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Where is the temple of the famous prime minister? It is in a deep pine forest near the Silk City.
The steps are dotted with green grass in spring, and birds are chirping happily under the leaves.
The third call aggravated his state affairs, and he gave his sincerity to two generations.
But before he conquered, he died, and since then the heroes have been crying on their coats.
The title is "book fragrance" rather than "Zhuge Temple", which shows that Lao Du's poems are in people but not in temples. However, this poem was obviously written from the shrine. What is this? Cover the characters through the ages, don't be amiable; There are several temples, and the wind is coming. It is also inevitable to think of books because of Wuhou Temple. However, among poets, between emptiness and reality, poetry is wonderful, but what about people? Is the shrine human? See how he writes ink and plays here. It is appropriate to understand well.
The first sentence is caused by asking. Where is the ancestral temple? Outside the city of Jinguan, a few miles away, I saw the cypress forest from a distance. It is lush and the weather is very good. That's where Zhuge Wuhou Temple is located. This couplet comes straight to the point and falls freely, while the two sentences are answered and opened by themselves.
Next, Lao Du wrote that the grass is green and the birds are singing every other leaf.
Some people say, "the first couplet is the beginning, and this couplet is inheritance and very disciplined." Not bad. Others said: "From the dense forest outside the city to the green in front of the steps, from a distance to a close view, from finding the way to entering the temple, it is the clearest way to write." Not bad either. But if that's all, who can't? Where is Lao Du?
Some people say: since you say that the poet is interested in people rather than temples, why should he waste two of the eight sentences on grass, orioles and leaves? Isn't this the scene of the ancestral temple being written? The meaning is not in the temple. It's not true.
Others said: Du Yi's idea is that people are in the temple and there is no need to talk about it. It's just that the poem is short and needs to be refined. Under this topic, he actually set up these two sentences, which are neither necessary nor wonderful. At least write "go", isn't it a failure of Lao Du?
I said: where, where. Don't judge Du Zimei by stereotyped writing. If that sentence is "to the point" or written as "Biography of Kongming", I'm sure it's hard for him. Now he is not so good. There must be a reason.
Look at him. The last sentence is a word "self" and the next sentence is a word "empty". This word is an oxymoron, that is, "Zi" should have been flat, but now it is very awkward; "Empty" should be silent, but now it is flat. Reciprocity, a kind of transformational beauty in tone. We who study poetry must not lose our minds here.
Besides, Lao Du's dusty cave lives in the southwest. After he settled in Jincheng, the first thing he did was to visit Wuhou Temple. Where is the temple of the famous prime minister? In terms of writing, it is not awkward to cut to the chase; In terms of mood, where is the ancestral temple? I have been longing for it for a long time! On that day, the old poet was full of admiration and admiration, asked people for directions and found the way to the ancestral temple. When he arrived, he didn't see the magnificent temples or statues. The first thing he noticed was the green grass in front of the steps and the oriole outside the leaves! What is the reason?
You know, Lao Du's trip is not a "tour". After he entered the temple, he naturally saw magnificent temples and statues, just like ordinary people. But when he wrote poetry (not necessarily when he went to the ancestral temple for the first time), what he wanted to write emotionally was by no means the appearance of these traces. What he wants to write is his inner feelings. Writing Jing Yunyun is a living sentence and a dead finger; What's more, he didn't really write about the scenery of the ancestral temple?
In other words, after seeing the magnificent temples and statues, he had mixed feelings, and then he became more and more aware of the green grass in the yard and the loneliness in his heart. The more I feel the sound of oriole, the boundless desolation.
Here, you can see an old poet, alone and full of worries, wandering between temples in Wuhou Temple.
Without this connection, where would the poet go? Is poetry comfortable? It is precisely because of this couplet that we can read that the following couplet says that "three cares are always suffering" (that is, repeated and repeated, very suffering), and the two dynasties opened up their economies (enlightening and helping). On the one hand, they knew people well and never changed; On the one hand, do your best and die; On the one hand, it is a heavy entrustment, and on the other hand, it is a sincere reward: Lao Du has thought about all this for thousands of times. Only when facing the desolate court of the ancient temple can he write Zhuge Liang's state of mind and fate. Don't say that the ancients only said that "a scholar died for a confidant." Is the poet's understanding of the world really "Liu's descendants are the foundation of emperors through the ages"? Old minister's heart, don't also pregnant with Chinese rivers and mountains, the world is full of fire and water? Life ambition, six out of Qishan, Wuzhang original head, autumn wind rustling, big stars suddenly falling, people losing their voices ... Thinking of this, Lao Du, a poet wandering in the forest in front of the steps, could not help but burst into tears.
Court grass since the spring, what about personnel; The new warbler is empty, but it only hurts. Lao Du's poetic heart is condensed here. How can he be called a "loser"? It's a "transition" (meaning that Du Fu's poems are written in this way, just for the natural transition to the next couplet). I think it's still the illusion that a pen is a text.
Someone asked: Who is the hero? The hero has been crying on his coat since his sleeve? A: It refers to people with lofty ideals throughout the ages who serve the country and people with great wisdom and courage. Don't make simple explanations such as "leaping across the horse with a horizontal gun" and "manual operation with a knife and axe". Lao Du has been a hero all his life, and he is willing to work in the countryside. Saying this sentence really includes the poet himself, but in fact.
However, the old elimination does not refer to individuals. Think of Wuhou, the mountain is high, and looking to the present is also a good material. What he thinks is great, and his feelings are profound. Therefore, everyone in the world who reads this article will cry. What a coincidence!
