1, work content
Riveting workers should not only make corresponding metal products according to the requirements, but also have the knowledge of drawing and drawing. Knowledge of common metal materials and heat treatment; Raw materials and general structural parts that can correct large deformation or composite deformation can be made into unfolded drawings with basic shapes, and the length of unfolded materials can be calculated; Able to use and maintain shearing machine, gas cutting, welding machine and other equipment; Be able to read and assemble the drawings of trusses, beams and columns, boxes, boxes and medium and low pressure vessels, conduct all-position positioning welding, riveting and threaded connection, and check the size, shape and position.
2. Knowledge and skills
Mainly know the map; Knowledge of common metal materials and heat treatment; Raw materials and general structural parts that can correct large deformation or composite deformation can be made into unfolded drawings with basic shapes, and the length of unfolded materials can be calculated; Able to use and maintain shearing machine, gas cutting, welding machine and other equipment; Be able to read and assemble the drawings of trusses, beams and columns, boxes, boxes and medium and low pressure vessels, conduct all-position positioning welding, riveting and threaded connection, and check the size, shape and position.
3, riveter safety technical regulations
(1) Before working, tools and equipment must be checked and kept in good condition. Such as hammers, punches and other tools that have been hammered, have no burrs, scars and cracks in the hammer handle. The installation should be firm, and the hammer must be equipped with an iron wedge. Quenching is strictly prohibited at the top of various hammering tools.
(2) When using a sledgehammer, pay attention to the scope of the hammer. Think twice when you hammer. No one is allowed to stand opposite. Do not wear gloves when hammering.
(3) shovel, chop, rivet welding, etc. Wear protective glasses and don't operate on people. When using an air shovel, you must abide by the "Technical Specification for Safety of Air Shovel".
(4) Use riveter, fitter's equipment and fitter's common tools such as grinder, pneumatic tools, portable electric and portable pneumatic tools, hammers, flat shovels, etc. Should be implemented in accordance with various safety technical regulations.
⑤ When using crane lifting parts, you must abide by the Safety Technical Regulations for Overhead Crane. Check whether the spreader is safe and reliable. No one is allowed to walk or stay under the sling. Command correctly and cooperate carefully.
6. When working on the heating furnace, stay away from wires or flammable items. After work, the thermal power plant must be put out, and after the flameout, it must be inspected in detail to avoid re-ignition.
⑦ Heated materials should be stored at fixed points. When it is necessary to move, measures should be taken to prevent burns.
When assembling riveted and welded parts, hands are not allowed to touch the corresponding parts of the object to prevent the hands from being punctured and squeezed. When using wedge and crowbar, the fulcrum should be firm, and no one is allowed on the opposite side to prevent slipping.
Pet-name ruby to the scene for equipment maintenance, must deal with "safety maintenance certificate" before work; To enter the equipment for maintenance, you must apply for the "Equipment Maintenance Certificate". When entering flammable and explosive areas for maintenance, a "hot work permit" must be obtained. And according to their respective safety technical regulations, construction is strictly prohibited without permission.
Attending the work during equipment maintenance. Need to deal with the "contact list of equipment maintenance stop power transmission", and the electrician will stop power transmission and take safety measures. Equipment that can be directly stopped or cut off by non-electricians must be locked on the switch box of the knife switch after stopping and cutting off with the consent of the operator, or a sign "No Closing" should be hung on the knife switch, and special personnel should be assigned for supervision if necessary.
When riveting welding is carried out in equipment towers and tanks, the relevant provisions in the "Safety Production Maintenance System" shall be observed. The use of traveling lamps shall comply with the Technical Specification for Safety of Traveling Lamps.
When screwing nails and seams, you must wear protective glasses.
When working at heights, you must abide by the Technical Specification for Safety in Working at Heights.
All personnel engaged in riveting industry must abide by this regulation and the safety technical regulations of various mechanical equipment in riveting industry.
Second, welder is a special metal welding job in machinery manufacturing and machining industry, and it is also a very important post.
1, work content
The welder's work often makes the work clothes completely wet. Chronic manganese poisoning is mainly seen in workers who inhale manganese dust for a long time. The clinical manifestations are mainly extrapyramidal nervous system symptoms, neurobehavioral dysfunction and mental disorders. People who are exposed to manganese include manganese mining and smelting, manganese covered electrode manufacturing, welding and cutting manganese alloys, and industrial workers who manufacture and use manganese dioxide, permanganate and other manganese compounds. In welding, welders are often harmed by strong light, infrared rays and ultraviolet rays. X-rays produced by electron beam in welding will affect the health of welders.
① Combustion and explosion accidents caused by welding sparks.
② Burn and scald accidents caused by welding flame or candle.
(3) Electric shock accidents and falling accidents during welding.
(4) Welders will cause diseases such as blood, eyes, skin and lungs during operation.
⑤ During welding, the metal, covered electrode coating, dirt, paint, etc. at the welding site. Evaporation or combustion due to high temperature, forming smoky steam dust, leading to poisoning.
⑤ The high-frequency electromagnetic field generated by welding will make people dizzy and tired.
The harm of welding operation is not inevitable. As long as each welder strictly abides by the safety regulations of welding and cutting operations,
⑥ These hazards can be prevented for junior welders who often suffer from electro-optic ophthalmia.
⑦ Welders are often scalded by molten iron during their internship.
2. Work skills
According to their own welding skills, welders have obtained the technical titles of junior, intermediate, senior, technician and senior technician through the welding skill examination, and obtained the technical grade certificate issued by the state. Different titles can carry out different welding operations. For the welding of pressure vessels such as boilers, it is necessary to obtain a welding license for pressure vessels. Welder is a skilled job. If you haven't been engaged in welding for a long time, you need to obtain a technical grade certificate again. Welders must hold a work permit, which will be reviewed every three years. One person, one card, one card. The main function of work permit: correct operation and safe production.
3. Career prospects
With the development of production and the progress of science and technology, electric welding technology has become an independent discipline and is widely used in aerospace, aviation, nuclear industry, shipbuilding, construction and machinery manufacturing. In the development of China's national economy, especially in the development of manufacturing industry, welding technology is an indispensable processing means. Electric welder is a kind of mechanical manufacturing, and it is a very important type of work in the manufacturing industry. At present, China's processing and manufacturing industry lacks many talents in this field, and the treatment of senior blue-collar workers is higher than that of white-collar workers.