Changchun scenery by the Wang He reservoir.
Introduction to Changchun Temple in Xingyang The road of Changchun Temple is tortuous and hidden in farmland. Except for the nearby villagers who burn incense and make wishes, most of the time it is deserted, which meets the environmental requirements of Taoist meditation and is close to the Rime Reservoir. If it is midsummer, it is very comfortable to stand outside the cool mountain gate.
Changchun scenery by the Wang He reservoir.
When I first saw Changchun view, it was broken and sad everywhere. Corrupt rafters, mottled adobe gables, incense burners with little fragrance, simple statues, and even a ceiling that can cope with stars. There are several relics across the yard, but these do not prevent me from looking at it comfortably, how comfortable it is.
Changchun temple architecture
Changchun Guan gong de Bei
The Taoist temple is simple, with five buildings, including the mountain gate, and half of the small yard is a vegetable field. The name of the donor and the amount of donation are engraved in detail on the merit tablet beside the vegetable field. There are not many monuments, although the amount of donors is not large, and there is not much money inside.
It is said that the concept of building a temple in the prosperous time, but the concept of Changchun was built in troubled times, and the prosperous time was almost destroyed. The wall of Lingguan Hall behind the mountain gate is inlaid with a diploma of Changqing Zhang view, which explains the origin of evergreen view in detail.
Jiaobi Dongzi land certificate
The official name of this "Changchun Temple Diploma" carved stone is "Jiaobi Dongzi Land Certificate". Literally, after the Yuan army occupied Xingyang, a thousand families named occupied an uninhabited wasteland, and then gave the land to an old man named Bi in Jia, who asked him to build a Taoist temple and recite scriptures to the emperor every day.
According to the relevant records in the Inscription on the Creation of Changchun Temple in Shi Chun Village, Xingyang County, Zhengzhou written by Zhu Xiangxian, a famous Taoist priest in Yuan Dynasty, after receiving the donation, Jia Daoxian of Dong Zi successfully completed the Taoist temple construction project and named Changchun Zi after his master Qiu Chuji. After several generations of development, the scale of Taoist temple has been expanding, which has been valued and treated well by the Yuan government and reached its peak in the Yuan Dynasty.
The first record of Qiu Zi in Changchun Qiu Zhenren.
If so, Changchun Temple is nothing special. Moreover, "Paying Bidongzi Land Certificate" is not very impressive in Taoist temple, with crooked words and unsmooth writing style, but it contains a huge amount of information and has an unspeakable history of blood and tears behind it.
Let's start with "February 2008". According to the chronology of the main branches, it is 1299, that is, the three years of Dade in Yuan Dynasty. In office is the second emperor of the Yuan Dynasty, the sixth Khan of the Mongolian Empire, and the grandson of Kublai Khan, Bolzigijin Timur.
Looking at the contents of the whole permit, we mainly talked about three things: First, the Yuan Army crossed the river in Yin He to fight against the Jin Army; Second, Jin Yang occupied himself with three tendencies in the village bend; Third, the land occupied was "voluntarily given to Mr. Bi Jia, the protege of Master Qiu". In fact, I don't feel anything special when I see it here, but the details of history are often in a few casual sentences.
Full text of Fu Bidong's land certificate
According to the permit, Jin Yang described the surrounding environment of the proposed Taoist temple project in Shi Cun Bend Weichang: "There are mulberry trees, jujube trees and pear trees, there are several earth caves under the earth cliff and the west cliff, and there is a water lock river in the middle". The earth caves here are common caves in Xingyang, and there are fruit trees by the river. There must be people living there, so why is it a wasteland without a owner? In fact, we can see the clue from the Xiongnu invasion recorded in Historical Records and Hanshu.
Nomads plundered a lot of resources and population every time they invaded the Han Dynasty. As a nomadic people, the Yuan Dynasty and the later Qing Dynasty all liked to plunder people before entering the Central Plains, and after entering the Central Plains, they all liked enclosure and promulgated a series of evil policies. Then push forward from the land donation to the Dakuo people event in Wokuotai, and then comprehensively compare the contents recorded in the Liu ancestor tablet of the Yuan Dynasty unearthed in Liufenwa, Baicaogang, Jiayu, Xingyang in 2002, and everything will be straightened out.
1233, the Mongolian Khan Wokuotai launched the final attack on the state of Jin, and Sansan defeated 350,000 Jin Army, sweeping the whole of Henan. At the same time, Mongolian troops massacred in Henan, and thousands of people were taken as slaves of Mongolian nobles. China's richest region has recovered since then. The following year, the Southern Song Dynasty tried to recover lost ground, only to find that Henan had become a no-man's land, and its bones were exposed in the wild. Finally, due to the lack of food and grass, Song Jun was defeated by the Mongols.
Liu's "Zubei" records: "Fu Liu's ancestors were also from Xingyang, Zhengzhou." 1232, Mongolia invaded Henan. "Sangtian turned into the sea, and all the people were scattered. How many families can survive after the Unknown Tomb Valley is moved away? " Helpless, sad, sentimental. Then he crossed the Yellow River with the soldiers and horses of Dachao and lived in Yuanzhou before. "
. Mongolia's occupation of Henan has turned fertile land into mounds, dispersed all ethnic groups and disappeared all civilians. The rest crossed the Yellow River with Mongolia and became slaves of Mongolian nobles. The Liu family was plundered to Yuanzhou (near Tongzhou, Beijing), thousands of miles away from home.
According to Yuan Shikai, this large-scale behavior of "forcing good people into slaves" is called "supporting the people". The History of Yuan Taizong Volume II: Five years of Taizong (Wokuotai) (1233) and four years of Taizong (Wokuotai).
Hunt where you have to think. Together with children's songs and other officials, including residents in Zhongzhou, there are more than 730,000 households. "History of Yuan Taizong: In the eighth year of Taizong (Wokuotai) (1236), in summer and June, the Zhongzhou hukou was restored and renewed10.
Wan Yu ".
1.83 million citizens were captured in the "national" of the Central Plains in Wokuotai twice before and after, and distributed to the Mongolian Queen Mother, Prince, Princess and Ma Xu as slaves to supplement the army. Their status is low and their tragic situation can be imagined. Now that everyone has been taken away, it is also true that Jin Yang said that he occupied an uninhabited wasteland. After all, this land has been deserted for 60 years.
The Wokuotai Gai incident directly caused the population cut off, barren land and cultural dating in the Central Plains for nearly a century and a half, which was not continued until the great immigrants from Hongdong, Shanxi Province moved in in the Ming Dynasty. When investigating geographical names in the 1980s, Mr. Zhang heard from the descendants of Hongdong immigrants that when their ancestors moved in, they opened the door and saw that "no bones were buried under the bed", which also confirmed the existence of no man's land from the side.