Fan (*-227 BC) was a general at the end of the Warring States Period. Originally a general of Qin State, he fled to Yan State because Li Mu defeated Zhao, and was taken in by Prince Dan of Yan State. When Prince Taizi Dan sent Jing Ke to assassinate the King of Qin, Jing Ke asked that Fan's head and the map of Du Kang (in Gaobeidian, Hebei) be given to the King of Qin as gifts to facilitate the assassination. Fan learned that he committed suicide and died.
Yang Kuan's Warring States Policy holds that Fan is Huan Kun. However, the reason for this is that their names are similar in pronunciation and recording time is close. The time gap cannot be verified, and the recording time is close to many people. Therefore, this statement is only a hypothesis, which has not been confirmed and the reasons are not sufficient.
The life of the character
In the seventh year of the King of Qin (240 BC), Lv Buwei decided to attack the State of Lu in retaliation for its attack on the State of Qin. So they sent Zhang Tang and fifty thousand soldiers to attack Zhao. Three days later, the life expectancy was high, Fan was the successor, and he led the troops by 50,000. After leaving Hangu Pass late, he led the former army to take the road and the party attacked directly. He stayed as Qin Jun's backup, Zhao sent Pang Yuan as the general, and Hu needed to lead hundreds of soldiers to resist as the lieutenant. In the battle of Yaoshan, Qin Jun failed to win, so Meng Ao sent Zhang Tang to Tunliu to urge the soldiers in the rear team. At that time, the elevation was only 17 years old, and I was not familiar with the military. He asked Fan to discuss it. Fan hated concubines for stealing the country, and took the opportunity to say: Faye Wong is the first king's flesh and blood, but you are the eldest son. It was also revealed that the purpose of sending troops this time was to take the opportunity to get rid of him, and then offer a plan: the soldiers are trapped in Zhao today, so hurry back, you have heavy troops. If we preach adultery and expose the fraud in the palace, who will not be the original heir? Elevation accepted Fan's plan. Fan pretended to tell the ambassador that the army would camp today.
After the messenger left, Fan Wei drafted a campaign. Fan will be surrounded by people. Qin people have heard many rumors about entering concubines, and they didn't believe them until they saw the word "pregnant rape" in a battle. Although Lu did not dare to respond, they all held a wait-and-see attitude. Zhang Tang knew that Chang 'an had rebelled and went to Xianyang to change it at night. The king of Qin was furious at his political views. Call Father Lv Buwei to discuss it. So he sent General Wang Jianwei and led hundreds of troops to beg Chang 'an An Jun to become a general.
In the 10th year of Qin Dynasty (237 BC), Fan was appointed as the general of Qin State. The following year, Wang Jian and his troops attacked Zhao, took Ye (now southwest of Linzhang, Hebei) and other cities, and captured Pingyang (now southeast of Cixian), winning a great victory and killing Zhao's generals.
In the 14th year of Qin Dynasty (233 BC), he led an army to attack Zhao. In the face of the rout of Li Mu, a famous soldier of Zhao, he suffered heavy losses. Fan did not dare to go back to Qin, but fled to the state of Yan to worship the generals of Yan. The king of Qin was furious and killed all his parents and clans.
In the twentieth year of the King of Qin (227 BC), after the State of Qin destroyed the State of Zhao, the enemy came to the south of Yan. Dan, the prince of Yan, was afraid and prepared to send Jing Ke to assassinate the king of Qin. Jing Ke said to Taizi Dan, I want to see you, too. If you go to the state of Qin, nothing can convince the king of Qin that you can't go near him. General Fan, today the King of Qin captured General Fan with gold (copper was used as gold in ancient times). If you bring the head of General Fan and the map of Yan Du Kang to the King of Qin, the King of Qin will be very happy to see me, and let me repay the kindness of the Prince. Prince Dan said: General Fan came to Dan when he was poor. Dan can't bear to hurt the old man's wish with his personal affairs. May you reconsider! Knowing that the king of Qin was reluctant to kill Fan, Jing Ke went to see Fan himself and said: The king of Qin was very cruel to the general. His parents and clan were killed by him, and now he is rewarding the general. what should he do ？ Fan sighed and wept bitterly, saying, whenever I think about it, I really hate it, but I just can't think of any good way! Jing Ke said: I have a plan today, which can solve Yan's worries and avenge the general. what do you think? Fan asked what the plan was and said, I want to get the general's head and give it to the king of Qin. He will be very happy to see me. I grabbed his sleeve with my left hand and stabbed him in the chest with my right hand. The general got revenge and Yan's humiliation was also reported. General, are you interested? Fan rolled up his sleeves and showed his right arm (holding his right wrist in his left hand to express his indignation), saying: My gnashing hatred has been reported dead, and I am fortunate to get your advice today! Suicide.
When Taizi Dan heard the news of Van Yuqi's suicide, he hurried to hold the body and wept bitterly. Later, although Jing Ke didn't stab the king of Qin, Fan was willing to die, which is still admired by people today. Later generations said that the land of Yanzhao attached great importance to chastity, and there were many people who were generous and sorrowful. They highly praised and fully affirmed Fan and Jing Ke's feats of not being afraid of violence and dying for their country.
According to the examination, Fan and Jing Ke are good friends and are highly valued by Taizi Dan. After his death, his body was buried in Nanzhuang village, his hometown, and later generations set up a shrine to worship. According to the Records of Lixian County in Qing Dynasty, there is a big mound in Nanzhuang, named General Fan's Cemetery. This ancient temple monument is now abandoned.