2 source "southern Yunnan materia medica"
3 Pinyin names Lin ɡ zh and c m: o
Lingzhicao is also known as Sanxiu (Songs of Chu), Yin and Zhi (Erya).
The source is Ganoderma lucidum of Polyporaceae or the whole grass of Ganoderma lucidum. Take it in autumn.
6 prototype ① Zizhi (Classic), also known as Mu Zhi (Classic).
The cap is corky, stipitate, semicircular to kidney-shaped, rarely suborbicular, 20 cm high and 20 cm wide; Lateral length of stem; The cap handle and handle have black skin and luster, and the surface has annular ribs and radial wrinkles; Fungal pulp rust brown; The bacteria tube is hard and the color is the same as that of the bacteria meat; The nozzles are round, and the color is similar to that of the bacteria tube, with 5 nozzles per millimeter; The spores are brown and oval with obvious warts on the inner wall.
Born next to a rotten stake. Distributed in Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Hunan, Guangxi, Fujian, Guangdong and other places.
② Ganoderma lucidum
The shape is similar to that of the former species, except that the shell of the mushroom cap is yellow to reddish brown, the stalk is purple brown, the meat is nearly white to light brown, and the mouth of the mushroom is white in the early stage and brown in the later stage.
Born beside the stumps of oak trees and other broad-leaved trees. Distributed in Hebei, Shandong, Shanxi, Sichuan, Anhui, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Guizhou, Yunnan, Guangxi, Fujian, Guangdong and other places.
The chemical composition of Ganoderma lucidum contains ergosterol, organic acids (cis-ricinoleic acid, fumaric acid, etc. ), glucosamine, polysaccharide, resin, mannitol, etc. Ganoderma lucidum contains ergosterol, resin, fatty acid, mannitol and polysaccharide; It also contains alkaloids, lactones, coumarin, water-soluble protein and various enzymes.
8 pharmacological action ① the effect on the central nervous system
Qiqi tincture and percolate were injected intraperitoneally into mice at constant temperature for 5 or 10g crude drug /kg, which had inhibitory effects on the central nervous system, such as decreased activity, slight muscle relaxation and prolonged sleeping time of cyclohexylbarbital. Tincture can resist electric shock. Isothermal leachate can not resist the convulsion caused by pentylenetetrazol and strychnine, but it has obvious analgesic effect (hot plate method in mice) Tincture has mild muscle relaxation in mice, rats and guinea pigs, but it does not block the transmission of neuromuscular impulses, so it may be caused by central inhibition.
② Influence on circulatory system
After intraperitoneal injection of 6 g/kg ganoderma lucidum leachate in anesthetized rabbits, blood pressure decreased slowly, and1~ 2 hours still did not recover. After intravenous injection of 3 g/kg, blood pressure decreased sharply, but increased rapidly, and then decreased slowly. After intravenous injection of 1.0 ~ 1.7 g/kg in anesthetized dogs, the blood pressure dropped sharply, and then quickly rose above the original level, showing a biphasic effect of first falling and then rising, and the urine volume increased obviously. There is no obvious effect on breathing. For isolated toad heart, Chizhi tincture can significantly increase the contraction amplitude and cardiac output; For the rabbit heart in vivo, intraperitoneal injection of 3 g/kg can also enhance the cardiac contractility. However, Ganoderma lucidum percolate has inhibitory effect on toad heart in vitro or rabbit heart in vivo, and intravenous injection 1 g/kg has no obvious effect on rabbit ECG.
② Effect on respiratory system
Mice injected with Ganoderma lucidum 1.5g/kg water extract, alcohol extract or constant temperature percolate have antitussive effect (ammonia water spray cough method). It also has obvious expectorant effect (mouse phenol red method). The above three extracts (5g/kg intraperitoneal injection) have no obvious antiasthmatic effect. Oral or intraperitoneal injection of Chizhi Tincture (5g/kg) every day for 7 days still has no antiasthmatic effect. It is also reported that Ganoderma lucidum (unknown species) compound can promote the repair of tracheal mucosa epithelium in experimental chronic bronchitis rats. Rats with bilateral adrenalectomy were given Ganoderma lucidum preparation (2 ml per day for 4 weeks), and the atrophy of tracheal mucosa epithelium was more obvious than that of the control group. No repair phenomenon was found.
④ Protecting the liver.
