Chen Zhifo (1896.9.23-1962.438+0.15) was born in Yuyao, Zhejiang. Modern art educator, arts and crafts artist and painter. 19 16 graduated from Hangzhou a-type industrial school, majoring in textiles, and stayed in school to teach graphics. 19 18 went to Tokyo Fine Arts School to study arts and crafts. He was the first international student to study arts and crafts in Japan, and founded Shangmei Design Museum. He has been a professor at Shanghai Art Institute, Shanghai Academy of Fine Arts and Nanjing Central University, and a professor and head of the Art Department of Nanjing University. Director of China Artists Association, Vice Chairman of Jiangsu Branch of China Artists Association, Vice Chairman of Jiangsu Federation of Literary and Art Circles, etc. Editor-in-chief of the textbook History of Arts and Crafts in China, and published Chen Zhifo Painting Collection and Artistic Human Anatomy.

Name: Chen Zhifo.

Alias: Also known as Chen Shaoben, Chen Jie, and Xue Weng.

Nationality: China.

Ethnic group: Han nationality

Place of birth: Yuyao, Zhejiang

Date of birth:1September 23, 896

Date of death: 1962 65438+ 10/5.

Occupation: modern art educator and painter

Graduation school: Hangzhou A-level industrial school.

Main achievements: Professor of Central University (Nanjing University)

Director of China Artists Association

Vice Chairman of Jiangsu Branch of China Artists Association

Vice Chairman of Jiangsu Federation of Literary and Art Circles

Representative works: table number pattern, pattern teaching material, artistic human anatomy, introduction to western art.

personal record

brief introduction

Chen Zhifo was born in Yuyao, Zhejiang Province. Date of birth:1September 23rd, 996. China painter and arts and crafts artist. Also known as Chen Shaoben and Xue Weng. , 1962 65438+ 10/0/5 died in Nanjing, Jiangsu. 19 15 graduated from Zhejiang university of technology, majoring in dyeing and weaving, and then stayed in school to teach graphics. 19 18 studied in Japan, studied patterns, and joined the Arts and Crafts Department of Tokyo Fine Arts School the following year. 1923 after returning to China, he worked in arts and crafts education. He once taught in Shanghai Academy of Fine Arts and the Art Department of Central University (changed to Nanjing University in 1949), and was once the dean of the National Academy of Fine Arts, the head of the design department, the professor of Shanghai Art University, the head of the design department of Guangzhou Academy of Fine Arts, the editor-in-chief of China magazine, and the professor of the Art Department of Shanghai Academy of Fine Arts and Central University. Good at pattern design and book binding, and then transferred to Chinese painting. He is good at meticulous flower and bird painting. His works are vivid and accurate, with beautiful and elegant colors and fresh and cool style. Later, he served as a professor of Nanjing University, vice president of Nanjing Art Institute and director of China Artists Association. 193 1 taught pattern, art theory and art history in the art department of Central University, and published many works successively, such as Pattern ABC, Pattern Composition Law, Overview of Ceramic Patterns in China, Introduction to Western Fine Arts, and many of them were the first in the history of China fine arts publishing. Editor-in-chief: History of Arts and Crafts in China, Table Number Patterns, Pattern Textbook, Anatomy of Artistic Human Body, Introduction to Western Art, etc. He has published Chen Zhifo's Painting Collection and Chen Zhifo's Painting Collection.

At the age of fifteen, he entered the agricultural preparatory class of Jintang School in the county. At the age of twenty, I graduated from the weaving department of an industrial school in Hangzhou, where I stayed as a teacher and wrote the first flower-shaped handout.

At the age of 22, he was admitted to Feisheng, an official of the Arts and Crafts Department of Tokyo Fine Arts School in Japan, and some of his works won prizes in Japan.

At the age of 28, he returned to China and founded the Shanghai Pattern Museum. He was hired as the head of the pattern department of Shanghai Oriental Art College and worked as a binding designer for books and periodicals such as Oriental Magazine.

At the age of 32, he went to Guangzhou and served as the director of the graphic department of the Municipal Art College. This is the first exhibition of graphic works in China.

Two years later, he returned to Shanghai and worked as a professor in the graphic design department of Shanghai Academy of Fine Arts. At the age of 35, he went to Nanjing and taught graphic design, chromatics, artistic human anatomy and art history in the Art Department of Central University. Since then, he has started writing and made many achievements. 1935 felt the ups and downs of realistic flowers and birds since the Five Dynasties and the Song Dynasty, and decided to revive Yi Gi, concentrate on creating meticulous flower-and-bird paintings, move inward during the Anti-Japanese War, and hold a solo exhibition of flower-and-bird paintings in Chongqing, which attracted worldwide attention.

