Prince, Grandson, Princess and Concubine, went north along the slippery state; On the other hand, a group of people including Qin Zong, Zhu, Prince, Imperial Clan, Sun Bin, etc. went north along Zhengzhou, including thousands of musicians and craftsmen. History is called "the change of Jingkang". Because the first year of Jingkang was the year of Bingwu, it was also called "the shame of Bingwu".
Jing Kang Zheng recorded the national tragedy in detail. Because it is embarrassing, most of the official history can't be recorded, so the reference value is very high. Among them, "The Man in the urn" records: In December of the first year of Jingkang, "On the 24th, Kaibao Temple caught fire. On the 25th, Rousseau imperial academy went out of the city. " In the first month of the second year, "on the 25th, Rousseau's jade books, chariots and crowns were all presented to the court, and there were 600 girls and hundreds of musicians in the workshop. On the 27th, Lu took 50 eunuchs and returned 30 in the evening. The fire from Xinsongmen to Caomen. On the 28th, 47 people including Cai Jing, Wang Fu and Tong Guan Cargill left the city. " Before and after the Jinbing besieged Bianjing, they burned, killed, looted and raped women. In the Song Dynasty, besides gold and silver, a large number of officials and people were plundered, especially women. Jin people deliberately asked for "600 women" and did not ask for boys. Leap in November of the first year of Jingkang, "On the 27th, the nomads from the giant room, the home of Ming-fire, the home of Lan Cong and the home of Meng burned thousands of rooms along the way. I can't leave (Wan Yan Wang Zong) and plunder more than 70 women outside the city. "
According to Records of the Southern Expedition, on the tenth day of December of the first year of Jingkang, Steven Song "Wu Kai and Mo Zhuo passed on the meaning of Song Dynasty, and allowed two princes, two adopted daughters, two thousand crowns, chariot jewels and five hundred adopted daughters to pay tribute." Lu Dugu, a thousand households guarding the city, killed his brother Shang Fuzao, because Shang Fuzao "lived in a big house and raped the women that Lu Dugu plundered". On the 22nd day of the first month of the second year of Jingkang, "the original military expenditure10,000,000 ingots and 5,000,000 taels of silver must be settled within ten days. If it is not enough, Emperor Ji [IV] and Princess Wang [V] will get 1,000 gold ingots, Zong Ji [VI] will get 500 gold ingots, clan Ji [VII] will get 200 gold ingots, clan wife will get 500 silver ingots, clan wife will get 200 silver ingots, and your daughter will get 100 silver ingots. " "Since the 25th day of the first month, Kaifeng Prefecture and Tianjin have sent people into the village in an endless stream. Women, from the imperial palace to musicians, number more than 5,000, all choose to dress up. Three thousand boys and girls were chosen, and the rest were eliminated from the city. Guo Xiang (Wan Yan Han Zong) brought dozens of people, and everyone gave himself a few people above grams and one or two people below grams. " On the fifth day of the second month, Hong Yan Han Zong hosted a banquet for his generals, so that the wives in the palace could change into clothes and pour wine. Those who disobeyed were put to death. At that time, Zheng, Xu and Lu disobeyed orders and beheaded them, and there were "martyrs Zhang and Cao Shi who resisted the second prince (the one) and stabbed him to death with iron bars, bleeding for three days before opening the account." On the seventh day of the seventh lunar month, the princess and Ji Di entered the village, and the prince took the warning and everyone begged for their lives. "
"Kaifeng House Table" states: "Choose eighty-three concubines, twenty-four princesses and twenty-two imperial princesses, and give one thousand gold ingots to get one hundred and thirty-four thousand gold ingots, which is twice the welfare of the five imperial princesses in the imperial palace. There were ninety-eight concubines, twenty-eight concubines, fifty-two concubines, seventy-eight concubines and one hundred and ninety-five concubines, and they got five hundred gold ingots and two hundred and twenty-five thousand five hundred gold ingots. Clan members 124 1 person, 248,200 gold ingots are allowed. There were 479 ladies-in-waiting, 600 single women, 2000 single women, and 500 silver ingots were allowed, and the silver1587,000 ingots were obtained. There are 2000 single women and 13 14 singers, each of whom is allowed 200 pieces of silver and gets 664200 pieces of silver. There are 33 nobles, officials and women, 33 19, and 100 ingots of silver are allowed and 33 1900 ingots of silver are obtained. There are 602,000 gold ingots and 2,583,120 silver ingots allowed. " Actually, there is 1 1635, and the woman has mortgaged it for a discount.