Appreciation of Du Fu's Poem Shu Xiang
Sheng Guangzhi
In the second year of Tang Suzong (AD 759), Du Fu, a poet who had been wandering since the Anshi Rebellion, came to Chengdu. The following spring, with reverence for Zhuge Wuhou in the Three Kingdoms period, he came to the northwest suburb of Chengdu and visited the Wuhou Temple built in the Jin Dynasty. The giant cypress in front of the temple is said to be "planted by Kong Ming", which has experienced vicissitudes and is vigorous and tall; The oriole among the green trees is complacent. In the face of the dilapidated ancestral temple, the poet remembered Zhuge Liang's valuable spirit and brilliant achievements of "devoting all his efforts to death", and could not help but be moved and burst into tears, so he wrote such a seven-law book that has been passed down through the ages:
Where is the temple of the famous prime minister in a pine forest near the Silk City?
The green grass in spring dyed the steps red, and every leaf in Huang Peng made a wonderful sound.
The third call aggravated his state affairs, and he gave his sincerity to two generations.
But before he conquered, he died, and since then the heroes have been crying on their coats.
Rhyme consists of qi, chin, neck and knot. The question and answer of "couplets" in poetry seems ordinary, but it is not. Here, the poet pointed out the geographical location of Wuhou Temple and the natural environment of Gubaisen with almost colloquial poems. In the meantime, the word "Qiu" is natural, connecting questions and answers, and appropriately expressing the poet's unbearable mood of longing to visit Wuhou Temple. On the one hand, it implies that Du Fu and Zhuge Liang are different in the world, but they have the same thoughts. On the other hand, it also lays the groundwork for the later words of praise and regret, making the whole story complete. Li Zhonghua's "Yi Zhen Zhai Shi Hua" said: "Du Lao is the only one who makes good use of Fu pen to write poems. In the meantime, I am slightly frustrated and always not straight. " The beginning of Du Fu's Shu Xiang can be said to be a typical embodiment of the poet's good use of fu pen but not straight.
If these two sentences are summarized from the general manager's point of view, then these two sentences turn the "lens" to the details of the scenery around Wuhou Temple. "Ying Ji Bicao" and "Huang Peng every other leaf" seem to be two close-ups, one is to highlight the beauty of "spring scenery" and the other is to emphasize the sweetness of "good voice". However, the poet used a word "zi" and an word "empty" to implicitly express his unique and special feelings about these scenery-the spring is beautiful and attractive, but the Prime Minister Temple is so lonely and deserted, and there is no one there. Only the poet came alone and returned lonely and sad. Maybe, Wuhou has been forgotten by the world? It is not difficult to see that in the two sentences of "couplets", the poet writes about scenery every sentence, but every word is full of emotion. In his poems, he expressed his feelings for the scenery and euphemistically expressed his sadness and longing for an early reunification caused by the division of the country. It can be said that "the inside story is deep and the location is far-reaching" (Xie Zhen's Four Poems).
In the sentence of "Neck-tie", the poet's style changed and his chest was straight. He summed up Zhuge Liang's life experience, political ideal and contribution to the country in highly concise and warning language. In 207 AD, when Zhuge Liang lived in seclusion in Longzhong (now the west of Xiangfan, Hubei Province), Liu Bei came to this thatched cottage to discuss with him the great plans of the world. After coming out of the mountain, Zhuge Liang first assisted Liu Bei to start a foundation; After Liu Bei died, he helped Liu Chan. This is the so-called "two-dynasty open economy". Zhuge Liang can be said to have done his best to be an "old minister" after his death. Of course, the generalization of art cannot be compared with scientific and historical evaluation. But through the poet's affectionate poems, we can not only understand Zhuge Liang's lifelong career and his appeal to future generations, but also feel the poet's admiration and admiration for him. This couplet, like the last one, is work-oriented, depressed and frustrated. Although it is not gorgeous, it is magnificent and elegant, which can be combined with another poem by Zhuge Liang, "The Three Kingdoms, divided, have been bound by its greatness, and the Eight Pavilions stand in its name."
If poetry is just like this, it may be difficult to receive exciting artistic effects and achieve enduring artistic charm. The predecessors said, "Poetry has eyes". The sentence "knot lotus" is the crowning touch of the whole poem, which can be described as the "poetic eye" of the book. "But before he conquered, he was already dead, and the heroes cried on their coats", which is not just a general condolence and tribute! According to the biography of Three Kingdoms Zhuge Liang, Zhuge Liang sent troops to attack Wei in the spring of the 12th year of Jianxing (AD 234). Wuzhangyuan, south of Weishui (now southwest of Shanxian County, Shaanxi Province), was deadlocked with Wei Jun for more than 100 days and died in August of that year. The marquis of Wu died of unfulfilled ambition, and the poets suffered from chaos and repeated setbacks. Although their experiences are different, their personal fates are very similar in failing to realize their ambitions. That's why. The poet put pen to paper and penetrated the back of the paper, writing desolate and tragic, which made people cry. It can be seen that for thousands of years, people have used this epigram-like poem to express their regret and sympathy for the lost people with lofty ideals, which is not unreasonable.
Shuxiang is one of Du Fu's famous works. It is not only a eulogy, but also an elegy for those who have no ambition. Liu Yuxi, a poet in the Tang Dynasty, said: "A word can understand everything. A poet can serve Wan Li." The poem "Shuxiang" covers history, integrates ancient and modern times, and has concise language and rich connotation. If Liu Yuxi's words are used to evaluate the book, Du Fu deserves it.