In this campaign, our army initially gained experience in fighting the enemy mechanized corps. After the war, a special forces column was formed, mainly based on tanks, artillery, cars and other equipment seized this time.
The central government respects the opinions of the frontline, and both sides are easy to make up their minds.
The Kuomintang believes that the gains and losses of Shandong played a decisive role in the civil war. 1946, 12 in late February, Chen Cheng and Xue Yue decided to attack southern Shandong, taking "attacking what is necessary" as the strategy, in an attempt to fight a decisive battle with me.
When the campaign in northern Jiangsu was still going on, Chen Yi and Su Yu decided to cross the canal to the west, restore Huaibei, and look for opportunities to destroy the enemy in the movement. They further concretized this idea and reported it to the Central Military Commission. Just then, on February 8, 18, Mao Zedong, in the name of the Central Military Commission, sent a telegram to Chen Yi, Su Yu and others, pointing out that after the battle of northern Jiangsu, "it seems that the main force is concentrated to annihilate the enemy of southern Shandong and recover the jujube peak platform, so that southern Shandong can be consolidated and then develop southward without worry." However, the Central Committee respected the opinions of commanders in various war zones, and after receiving telegrams from Chen Yi, Su Yu and others suggesting to fight in Huaibei, they immediately replied.
12 19, Su Yu and Chen Yi learned that the reorganization of the 74th Division was ordered to advance northward, which would lead to the rash advance alone, and decided to go south first and annihilate the reorganization of the 74th Division in the movement. Mao Zedong called back on the 20th and said, "It is very necessary for the 74th Division to advance to Yang Mo and hit it first. As long as we fight well, it will be more beneficial to annihilate more enemies on the inside and then turn to the outside. "
However, until the 23rd, the 74th Integrated Division remained in the same place, keeping in touch with the 7th Army and the 28th Integrated Division. In view of the dense enemy forces, the enemy of southern Shandong tried to cut off the connection between the main force of our army and the liberated areas in southern Shandong. Chen Yi and Su Yu decided to give up the plan to annihilate the enemy and reorganize the 74th Division, and decided to return to southern Shandong as the main force according to the intention of the Central Military Commission.
Shan Ye Huaye jointly planned.
On February 24th, 65438, Chen Yi and Su Yu made up their minds to go back to southern Shandong to wipe out the enemy, and sent 1 column, 1 division and 8th division to the north in secret. Together with themselves, they led 1 group to the 9th and 4th divisions in southern Shandong, as well as the 10 divisions and divisions fighting in southern Shandong. With the 2nd column, 9th column, 6th division, 7th division and 3rd brigade, the defensive enemy reorganized the 74th and 1 1 divisions, delayed the enemy's northward advance, and wiped out one of them.
Li Yu arrived at the Shandong Field Army Command on February 29th, 65438 to assist Chen Yi in commanding the Battle of Southern Shandong.
30, presided over by Chen Yi, each column, division and the relevant military leaders to participate in the operational meeting. The meeting introduced the details of the campaign plan. Chen Yi finally made a concluding speech, calling on the Shandong and Central China field armies to unite and cooperate to win the battle.
First encounter with armored forces, a total victory.
1947 65438+1At 22: 00 on October 2, the Battle of Lunan started.
The PLA first encircled and reorganized the 26th Division. As the division commander Ma left the command post on New Year's Day, he lost command after the fighting started. On the morning of the 3rd, the battle encirclement and partial tactical division of the 26th Division were completed. By the 4th, the 26th Division was completely annihilated.
The PLA's next opponent is 1 Fast Column, which is a rare mechanized unit in the Kuomintang army. 1942, Chiang Kai-shek set up the first tank unit in Kunming, equipped with American tanks. I have participated in the Yunnan-Myanmar highway battle and have never lost a battle in the past three years. After the Anti-Japanese War, Chiang Kai-shek formed two more tank regiments and merged them into the 1 Fast Column. Later, 1 infantry brigade, 1 artillery regiment, engineers, cars and other forces were added. Soldiers' uniforms, boots and appliances are all American-style equipment, which is first-class in technology, combat effectiveness and speed. Therefore, the officers and men of the fast column are full of pride and don't care about our army at all.
On the morning of the 4th, the weather changed from cloudy to sleet, the road was muddy, and the enemy mechanized troops encountered serious difficulties. I seized this favorable opportunity to attack 1 Kuaizhu from all directions.
Although our army has the right climate and the right people, it is the first time to fight against the armored forces of the Kuomintang army. It lacks both anti-tank equipment and actual combat experience. The broad masses of cadres and soldiers give full play to various anti-tank measures fully studied before the war. Tactically, first of all, concentrate troops and annihilate the 80 th brigade fighting with the tank group by fire, so that the Kuomintang tanks lost infantry cover; Technically, methods such as digging deep ditches, delaying actions, destroying the first few cars with armor-piercing bullets, blocking passages, setting traps, accumulating firewood, and arson are adopted.
After four hours of fighting, by 15, except for seven tanks, our army was wiped out by more than 30 thousand people and seized 24 tanks. A captured tank soldier said: "We have been fighting in India and Myanmar for three years and have been rushing forward. Americans also look up to us. I didn't expect to lose so badly today. "
On the basis of summing up the experience of Lunan Campaign and armored forces, Shandong and Central China Field Army increased anti-tank preparation equipment, strengthened anti-tank training and organized anti-tank troops, which created good conditions for future anti-tank operations.
Expand the results and wipe out the enemy.
After the victory of the first phase of the campaign, Chen Yi and Su Yu immediately adjusted their deployment, prepared to attack Yixian with the right column, pursued the body count and reorganized the thirty armed forces with the left column, and completely annihilated the twenty-sixth division and the thirty armed forces. However, because the enemy's reorganized 33rd Army quickly contracted its troops and crossed the canal after the reorganization of the 26th Division, it decided to concentrate on attacking and annihilating the Kuomintang troops stationed in Iraq and Jujube.
On the evening of the 9th, an attack was launched on Yixian. The 8th and 9th Divisions, the Coastal Guard Brigade and the 4th Division 10 Regiment are responsible for the attack. When the battle reached 1 1, the enemy troops were completely annihilated. At the same time, 1 division mainly attacked Zaozhuang. 1 1, the periphery of Zaozhuang was cleared, 16 at 3 o'clock, and 1/3 brigade headquarters and1regiment were destroyed. 19, 18, launched a general attack on Zaozhuang. By 20 13, annihilate the garrison troops and reorganize the 5 1 division headquarters and two regiments, and capture the enemy commander Zhou alive.
During the campaign, the armed forces went deep into various places behind enemy lines, actively harassed the enemy, disrupted traffic and effectively cooperated with the main battle. The broad masses of militia took part in the war automatically, escorting grain and ammunition, escorting prisoners and scattering the enemy. Front-line organizations at all levels have mobilized a lot of manpower and material resources to support the front line, fully ensuring the completion of pre-transportation and post-evacuation and various combat tasks.
The victory of Lunan Campaign not only dealt a heavy blow to the arrogance of the Kuomintang reactionaries, but also inspired the people in East China and even the whole country to win the war, which enabled our army to realize its established strategic intention and master the initiative in the East China battlefield, and was also of special significance to the construction of our army in East China.