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Chen Longxiang's life experience.
19 16, Chen Longxiang was admitted to the mechanic of Hunan Electric Power Bureau and once served as the maintenance monitor. Later, influenced by the current situation, he thought it was necessary to "enlighten the people's wisdom", so he resigned as the locomotive monitor and began his seven-year teaching career in Changsha No.1 Girls' High School 19 18.

From 65438 to 0925, Chen Longxiang initiated and organized the Bacon Society named after Bacon, a famous British scientist and philosopher. Its members are some progressive teachers. He often organizes members of the society to read progressive books and periodicals, learn revolutionary theory and discuss ways to save the country and the people; And use the house of Huang Yinmian, a member of the society, to set up a "bacon school" to recruit children of poor farmers nearby free of charge. Joined China Kuomintang in the same year.

1February, 926, Chen Longxiang went to Guangzhou Central Political Workshop to study. After graduation, he and about 50 other Hunan students were personally selected by Mao Zedong and assigned to work in the Northern Expeditionary Army. Together with Huang Kecheng and Zeng San, he served as the political secretary of the Seventh Army of the Northern Expeditionary Army. When the Seventh Army was about to enter Wuhan, factional friction occurred within the army and Hunan soldiers were excluded. Chen Longxiang was forced to return to Changsha with Liu, director of the Political Department. Recommended by Li Yanong, an old friend, executive director of the Kuomintang Changsha Party Department, minister of agriculture and industry (and secretary of the Communist Party of China), he was arranged to be a secretary in the Propaganda Department of the Municipal Party Committee, responsible for training in party member. Soon, the Standing Committee of the Municipal Party Committee appointed him as the Acting Minister of Propaganda. In February of the same year, 65438+ was elected as the executive member of the Municipal Party Committee and the Minister of Propaganda Department at the Second Congress of the Kuomintang in Changsha.

1926 10 Chiang Kai-shek actively fought the national counter-revolutionary United front. Liu Yuezhi, a member of the Standing Committee of Hunan Provincial Party Committee, and Li Yuyao, a supervisor, attended the joint meeting of the Central Supervisory Committee and representatives of provincial party departments held by the Kuomintang Central Committee in Guangzhou. Led by Gan Naiguang, they invited some Kuomintang Rightists to a secret meeting and initiated the organization of a "leftist society" counter-revolutionary group. After Liu Yuezhi returned to Hunan, he immediately resigned as the finance director of the provincial government in the name of "fully engaging in party affairs", corrected a group of reactionary bureaucratic politicians, secretly organized Hunan "leftist society" and waited for an opportunity to usurp the revolutionary leadership. 1 1 One day in June, Liu, the backbone of Zuoshe, came to Chen Longxiang, mobilized him to join Zuoshe, and made a wish to be the construction director in the future. He pretended to be "considered"; At the same time, he immediately reported to Li Yanong, Minister of the Municipal Party Department, and proposed to enter the "Left Society" to understand the internal situation. After Li Yanong asked Xia, the head of Hunan District Committee of the Communist Party of China, for permission, he became a member of the "leftist society". Soon, he was appointed as a communications committee member and attended various important meetings. His activities in the "Left Society" provided important information for the CPC Party organizations to understand the "Left Society".

Liu Yuezhi, the leader of Zuoshe, was one of the main representatives of the reactionary forces in urban and rural areas of the province at that time. He once published an agricultural movement plan in Hunan on February 22, 1927 in1National Daily, protecting the interests of landlords and exploiting classes and slandering members of peasant associations as "hooligans". Shouting that "peasant associations at all levels should be directly under the jurisdiction of the Kuomintang"; He also threatened: "If the farmers' associations don't obey the discipline, they will reorganize the research room separately. "As soon as this program was published, members of the' leftist society' and local tyrants and evil gentry in all parts of the province regarded it as an imperial edict, frantically smashed peasant associations, snatched guns from peasant self-guards, and even organized' pro-production parties' and assassination groups to kill peasant association cadres in an attempt to stifle the vigorous peasant movement in the province.

