The name Shi Heng usually refers to a powerful minister in the early and middle Ming Dynasty.

Fighting Ming Yingzong, Jingtai Emperor, Yu Qian and Peiping (against Walla). Related to many historical events.

The most famous event related to it is the "change of seizing the door" in Jingtai for 8 years.

It refers to Zhu Qizhen, the "Emperor's Father" who returned to Beijing after being captured by Vala in the later period of Jingtai Emperor, and with the support of Shi Heng and others, launched a "change of seizing the door" to help the British Restoration.

Shi Heng (? -1460), from Weinan, Shaanxi. The generals and officials of the Ming Dynasty were loyal to lord protector with the prince as a teacher.

In his early years, he fought Vala with outstanding achievements. Later, in the eighth year of Jingtai (1457), he launched a rebellion to seize the door, supported the restoration of Zhu Qizhen, and the ruling and opposition parties were able to dump power.

In the fourth year of Tianshun (1460), Shi Heng cultivated henchmen and intervened in state affairs. Zhu Qizhen couldn't stand it, so he did his job, offended me, died in prison and killed his henchmen. Later, he was sent to prison for family misconduct, convicted of treason, and lost family resources.

Detailed description:

Merit of border pass

Shi Heng looks strange, square face, tall, with a knee-length beard. He is good at horseback riding and archery, especially broadsword. In his early years, he inherited his father's footsteps and was appointed commander of Kuanhewei. [ 1]

In the first year of orthodoxy (1436), Shi Heng defeated Waci Army in Huangniupo, regained many war horses, won the first battle, and moved the capital to take charge of state affairs.

In the first month of the third year of orthodoxy (1438), more than 300 Waci cavalry were drinking horses by the Yellow River, and Shi Heng led them to the foot of Guanshan Mountain, taking many prisoners. He was promoted to commander-in-chief of Tongzhi, and also served as general Zuo, helping Wujin Zhu Bomian defend Datong.

After six years of orthodoxy (144 1), Shi Heng said to Zhu Qizhen, "It's hard to make up the salary of the frontier. If the imperial court can distribute the seeds of cattle and let the army reclaim the frontier land, it can increase the commissary 18000 stone every year. "

In the seventh year of orthodoxy (1442), Shi Heng invited the garrison to build a fortress at the border of Datong West Road, and hoarded food and grass, which was adopted by Zhu Qizhen. Since then, Shi Heng has defeated Waci Army many times in Red City, Yan 'an, Jinshan and other places, and has been promoted to commander and commander. In order to collect talents for the court, he asked to imitate the system of Han and Tang Dynasties. In addition to recommendation, he also needs to set up ambitious military plans and unparalleled knowledge, and introduce the recommended sages first, and then try them out before taking office. [2]

In the fourteenth year of orthodoxy (1449), Shi Heng and viceroy Marin toured the Great Wall to Arrow Mountain, defeated the boundless army, and became viceroy and tongzhi. At that time, in addition to Yang Hong, Shi Heng was a border guard with both wisdom and courage. Although he was a partial general, the court regarded him as a guard. That autumn, Datong was first attacked on a large scale. Hou Songying of Xining and Zhu Mian of Wujin fought in Yuyang and Hekou, and Song and Zhu were killed. He ran back alone, demoted his official position and recruited soldiers, which made a contribution to atonement. [3]

At this point, Xi Wang Zhu Chyi Yu supervised the country, and Shi Heng was recommended by the Prime Minister Yu Qian, who was in charge of the camp of the Five Armies and was promoted to the right commander. Soon, it was named Wu Qingbo. Tao Jin, Sun Bin and other nine generals were led to guard the nine gates. At that time, Deshengmen was the first to bear the brunt, and Shi Heng was ordered by Yu Qian to lead a fierce battle. He ambushed the team first, lured them deep, and killed many people. Unable to attack, the three armed forces stormed Xizhimen, surrounded the garrison commander Sun Man, and were ordered to rescue him. After five days of fierce fighting, he also escaped first, and Shi Heng was blocked for his work. [4]

Take the door of change

In February of the first year of Jingtai (1450), Zhu Qiyu acceded to the throne. Shi Heng was named General Shuo in Pei County, and led 30,000 Beijing soldiers to patrol Datong, defeating the invasion of Wala Army. The court gave him a hereditary patent certificate. At that time, the court replaced the prince, and Shi Heng sealed a surname. [5]

When Yu Qian established the regiment camp, he appointed Shi Heng as the prefect and company commander.

In the eighth year of Jingtai (1457), Zhu Qiyu traveled to the suburbs and lived in Zhai Gong. Due to illness, he was unable to perform the sacrificial ceremony and ordered Shi Heng to offer sacrifices. When Dai Zong was on his deathbed, he saw that he was seriously ill. He consulted with Zhang Gui and others, and asked the emperor's father who was under house arrest to reset.