"Groans" contains: "The plundered people are there, and the princes of Lu are holding their daughters and drinking wine and meat for orchestral fun."
According to the translation of Qing Palace, Yan's eldest son Sheyema took a fancy to her daughter Zhao Fujin. Yan asked to give this huge sum of money to She Yema, but she didn't agree, because this huge sum of money had already married Cai Jing's daughter-in-law. He was furious and said, "Yesterday, I was ordered by the imperial court to remove Lu. How can you resist an order? There are two guests in the class. " Hui Zong said: "There is a heaven in the world, an emperor in the world, and everyone has a wife." However, it is useless. On the way to the north, Ma also married Fujin. After returning to Beijing, Jin Taizong made a promise to "give the Fujin Emperor, Princess Xu Shengying, Gong Yaoyang Diaoer, Chen and others as concubines." Zhu from was molested by thousands of people when he went to the toilet on his way to the north. Other women were ravaged and many people died. At the beginning, there were more than 3000 imperial clan teams. In Yanjing, there were only 1000 people left, and ten people were ill.
According to the Book of Prisoners in Song Dynasty, the total number of prisoners before departure was14,000, and they were taken to the north in seven batches, of which the first batch was "more than 2,200 imperial clan men and more than 3,400 women". On March 27th, Jingkang left Guoxiang Village in Qingcheng and arrived in Yanshan on April 27th, with more than 1,900 women. Within a month, nearly half of 1500 women died. 1900 Some of the survivors were sent to Beijing by Jin Taizong. Among them, thousands of women were sent to the people left behind by the state of Jin, and another 300 women were kept in the laundry room (official brothel). These people were forced to follow the local custom of Nuzhen, "naked and wearing wool skin". Zheng and Zhu also received the same treatment. Empress Zhu was humiliated and returned to the palace to hang herself. After being rescued, she committed suicide by drowning. The other part stayed in Yanjing and was given to the nomadic people who cut the Song Dynasty. Many women were sold as prostitutes, some were exchanged by Yan for ten horses, and some were sold to North Korea and Mongolia as slaves. "Groans" quoted Yan Yan as saying that these women, "ten people and nine prostitutes, lost their honor and their lives", "just left the music house, that is, they went to the ghost record", and the author of Ren Yanju recorded one of his blacksmith neighbors, "eight gold to buy a wife is really a prince's daughter-in-law, a relative's nephew and a Jinshi's wife". Yu Yu, an envoy of the Northern Song Dynasty who was exiled to the State of Jin, once met Zongji of the Northern Song Dynasty and became a geisha, and wrote Nian Nujiao, calling her "Song Zongji, the youngest daughter of the King of Qin, married into a family of Qinci". Another envoy, Wu Ji, wrote a poem full of people in January, saying, "In the Southern Dynasties, people sang backyard flowers. In the past, Xie Wang, the swallow in front of the hall, flew to whose house. Suddenly a dream, the fairy muscle wins the snow, and there are piles of crows in the palace. Jiangzhou Sima, a tearful shirt, is the end of the world. "
affect
The change of Jingkang led to the demise of the Northern Song Dynasty. Deeply hurting the hearts of the Han people, Yue Fei mentioned in "Man Jiang Hong" [8]: "When will the shame of Jingkang die, the hatred of courtiers!" .
Thousands of imperial families of Zhao Song were escorted to the northeast. Later, in the late Jin Dynasty, the first surname of Manchu was Ilgen Jueluo, which was recorded in Chaozhi as Ilgen Jueluo, Min Jueluo or Ilgen, which means "man" in Manchu. His Chinese surname is Zhao (including Tong, Gu, Yi, Sa, Gong, Zhao, Cao, Bao, Zhe,). "Heilongjiang Zhimanuscript Family" contains: "Those who feel Luo, spread after Qin." The Han surnames of Gagai, the pioneer of Manchu in Qing Dynasty, are Gu, the descendant of Zhao and Shang Shugu, Sa, the descendant of Sahadai, and Yi, the descendant of Yi Sanna, a university student. It is not excluded that Manchu nobles are descendants of the Song royal family.
China's theory of women's chastity has always been valued by Taoism in the Song Dynasty since it was "the difficulty of Jing Kang". Because the concubines and maids in the northern song dynasty were taken to the north to be slaves and prostitutes. This sense of shame made Taoism give up the idea of emphasizing survival over chastity in the Northern Song Dynasty, and instead strongly advocated that women give their lives to protect chastity. Because of the environment at that time, this concept was gradually accepted by scholars. During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, there were more and more memorial archways for women's martyrdom. Between survival and chastity, women can only choose the latter.