Once Liu Yuezhi's counter-revolutionary activities were made public, they were immediately resolutely countered by the Hunan Provincial Committee of the Communist Party of China, local party organizations and the Kuomintang leftists. In addition to exposing and refuting in newspapers and periodicals, Mao Zedong's Investigation Report on Hunan Peasant Movement was systematically published. At the same time, two days after the "Agricultural Movement Plan" was put forward, a mass meeting was held in the Education Center (note: Changsha Youth Palace), and it was decided that Chen Longxiang would expose Liu Yuezhi and his "Left Society" counter-revolutionary crimes at the meeting, which was destroyed by "Left Society" elements and ended in vain. Liu Yuezhi, Liu and others saw that the plot was exposed, and the next day they sneaked to Nanjing to take refuge in Chiang Kai-shek.

1On February 26th, 927, in order to combat the counter-revolutionary arrogance of Liu Yue and his gang, the Supervisory Committee of the Party Department of the Kuomintang Changsha held an enlarged meeting to discuss the issue of "leftist society". When the leaders of the party departments in various districts listed the evils of the "Left Society" elements in succession and unanimously demanded a thorough investigation, but failed to produce sufficient evidence, Chen Longxiang and Huo Ran stood up, holding a stack of documents in their right hand and said, "Look, these are the meeting notices of the Left Society, which are the real evidence of their counter-revolutionary activities!" These words, like a blockbuster, immediately stunned and panicked the leaders of the "left society". Then Chen Longxiang revealed that Liu Yuezhi and others did not obey the ban of the Kuomintang Central Committee, secretly formed a "leftist society", provoked the relationship between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party, attacked all kinds of plots that undermined the cooperation between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party and cracked down on the peasant movement ... Later, he handed over seven notices from the "leftist society" to the chairman of the meeting, Zhu. At this time, applause broke out at the venue, and the participants unanimously demanded that these leftists who brought disaster to the country and people be punished. Wang, the left-wing backbone present, was deprived of the right to speak by Zhu, the chairman of the conference (the Standing Committee of the Executive Committee of the Municipal Party Committee) and walked out. Finally, the meeting decided: Party departments at all levels are required to thoroughly investigate the "Left Society" elements, and those who turn themselves in can be dealt with as appropriate; Announced to stop the "leftist society" leaders Liu Yuezhi, Liu, Chen Guren, Wang and others from joining the party until they are investigated.

On March 1927 and 1 1 day, the Kuomintang Party Departments in Hunan Province and Changsha City made decisions: Liu Yuezhi, Liu, Chen Jiaren,,, Mao, Quan Wang and Xie Qinghe were expelled from the Party and dismissed from their posts. Seal up the National Daily, which carries out counter-revolutionary propaganda for the "leftist society"; Close the activity bases occupied by "Zuoshe" elements, such as Chen Guang Middle School, Sanxiang Middle School and Chunde Girls' School. Then, the Organization Department of the Kuomintang Provincial Party Department issued the Notice on Investigating Party Organizations within the Party, and the provincial government ordered all counties to withdraw the list of "Left Societies" and strictly ordered the arrest of "Left Societies" elements. A thorough investigation of "leftist society" elements and the struggle against local tyrants and evil gentry in the peasant movement were carried out throughout the province, and a number of local tyrants and evil gentry with great public indignation were suppressed and punished one after another.

1927 April 12, after the "April 12th counter-revolutionary coup" in Shanghai, counter-revolutionaries in Hunan became arrogant again. Under the leadership of China, Chen Longxiang's struggle with the Kuomintang Rightists became more determined. He personally took part in the workers' picket action of the Municipal Federation of Trade Unions and arrested heinous evil gentry and counter-revolutionaries, such as Ye Dehui, Yu Bohua and Wan Jiuqi. On April 14, in cooperation with Guo Liang, Director-General of the Provincial Federation of Trade Unions, a 100,000-person "Anti-Chiang Demonstration and the Second Counter-revolutionary Congress" jointly sponsored by more than 600 organizations from all walks of life in Hunan Province was held. After the meeting, Ye and Yu were shot on the spot (tried by the Hunan Provincial Special Court, with judges Wu, Feng Tianzhu, Xie Juezai, Dai and Yi). The broad masses applauded it.