Oral administration of Chizhi Tincture 10g/kg to mice for 8 days can alleviate toxic hepatitis caused by carbon tetrachloride, and its detoxification effect on thiopental sodium is better than that of the control group. Taking 14 days can improve the hypoxia tolerance of mice, but it can't improve their cold tolerance. Rats and mice were given ganoderma lucidum leachate at constant temperature for 7 ~ 14 days, and no adrenocortical hormone, sex hormone or anabolic steroid-like effects were found. It will not inhibit the fertility of male mice. It has no effect on oxygen consumption of liver, kidney and gonad in rats, but it has an exciting effect on rabbit intestine in vitro and in vivo. When the concentration of Ganoderma lucidum water extract in the test tube is 0. 1.25 ~ 0.5g/ml, it has certain inhibitory effect on pneumococcus, Streptococcus A, Staphylococcus albus and influenza, and the ethanol or acetone extract of Ganoderma lucidum has certain inhibitory effect on Escherichia coli, Proteus, Shigella and Pseudomonas aeruginosa in the test tube.
9 sexual taste is sweet and flat.
1 classic: "sweet and warm."
② Don't record: "Non-toxic."
③ Theory of medicinal properties: "Sweet, flat and non-toxic."
10 function is mainly used to treat fatigue, cough, asthma, insomnia and dyspepsia.
(1) Classic: "Leading deafness, benefiting joints, protecting spirit, benefiting essence, strengthening bones and muscles, and looking good."
② Tao Hongjing: "Treat hemorrhoids."
③ Outline: Treating Deficiency
④ Illustration of Chinese Medicinal Plants: "Treating neurasthenia, insomnia, dyspepsia and other chronic diseases."
⑤ Ganoderma lucidum: "Treating cough and asthma caused by chronic bronchitis in the elderly."
1 1 Administration and dosage of oral ganoderma lucidum: grinding into powder, 0.5 ~ 1 RMB; Or a diving suit.
12 note 1 herbal note: "Potatoes are prepared. Get fat. Evil Mount Heng. " Afraid of indigo naturalis and wormwood. "
② Drug pair: "Getting hemp seed, white melon seeds and sweet-scented osmanthus is very beneficial to people."
13 prescription for treating chronic gastropathy: five parts of ganoderma lucidum, chopped and soaked in old wine. (Records of Medicinal Plants in Hangzhou)
Clinical application of 14 Ganoderma lucidum ① Treatment of chronic bronchitis.
Ganoderma lucidum liquid: the fermentation liquid of Pleurotus ostreatus (a kind of Ganoderma lucidum). Take it twice a day, 25 ~ 50ml each time. The course of treatment is 65438 0 ~ 3 months. 288 cases were treated, 26 cases were recently controlled (65438 02.5%), 79 cases were markedly effective (35.2%) and 95 cases were improved (40.5%). Ganoderma lucidum tincture: 20% concentration. Three times a day, each time 10 ml (although equivalent to 6 grams of crude drugs per day). The course of treatment was 65438 0 months. After treatment 12 1 case, 9 cases (7.4%) were recently controlled, 32 cases (26.4%) were markedly effective, and 46 cases (38. 1%) were improved. Sanlingzhi tablet: take 1 tablet, three times a day (the content is equivalent to 0.5g of crude drug). At the same time, the daily dosage of compound tablet is equivalent to 65,438 0 taels of Herba Violae, 65,438 0 taels of Platycladus orientalis and 3 taenias. The course of treatment was 65438 0 months. Treatment 138 cases, short-term control in 5 cases (3.6%), remarkable effect in 34 cases (24.7%), and improvement in 7 cases1case (5 cases1.4%). Practice has proved that the curative effect of three preparations on asthma is better than that of simple preparations. It is effective for cough, asthma and phlegm. Generally, about 2 weeks after taking the medicine, the chest feels comfortable and the cough and asthma are relieved. Most patients have increased appetite, improved sleep and enhanced physical strength after taking the medicine, which shows the effect of "strengthening the body resistance and consolidating the constitution" to some extent. The long-term curative effect is also good.
② Treatment of bronchial asthma
Ganoderma lucidum injection 1 ~ 2ml (each ml contains crude drug 0.5 ~ 1g) is injected intramuscularly every day for about 1 month. 27 cases were treated, 9 cases were markedly effective (no cough, no asthma attack, complete disappearance of consciousness symptoms, recumbent, no dry or wet rales in the lungs), 65,438+04 cases were effective (no obvious signs) and 4 cases were ineffective. On this basis, Ganoderma lucidum injection (65438+2ml 0 times/day) was injected alternately at bilateral acupoints such as Dingchuan, Fenglong and Kongzui, and 10 day was a course of treatment. Treatment 14 cases (mostly adults), 4 cases were markedly effective, 5 cases were effective and 5 cases were ineffective.
