In teaching activities, PPT is a media tool to transfer ideas and information between teachers and students. Whether a class is wonderful or not depends on the teacher, not the tools.
Can put the cart before the horse, and regard the design of PPT as more important than the content and audience. When designing teaching, teachers should first pay attention to your students and your teaching content, and then flexibly design and use PPT according to the needs of teaching and the actual needs of teaching situation, with the aim of promoting and improving teaching effect by using PPT.
In teaching, PPT can achieve two functions. The first function is as a visual aid to support the teaching of lecturers. The second function is that it can be used as an independent medium or reading material to convey the speaker's thoughts or teaching information for learners to read and learn. In general teaching activities, teachers use PPT mainly with the first function.
Common misunderstanding: Many speakers only use PPT to make speeches, and use PPT instead of speeches, which does not give full play to the visual auxiliary role of PPT in the speech process. This leads to the audience often trying to read the written speech on the screen PPT, which interferes with and distracts the audience's attention to the speaker's own speech.
Design principle:
* The speaker designs his own speech as a whole, and pays attention to giving full play to the auxiliary role of PPT in the process of speech, avoiding the practice of replacing the speech with PPT. Pay attention to the following auxiliary functions of PPT in the speech:
* Auxiliary prompt function, PPT helps the speaker to organize ideas, guide teaching clues, highlight key points, and ensure the orderly speech;
* Provide intuitive visual feelings and experiences, show real-world images to the audience through PPT, and transform abstract or tacit ideas into visual images to present to the audience;
* Tell rich facts and contents, use PPT as a multimedia platform, organize rich visual and auditory materials, tell rich and moving stories, or list a large number of empirical materials;
* Play the role of analysis and demonstration. In the report of academic or special discussion meeting, the speaker uses PPT to provide analysis charts and sufficient information in order to analyze the operation mechanism or internal relationship and development trend of something or project;
* Stimulate emotions and atmosphere, through the use of color, animation, music and other elements, so that the audience and speakers have emotional interaction, incite emotional climax, and create a classroom or venue atmosphere.
Second, simplicity is beauty.
The original meaning of Power Point in English is "key point" and "main point", which is to present the main points of your speech and related auxiliary materials on the screen through computers and projectors, so that the audience can see your main points. PPT only assists your speech, not replaces it. Therefore, the design of PPT should be concise and focused so that the audience can see it clearly.
Common misconceptions: the speaker wrote a lot of words on PPT, or the font color mixed with the background color, or filled with various charts and curves, which made the audience in class look very laborious; Sometimes when the speaker looks at the screen and reads the PPT speech, the speech becomes scripted, which makes people sleepy. ...
Design principle:
* each slide highlights a theme;
* Write only the main points of the speech, extract keywords from the main points of the speech, and don't treat PPT as a word file. Only keywords or short sentences appear on the slide, not everything you want to say. If you write down everything you want to say, you don't need to say it, because the audience can scan the words on the screen much faster than you can read them out loud.
* Try to use fewer words and more pictures, and the details can be written in the remarks, or use word manuscripts to provide handouts and reading materials to assist learning;
* Make good use of the remarks column. If you want to provide more written materials for the audience, you can put the relevant written materials in the notes of PPT, which can be used as a reminder of the speaker's speech on the one hand and as reading materials for the audience to learn on the other. The audience may need to review the materials after class, and those who are not on the scene may also want to know the relevant content. PPT with notes is as useful as simple handouts.
Third, empathy
Don't get used to designing PPT only according to your own ideas. You should know that PPT is for the audience, the audience is God, and your PPT will always serve the audience. Therefore, when designing, we must not be self-centered, but think about how to design PPT from the perspective of the audience.
Common misunderstanding: The speaker designs PPT on his own computer screen, and the font size, color and picture details can be clearly seen. But when he arrived at the meeting place, the projector shot PPT on the wall or screen, but the audience sitting behind felt confused. Remember, the audience is not sitting at the table watching your PPT.
Design principle:
* The font on the slide should be large, so that students sitting in the last row can see the smallest font on the screen;
* Fonts and screen backgrounds should be in sharp contrast, such as black characters on a white background and white characters on a blue background. You can pay attention to how the road signs on the expressway are designed, and how to ensure that drivers on the distant expressway can read the words on the road signs;
* The text on each slide should not exceed 5 lines, preferably less than 3 lines. The font size and the number of lines are appropriate, and is the contrast between the text and the background clear? You can take advantage of a class, sit in the last row of the classroom, and then look at the left and right sides of the classroom, and you will know. When designing slides, we must take care of whether the students in the back row and on the left and right sides can clearly see the contents of PPT.
Fourth, structural consistency.
Learning and teaching is a gradual process from shallow to deep. PPT with speeches should also highlight the theme of speeches, clearly express the teaching content, assist learners' cognition, and have an appropriate logical level. Only when irrelevant materials (words, pictures and sounds) are excluded rather than included can students learn better.
Common misunderstanding: teachers pile up too many content elements (words, pictures, colors, animations, etc. ) on PPT, interfere with students' attention and memory of the theme; The layout of the picture is chaotic, and the content of the front and back slides lacks logical order, which makes the audience puzzled.