Former president of the National Art Institute. After the victory, he returned to Nanjing with Central University, acting as the director of the Fine Arts Department, and was hired as a member of the China Committee of UNESCO and the Commissioner of the Fine Arts Group.

After the founding of the People's Republic of China, he served as a professor in the Art Department of Nanjing University, director of the Art Department of Nanjing Normal University, and vice president of Nanjing Art College. He opened two disciplines, dyeing, weaving and decoration, and achieved remarkable results in teaching and writing.

Visiting Poland and Hungary with the delegation, introducing China's fine arts, and participating in the design and layout of Jiangsu Hall of the Great Hall of the People.

After the outbreak of the Anti-Japanese War, Beiping Art College and Hangzhou Art College moved inward and merged into the National Art College. 1942, Chen Zhifo became the headmaster. After working hard for two years, he fell ill and had to resign and return to CUHK. Chen Zhifo has been teaching at Central University for the longest time. 1952 during the adjustment of the departments of the original seven colleges of Central University, the normal college was changed to Nanjing Normal College, the art department was changed to Nanjing Art College, and Chen Zhifo was the vice president. 1956 at the age of 60, he became the director of the Fine Arts Department of Nanjing Normal University, and was also hired as a painter and vice president of Jiangsu Provincial Academy of Chinese Painting. 196 1 year, at the invitation of China post and telecommunications, Chen Zhifo designed a set of three "red-crowned cranes" commemorative stamps based on his paintings.

At the invitation of the Ministry of Culture, he edited the textbook History of Arts and Crafts in China. At the beginning of 1962, the establishment came to an end and I went back to Nanjing for vacation. Eventually, due to overwork, the first aid for sudden cerebral hemorrhage was ineffective, and he died on 15 at the age of 66.

Watching, writing, copying and reading are the golden rules of Chen Zhifo's self-discipline. Chen Zhifo's meticulous flower-and-bird painting is unique in composition, lines and colors. In particular, his use of color, which combines the color essence of eastern and western painting art, makes people feel comfortable and cozy, and is known as one of the top ten famous artists in contemporary China. 1983, ten representative works of Chen Zhifo, Fu Baoshi, Pan Tianshou, Qi Baishi and Wu Changshuo were selected and exhibited in Europe and America, causing a sensation.

Chen Zhifo is an important representative of modern art and art education in China. We all admire his persistence in art education and his style in the art world. He is not only a pioneer of pattern painting in China, but also a mentor to promote and develop arts and crafts in China. He devoted all his life to creating miracles in the field of meticulous flower-and-bird painting in China, and won the reputation of "Southern Chen and Northern Yu". The huge meticulous flower-and-bird painting "The First Ling He" was embroidered in Shuang Mianxiu by Suzhou Embroidery Research Institute and displayed in Jiangsu Hall of the Great Hall of the People.

During the Cultural Revolution, Chen Zhifo's posthumous works and collections were escorted to the vault of Nanjing Museum for preservation, which not only planted a continuous connection between Nanjing Museum and Chen Zhifo family, but also preserved precious works of art for people all over the world who loved China's meticulous flower-and-bird painting. Chen Zhifo's posthumous work has never left the Nanjing Museum.

Personal record

196 1 year, entrusted by the Ministry of Culture, edited the textbook History of Arts and Crafts in China.

1962 65438+1October 15 died of cerebral hemorrhage in Nanjing.

He used to be a director of China Artists Association, vice chairman of Jiangsu Branch of Artists Association and vice chairman of Jiangsu Federation of Literary and Art Circles.

Works: Chen Zhifo's Painting Collection, Selected Paintings of Chen Zhifo, Chen Zhifo's Fine-brush Flower-and-Bird Painting Collection, Pattern Composition Method, Introduction to Western Art, Anatomy of Artistic Human Body, Overview of Ceramic Patterns in China in Past Dynasties, History of Western Painting, etc.

In his early years, he devoted himself to the design, creation and teaching of industrial and commercial patterns, as well as the research of meticulous flower-and-bird painting. After middle age, he specialized in meticulous flower-and-bird painting. During the Five Dynasties, Song and Yuan Dynasties, he sketched the artistic conception, momentum, composition, modeling, pen and ink, and color design of flowers and birds with great care, which won him ignorance. He also built a small garden, planted flowers and grass, fed birds and rabbits, observed rain and snow day and night, and knew the ecological expression clearly, so he gave it a warm-hearted work in the name of "Snow Weng".