In the eighth year of Jingtai (1457), on the 16th night of the first month, Xu Youzhen entered the palace in advance, and Shi Heng and others led 1000 soldiers to sneak into the Chang 'an Gate, with Cao Jixiang as the inside, and directly entered the Nangong. Zhu Qizhen, escorted by Cao Jixiang, Shi Heng and others, got into the sedan chair and ran to the palace. Wait until dawn, Cao Jixiang bells and drums, open the door of the temple. Ministers waiting for the early dynasty didn't expect Zhu Qizhen to sit in court and look at each other, at a loss. I only heard Xu Youzhen say, "The emperor's father was restored. Why don't you go and see him? ! "After Zhu Qizhen came back, he thought that Shi Heng had made the first contribution, made him loyal to lord protector, and gave him special treatment. He said everything. [6]

Arrogant and overbearing

Since then, Shi Heng's desire for power has expanded. His younger brother, nephew and his family all took the initiative to become officials, and his subordinate relatives and friends also reached more than 4,000 people. Ministers in the capital are often expelled from the court by him under the pretext. He also accepted bribes and promoted Sun Hong as a servant. Six people, including Chen and Tia Xiao, are employees; Liu Bendao is an assistant minister. At that time, Shi Heng was so angry that some people who tried to get promoted prostrated themselves at his door, and sometimes the ballad "Zhu San thousand, dragons 800" appeared. He actually killed Yu Qian, Fan Guang and other important assistant ministers who insisted on fighting foreign aggression, and demoted nine people who had advised him, such as Zhang Cheng and Gan Ze. Not only that, but also Daxing unjust verdict, framed Geng Jiuchou and Zheng Yue in prison, and drove Yang Xuan and Zhang Peng to the border. All the civil servants in the imperial court were replaced by military commanders. He monopolized power and interfered in state affairs at will. I go to see the emperor every day, even if I don't summon him, it's an excuse to enter the palace. If you don't do what you say, you will suddenly change color. After leaving the palace, he boasted about his authority. [7]

Over time, he couldn't stand it, so he asked Xian. Li Xian said: "Your Majesty is the only person in charge of internal affairs." One day, Zhu Qizhen said to Li Xian, "If the minister has something to do, he must go and see it. Shi Heng is a military commander. Why do you often see it? " So he immediately told Zuo Shunmen: "Unless summoned, you can't insert a military attache." Since then, Shi Heng's visits to the palace have decreased. [8]

Shi Heng once told Zhu Qizhen to ask the court to erect a monument to his ancestral grave. The Ministry of Industry asked Shi Heng to invite you to build and inscribe the Hanlin Academy. Zhu Qizhen believes that since the establishment of Yongle, the imperial court has not set a precedent for the ancestors of heroes to stand on their own feet.

Previously, Zhu Qizhen had ordered a company to build a mansion for Shi Heng, which was more magnificent than the regulations. Even Zhu Qizhen was surprised and asked, "Whose house is this?" Hou Wujin respectfully replied, "This must be the palace." Yingzong said, "No!" Wujin went on to say, "If it's not from the palace, who dares to cross this?" Yingzong can only nod knowingly. Said his nephew shi biao, distant Hou, arrogant as. Their uncles have tens of thousands of talented warriors, and half of the generals inside and outside the court are from the Stone Family. People in the capital have to look at each other. [9]

Be punished by physical death

In the autumn of Tianshun three years (1459), Shi Heng was implicated because of his nephew's rebellion and humiliation of the Prince, so he stopped going to court, cut officials for the people, and investigated Shi Heng's cronies, all of whom were ousted.

In the first month of Tianshun four years (1460), the Royal Guards directed Shi Heng to play on the platform with ulterior motives, so he and his grand nephew seized power and ran amok, and together with Zou, a warlock, created rumors and raised rogues, waiting for an opportunity to observe the movement of the imperial court, and schemed. The court etiquette hated Shi Heng's dictatorship, and all the words could not be easily let go. Zhu Qizhen ordered Shi Heng to go to prison, was punished for treason and confiscated his family property. In February, Shi Heng died in prison and Shi Biao and Shi Hou were beheaded. [ 10]

2 Historical Assessment Editor

Ming History: Yang Hong and Shi Heng, who have been troubled for many times, fought bravely for their minions' strength, and the world coupons after the wind opened a door, and the rewards were too generous. Hong Zhisheng is full of fear, while Xie Heng is cold and arrogant, so his red family is appropriate. Zhu is not as good as it is, and there is no queen, but if a modest son is always there, he will be promoted to the public, and his descendants can't be abolished. Sun Boring had the same strategy as Fan Guangshan, but he was unjustly killed. What a world of difference between a lucky encounter and an unfortunate encounter! [ 1 1]

Cai Dongfan: Shi Hengxi offered a reward. Combined with Xu Youzhen and others, this is a restoration plan. He is lucky to take risks, but his success is unknown. [ 12