Liuli is a foreign word, which came from the western regions and originated from Veluriyam in Pali. Coloured glaze is known as one of the seven treasures of Buddhism. Seven treasures are gold, silver, coloured glaze, pear, chequ, red pearl and agate, also known as one of the five famous vessels in China. The five famous vessels are gold, silver, jade, glass, ceramics and bronze. However, by the Ming Dynasty, the natural colored glaze had basically disappeared, and only in legends and supernatural novels was it recorded that Friar Sand in The Journey to the West was expelled from heaven for breaking a colored glaze lamp.
Because the surface of colored glaze is glassy, there is a view that colored glaze in history is glass. However, berthold laufer, an American sinologist, believes that in ancient China, colored glaze could never refer to glass, and colored glaze is a gem, not glass. Even a child can tell a jewel bead from a glass bead.
However, the surface enamel of ancient artificial glass in China is mainly composed of lead-barium glass, so it is not suitable for making tableware, and is usually used as decorations, ritual vessels and funerary objects. Glazed tiles of various colors are often used as building materials and are important decorative components of ancient Chinese architecture and modern Chinese architecture. Generally used for roofs and shadow walls of important buildings such as palaces, temples and tombs. Real gem glass is one of the seven treasures of Buddhism. Since ancient times, glass has been endowed with profound cultural connotation and mythical color. With the revival of modern dewaxing casting, glass handicrafts are becoming more and more popular.
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Glass can be fired into tiles, bricks, pots, cans and other finished products, and also used as building components. Glazed components used in buildings include glazed tiles, ridges, kisses, ridge beasts, carved glazed tiles (used for glazed screen walls), glazed tiles and so on. Yellow-green glazed tiles were used in palaces in the Song Dynasty. The palaces in the Yuan Dynasty were made of colorful glazed tiles and glass components such as yellow, green, blue, red, pink, white, black and purple.
During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, yellow colored glass was mostly used in palaces, tombs and royal temples, while blue, green and black colored glass was mixed in garden buildings. Most of the prince's palaces and garden beds are made of green glass. In addition to the roof components of temples, buildings that use a lot of stained glass also include stained glass facades, stained glass towers and stained glass archways. In the Ming Dynasty, the Great Hoonji Pagoda in Nanjing was all made of glass.
At present, there are many kinds of glazed handicrafts, such as ornaments, pendants, bracelets, necklaces and glazed tiles. And there are examples similar to glazed China Museum, which are widely used for exterior wall decoration. Nowadays, many glazed handicrafts are used as gifts.
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