In his early works, he pursued indifferent, quiet, elegant and quiet artistic conception, enjoyed himself and pinned his views on society and life. The works in 1950s and 1960s tend to be cheerful and lively, reflecting the changes of the author's mood. Occasionally, huge works will appear, and freshness and elegance are the basic characteristics of all his creations.

He is good at composition and color setting, and pays attention to the beauty of form. In addition to the general rules, he often writes about exercise, warmth and tightness, which is unconventional.

Magpies, pigeons, cranes and the like all have unique performances and become models. Patterns and colors are often blended into ink, colored papers with different background colors are used to express the theme, while modeling is combined with dyeing, or ancient branches are made of water stains, which is conducive to expressing the fullness of the works.

It can also be scenery, occasionally.

Assess the impact

evaluate

Chen Zhifo's paintings are very rigorous. He only completed more than 500 meticulous flower-and-bird paintings in his life, and ended his life with a weak ambition for fame and fortune. Before his death, he often told his family that the paintings of outstanding artists are the cultural property of the country and can only be preserved for a long time if they are donated to the government. Until the two sides of the strait opened up to visit relatives, 90-year-old Mrs. Chen Zhifo personally presided over, planned Chen Zhifo's unfulfilled wish with her children, and formally donated 90 posthumous works to the country.

affect

In order to encourage donations, the authorities awarded a bonus of 400,000 yuan. Chen Zhifo was indifferent to fame and fortune all his life, and later generations followed the instructions of the imperial court. Long before the completion of the "Art Exhibition Hall", his eldest son Chen and other family members decided to donate all the prize money to the scholarship of Nanjing Painting Academy and the "Art Research Fund" of Nanjing Museum, each with 200,000 yuan. Later, Nanbo has been using this fund to compile The Complete Works of Chen Zhifo.

honour

1999, the new exhibition hall expanded by Nanjing Museum was completed, and a large exhibition hall on the right wing on the first floor was officially turned into "Chen Zhifo Art Exhibition Hall". The family decided to hand over the inheritance to Jiangsu Province, because Chen Zhifo's career was in Jiangsu Province all his life. He officially donated 90 heritage works stored in Nanjing Museum for decades to the country, and the Jiangsu Provincial Department of Culture kept them permanently in Nanjing Museum. The Nanjing Museum has compiled these excellent works of art into a very beautiful collection of Chen Zhifo paintings.

Character history

Former residence of Chen Zhifo

Yangzhen Road, the former residence of Mr. Chen Zhifo, a master of meticulous flower-and-bird painting in China, is located in the downtown of Cixi, which is bustling with high-rise buildings. It is quiet in the noise, and there is a unique hole in the sky. The main building of Yangzhen Road is a row of seven-bay bungalows, built in the light years of Qing Dynasty, with bluestone eaves and white walls and tiles, which is simple and elegant. The house faces east and west. There are several tall Metasequoia trees in the yard in front of the house, with wisteria and Parthenocissus tricuspidata hanging upside down, which is very interesting. In the lobby, there is a row of doors carved with vertical and horizontal grids, and mahogany horizontal plaques are hung on the doors. The word "raising a true family" was written by Deng Bai, who was under the door of a tall Chen Zhifo. The hall is furnished with mahogany tables and chairs, and several tables and chairs, on which Four Treasures of the Study, a pottery bottle, is listed. Hanging in the middle is a portrait of Chen Zhifo, a handsome man with a broad forehead, a long beard and black-rimmed glasses. On both sides are books learned by his disciples.

On the left side of Yang Zhenlu Hall is the exhibition room of Chen Zhifo's life and works, and on the right side is the living room. There is a small garden in the west of the former residence, with plantains planted on several stems, covered with green shade, which is extremely lovely. At first glance, it looks like a beautiful woman dressed in green and dancing with long sleeves. One side of the fence is covered with vines, or vines, or stone feet, or hanging eaves over the wall. Next to the wall, bamboo trees are shaded, Metasequoia glyptostroboides are towering, and Haitang plum blossoms are dotted among them. Although there are no exotic flowers and plants in the garden, they are all Chen Zhifo's favorite things.

Although it is not big, it is well known. Scholars, when they arrived at Cixi, all admired Xue Weng. Yangzhen Road has precious Mo Bao left by celebrities from all over the country. These treasures set off Mr. Chen Zhifo's masterpieces handed down from generation to generation, making Little Zhu Zhen a good place for cultural people to observe and learn skills.

Calligraphy and painting donated to Guo Bo.

