Galileo galilei (1564 ~ 1642) was a great astronomer, mechanic, philosopher, physicist and mathematician in the late Italian Renaissance. He is also the pioneer of modern experimental physics and is known as "the father of modern science". He is an indomitable truth fighter. Engels called him "one of the giants who can break old theories and create new ones regardless of any obstacles". /kloc-0 was born in Pisa on February 5th, 564, and 1642/kloc-0 died in Pisa on October 8th. Galileo's surname is Galileo, and his full name is galileo galilei, but now people usually call him Galileo by his first name instead of his last name. Because of translation problems, there are different opinions about surnames, and Galileo Galilei shall prevail.

Isaac newton, a famous British scientist.

(See isaac newton for details)

Sir isaac newton (1643, 65438+1October 4-65438+March 0727, 3 1) is a British physicist, mathematician, astronomer, natural philosopher and alchemist. In the paper Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy published in 1687, he described gravity and three laws of motion. These descriptions laid the scientific view of the physical world in the next three centuries and became the basis of modern engineering. By demonstrating the consistency between Kepler's law of planetary motion and his theory of gravity, he showed that the movements of ground objects and celestial bodies all follow the same natural law; Thus, the last doubt about the sun center was eliminated and the scientific revolution was promoted.

Darwin

British naturalist and founder of evolution. 1831-1836, as a naturalist, he took part in the voyage around the world sent by Britain and made a five-year scientific investigation. A lot of observation and collection have been made in animals, plants and geology, and after comprehensive discussion, the concept of biological evolution has been formed. 1859 published the Origin of Species, which shocked the academic circles at that time. It is proved by a lot of data in the book that all kinds of creatures are not created by God, but constantly develop and change in heredity, variation, survival competition and natural selection. From simple to complex, from low to high, the theory of biological evolution is put forward, thus destroying all kinds of idealistic creationism and species invariance. Engels listed "evolution theory" as one of the three major discoveries of natural science in19th century (the other two are cell theory, energy conservation and transformation law).