1April, 927 17, Chen Longxiang held a meeting of propaganda committee members of party departments at all levels in the city, and in the name of propaganda minister of party departments in the city, issued an instruction to comrades of party departments at all levels in the city, clearly pointing out: "Today's Chiang Kai-shek has become a traitor to the party and the country, public enemies. If it is allowed to tolerate its reactionary behavior under the banner of revolution for a long time, the dangers and losses suffered by the party and the country will be more severe and more difficult to prevent than the well-known imperialist aggression and warlord slaughter. Inadvertently, the interests of the whole party and most people can be destroyed by him and betrayed unconsciously by him. Therefore, we want to overthrow Chiang Kai-shek because he abandoned the people and went to the dark road in despair. There is absolutely no need for our comrades to doubt Chiang Kai-shek's counter-revolution and to be emotional. They should understand their responsibilities and step up their efforts to overthrow him and eradicate him in the spirit of revolution. "

In order to mobilize the masses against Chiang Kai-shek, Chen Longxiang often attended mass organizations such as industry, agriculture, commerce, religion and women, delivered speeches, and called on the people to unite against Chiang Kai-shek and strengthen their confidence in the victory of the revolution. He said: "If we want a revolution, we must remove stones from workers and farmers. Although the enemy is cruel to us, they will never have the power to stop us from moving forward. I dare to assert that as long as we are closely United, we can destroy these enemies in a few years or decades. "

1927 In May, Xia Douyin rebelled in Hubei, and the wind in Changsha was very tight. In this revolutionary and counter-revolutionary struggle is very sharp, white terror is extremely serious moment, Chen Longxiang resolutely joined China.

When the Changsha "Ma Ri incident" happened, Chen Longxiang escaped from danger at the provincial party committee headquarters and went to Wuhan and Shanghai. After Ma Ri incident, Liu Yuezhi made a comeback. Liu Yuezhi, Liu and Chen Jiaren respectively served as finance director, construction director, civil affairs director and secretary general of the provincial government. Other major members of Zuoshe, such as Zuo became the vice president of the court of Hunan Reform-through-Labor Committee, Li Qiong became the judge of the court, and Zhou became the director of the provincial public security department. The common concern of this group of counter-revolutionaries is to execute Chen Longxiang to vent their hatred. So they offered a reward and sent detectives to search for Chen Longxiang everywhere.

After Chen Longxiang fled Changsha, he successively entered the Zhang Guowei Department of Nanmian County (now Xiantao) in Hubei Province and the Anti-smoking Bureau, but both failed to gain a firm foothold because of hot pursuit. 1February, 929, Chen Longxiang, alias Chen Xin, was arranged to lurk in Jingxian County Public Security Bureau as the director. In July, his residence was discovered by the traitor Liu Shaoshu, who was arrested locally and sent back to Changsha in September of the same year.

After the news of Chen Longxiang's return to Changsha spread, the former leaders of Zuoshe, such as Liu Yuezhi, Liu and Wang, signed a letter to celebrate and urged the provincial "Qing Xiang" headquarters to execute as soon as possible.

During his detention, Chen Longxiang was tortured by various kinds of torture. His back was burned and his flesh fell off. His two thumbs were hung off and his legs were broken. He would rather die than surrender, never revealing the identity of party member, sticking to party secrets and protecting revolutionary comrades. At the public trial, he endured criminal injuries, denounced the enemy and shouted, "Down with Chiang Kai-shek!" Show fearless heroism.

1930 On March 2 1 day, Chen Longxiang was shot and killed at the literacy ridge outside Liuyang, Changsha, at the age of 30. Before his death, he wrote a suicide note to his wife and three sons, asking her to change her name to Chen Xin's legacy in order to inherit his legacy. The suicide note is accompanied by a photo with a poem engraved on the back:

It is difficult for Dan Qing to stay in the old days, so don't feel sorry for Shao Guang's absence.

For thirty years, my ambition has not been rewarded. I am willing to remain brave and take care of others.

Xu Teli later said in his memory: "Comrade Chen Longxiang is party member of our party. 1927, I worked with him in the left wing of the Kuomintang. After Ma Ri incident, we separated, but I often pay attention to his survival, because his political activities left a deep impression on me.

After the founding of People's Republic of China (PRC), Comrade Zeng San, Chen Longxiang's close comrade-in-arms, former director of the National Archives Bureau and deputy director of the General Office of the Central Committee of the CPC, wrote an inscription for his tombstone (built in the hometown of martyrs): "Forever heroic spirit". He spoke highly of the life of the martyr Chen Longxiang.