Design principle:
* The overall design of PPT content distribution, report and speech should have a clear and concise logical main line, and the content can be organized according to the logical relationship of "progressive" or "parallel";
* The format of the whole set of slides should be consistent, including color, font and background. In order to clearly express the hierarchy of speech arguments, it is necessary to use different levels of "titles" on each page of PPT, including smaller fonts and indentation step by step; The font size and color of the same level are the same, so that the audience can see the logical relationship of the whole PPT at a glance (but the depth should not exceed 3 layers).
* Pay attention to the design of the opening and closing slides, because people are most likely to remember the opening and closing of a report. Design an eye-catching title and signature at the beginning to tell the audience who you are and what you want to say; In the transition between chapters, you can insert blank slides or chapter title slides to give the audience a sense of paragraphs; It is best to have a summary slide to let the audience review the main essence of the summary report, which is also the information you want them to remember when they leave the meeting. The last slide should have the signature and contact information of the speaker or production unit to leave a complete impression on the audience.
* It is best to design the order of slide presentation in order to avoid the slide rolling back and forth, which makes the speaker and audience easily fall into confusion.
Verb (abbreviation of verb) visual thinking and expression
Different from the words and languages that people often use to express their thoughts, visualization refers to spreading the speaker's thoughts mainly through visible pictures and graphics. Since PPT is mainly used in teaching and meetings, there are at least two reasons why it is particularly necessary to attach importance to visual thinking and expression:
The first reason is time. During the speech, PPT is controlled by the speaker and turns pages with the progress of the speech. The audience can't control the time of watching PPT by themselves. Therefore, when watching PPT, unlike watching word, the audience can savor it carefully and browse and think repeatedly. The advantage of visual image communication is that people look at words linearly, and at the same time it takes some time to transform abstract text symbols into meaning understanding in their own minds; However, people look at images instantaneously, and at the same time, it is transformed into meaning understanding, and the speed of reading and understanding images is faster than that of words. At the same time, this is also the requirement of the characteristic environment of the report meeting and classroom teaching. The audience didn't have time to read a lot of words on the screen carefully, but just gave the audience a general impression at the first moment. Therefore, the speaker is required to turn his large paragraphs of text or rich thoughts into intuitive pictures. PPT does not need to be as comprehensive as writing word.
Secondly, visual images can better convey complex information and properly assist the speaker's speech without repeating the speaker's language. Some people say that a picture is worth a thousand sentences, and images convey more information than abstract words and language symbols. Visual images and words, language, the speaker's body expression and other elements cooperate with each other to convey complex ideas and information, and the effect will be better than simply using words.
Common misunderstanding: the speaker regards PPT as a word, or simply copies the relevant paragraphs in the word file into PPT. In the lecture hall, either the speaker's speech speed lags far behind the audience's reading speed on the screen, or the audience can't read the text paragraphs on PPT carefully at the venue.
Design principle:
* When designing PPT as a whole, fully consider the visual design of the whole speech, and rationally design and arrange the structure of visual thinking and expression from the main line of the speech-layered narration-final summary;
* The ideological points of the speech are expressed by visual graphics, the text paragraphs are abstractly summarized into keywords, and the visual graphics are marked by keywords;
* Use optional graphics and drawing tools of PPT, insert organization chart or Windows accessories/drawing tools to design visual graphics, and SmartArt tools in PPT of Office2007 can design eye-catching three-dimensional color schematic graphics;
* add visual expression to PPT, and you can also use stick figure, graphic organization law, concept map, schematic diagram, photos and other methods;
* Design slides with visual thinking tool software, such as Inspiration, MindManager, etc.
Sixth, design an impressive PPT.
A poorly designed PPT will interfere with your wonderful report and reduce the teaching effect of the lecturer; On the contrary, wonderful PPT will make the audience unforgettable, even spread like wildfire, copied and widely circulated by people, greatly expanding your communication effect.
Common misconception: Most people design and use PPT, choose standard templates, and give priority to text expression. The PPT that people see on various occasions has no characteristics, can't leave a deep impression on the audience, and the teaching effect is mediocre.
Design principle:
Creativity of words. Gao Qiao, a Japanese engineer, invented a PPT design method called "Gao Qiao method", which presents characters in an extremely simple way, and each PPT page does not exceed 10 characters, and highlights it in a huge font in the center of the screen. Gao Qiao believes that using a few extra-large words to highlight the key words of the report has a strong visual impact and is unforgettable.
* Art design and graphic creativity. The practical experience of many speakers shows that PPT can achieve better communication effect and produce greater visual impact than simple words, because no audience can remember your data and words on PPT. You can choose those touching photos, cartoons and landscapes, and it is best to prepare some close-up photos to match the theme and concise words, which can receive excellent visual effects.
Remember some websites that search for pictures, share excellent pictures from all over the world, and modify and redesign pictures according to your speech now?
Baidu picture: /imghp? HL = zh-CN & amp； tab=wi
Sina photo album:/
Altavista picture: /image/ default
Yahoo pictures:/
Wiki picture: Learn the world-class PPT above. If you carefully analyze the top 10 excellent PPT on this website, you will understand how to design your own PPT.
* Pay attention to visual design examples around you, such as movie posters, street advertisements, design magazines, advertisements for various exhibitions and the design of exhibition boards. , improve their visual design literacy;