20 12 On August 24th, the donation of Chen Zhifo's paintings and calligraphy works and the establishment ceremony of "Chen Zhifo Art History Research Award" were held in the National Museum of China. Chen Zhifo's descendants donated 13 Chen Zhifo masterpieces such as Snow Goose, Flying Snow in Spring, Plum Parrot and Sleeping Magpie to the National Museum, and donated 1 10,000 yuan to the National Expo Foundation to establish the "Chen Zhifo Art History Research Award" to reward outstanding young and middle-aged domestic art history and theoretical researchers.

Chen Zhifo is a famous art educator in China, a pioneer in the theory and practice of modern arts and crafts in China, and one of the most outstanding meticulous flower-and-bird painting masters in the 20th century. His flower-and-bird paintings inherited the fine tradition of meticulous painting since the Song and Yuan Dynasties, and combined western painting methods with pattern rules, forming a unique style with both national traditions and stereotypes. As an art educator, Chen Zhifo has made great contributions to the development of art education in China.

Birthday 1 10 anniversary

On September 30th, 2006, the commemorative meeting of Liu Haisu and Chen Zhifo's birthday 1 10 was held in the concert hall of Nanjing Art Institute. Sun Zhijun, member of the Standing Committee of the Provincial Party Committee and Minister of Propaganda, Zhao Long, deputy director of the Provincial People's Congress, Feng, vice chairman of the Provincial Political Consultative Conference and president of Nanjing Art Institute, Yang Chengzhi, deputy director of the Propaganda Department of the Provincial Party Committee and secretary general of the Provincial Federation of Literary and Art Circles, Wang Bintai, director of the theoretical committee of China Artists Association and a famous painter Shao Dazhen, student representative and famous painter Yu, daughter of Mr. Liu Haisu and daughter of Mr. Chen Zhifo Chen Xiufan attended the meeting.

After the meeting, Governor Liang made a special trip to the Jiangsu Provincial Art Museum to cut the ribbon for the "Liu Haisu Art Exhibition" and watch the exhibition with other leaders and guests.

March 16, 2006 is the anniversary of the birth of Mr. Liu Haisu, the pioneer of China Art Nouveau Movement, the founder of modern art education and the former president of Nanjing Art Institute. September14th is the anniversary of the birth of Mr. Chen Zhifo, a pioneer of modern arts and crafts education, an outstanding meticulous flower-and-bird painter and former vice president of Nanjing Art Institute. Holding and holding a series of commemorative activities on this occasion is of special and far-reaching significance for remembering two outstanding art educators and outstanding masters.

works

Spring Picture of Peace: This work has a huge space and a strong color of green stone and bluestone rockery, which forms a strong contrast and echo with the red double-petal peach blossom, giving people a strong impact and shock visually and firmly grasping the audience's line of sight. While attracting the audience with bright colors, many nuances on the screen are wonderful, revealing the author's unique ingenuity: there are many crystal-clear single-petal peaches between the hearts, making the red more red and the white more moist; There are many unknown flowers and plants in the blossoming roses, and a strong sense of spring jumps from the paper, which makes the viewer feel an indescribable pleasure and joy while enjoying this work. The composition of meticulous painting is often formulated and conceptualized because of rigidity. Chen Zhifo's works never stick to the rules in composition and dare to innovate. Although the scenery in the painting is complex, the primary and secondary are distinct, the dynamic and static correspond, and the reality and reality coexist, forming a unique charm of complexity but not chaos and insipid.

As a famous meticulous painter in modern times, Chen Zhifo was also an accomplished craftsman. Therefore, he has his own unique views and practices on the color of his works. In his works, some colors are quite rich, but they are properly grasped. For example, the treatment of rocks and peach blossoms in this work can be gorgeous but not vulgar, heavy but not stagnant, giving people the feeling of being bright, soft, elegant and magnificent, without the slightest "anger" and "craftsmanship". In some places, the color is very light, but it is light and not thin. For example, light-colored pigeons are still meaningful and ethereal.

Chen Zhifo's meticulous flower-and-bird painting is very different from traditional painting. If we want to define it accurately, it should belong to the category of "new meticulous painting" He carefully studied and copied a large number of works by Huang Quan, Xu Xi and Cui Bai, and was familiar with the technical characteristics of various schools. He has a solid foundation in traditional painting, and does not blindly inherit the tradition, but seeks innovation and development on the basis of the tradition. Coupled with studying in Japan in his early years, he was familiar with the knowledge of anatomy, perspective and color in western paintings, which made his works present a unique style of blending Chinese and western.

Atlas of works

Mr. Chen Zhifo left many precious works of art for us to appreciate and observe.