③ Treatment of leukopenia.
52 cases of leukopenia caused by various reasons (including chemical factors, physical factors, drugs, chronic diseases, etc.). ) treated with cultured ganoderma lucidum. Results The total number of white blood cells increased by more than 2000 /m3, with 1 1 case, and progress was made (the total number of white blood cells increased 1000 ~ 2000). The recent effective rate was 84.6%, and the average number of white blood cells increased 1026. Take 4 capsules three times a day; Take it after meals. 10 ~ 20 days is a course of treatment. Side effects: a few patients have dry mouth, dreaminess and stomach discomfort after taking the medicine for 3 ~ 5 days, which can disappear without treatment.
④ Treating coronary heart disease
92 patients with coronary heart disease and suspected coronary heart disease were observed with Ganoderma lucidum syrup. The results showed that the remission rate of angina pectoris and precordial depression was 765,438 0.69%, and the improvement rate of symptoms such as heart fatigue, heartbeat and shortness of breath was 64.57%. More than half of the patients reported that their appetite and sleep had improved and their mental state was good. According to preliminary observation, this product has no antihypertensive effect on hypertension, but it seems to have a certain auxiliary effect on antihypertensive drugs. It is basically ineffective for arrhythmia. It has little effect on ECG changes. The effect of lowering blood cholesterol is not ideal. But it has a good effect on reducing blood triglyceride, reducing 37 cases and only increasing 10 cases. It shows that it has a good curative effect on type ⅳ hyperlipidemia. There are generally no side effects. Only a few patients have dizziness, insomnia, facial flushing, stomach upset, nausea, loss of appetite, dry mouth, diarrhea, headache, palpitation and other symptoms. All of them are mild, with short duration and can be cured without treatment. Usage: Take orally Ganoderma lucidum syrup prepared by Sichuan Institute of Antibiotic Industry, twice a day, 6 ml each time.
Ganoderma lucidum syrup was also used to treat coronary heart disease and hyperlipidemia 15 cases. Results Except for 1, cholesterol and β-lipoprotein decreased obviously: after treatment 12 weeks, cholesterol was lower than 200 mg% in 6 cases, the decreasing rate was higher than 100 mg% in 4 cases and higher than 50 mg% in 14 cases. Most of the clinical symptoms were appetite improvement, sleep improvement, angina pectoris improvement in 2 cases, no obvious change in blood pressure and no obvious dynamic change in ECG. 9 cases were followed up for 65438 0 months after drug withdrawal. The results showed that only 3 cases of cholesterol and β lipoprotein increased again, and the other 6 cases remained normal. Preparation and use: use the culture fermentation broth of Ganoderma lucidum, Ganoderma lucidum, Pleurotus ostreatus, etc. (pH value is about 4 ~ 5). And separating bacteria from the filtrate by centrifugation; Evaporating the filtrate with a thin film or concentrating under reduced pressure to the concentration of1/5 ~110, and making syrup. Take 20ml twice a day after meals. The shortest taking time is 10 week, the longest is 14 week, and the average is 12 week.
Another 39 cases of angina pectoris were observed to be treated with 20% Ganoderma lucidum tincture, 65438±00ml each time, three times a day. After continuous treatment for more than half a year, the results showed that 17 cases were markedly effective, 18 cases were improved, and 4 cases were ineffective. Patients with mild illness have higher curative effect. Among 32 cases of abnormal electrocardiogram, 6 cases were markedly effective, 3 cases were improved1case, no change1case, and 2 cases were deteriorated. Effective patients are found in cases with STT changes. The total cholesterol in serum was 3 1 case, and most of them decreased, of which 23 cases decreased by more than 20 mg%; 1 case, with an increase of > 20mg %；; 7 cases were less than 20 mg%. In 30 cases, most of β -lipoprotein decreased, of which 22 cases decreased by more than 50 mg%. 6 cases increased by more than 50 mg%; 2 cases were less than 50 mg%. During the observation period, the drug was stopped for 2 ~ 3 weeks, during which some cases had repeated illness and aggravated symptoms; Individual cases stopped taking drugs automatically after angina pectoris stopped recurring after primary treatment, and the condition fluctuated after stopping taking drugs. Therefore, it is considered that long-term treatment is needed to consolidate the curative effect.
⑤ Treat arrhythmia.
In the process of treating coronary heart disease with Ganoderma lucidum, it was found that coronary heart disease improved and the accompanying arrhythmia also improved and disappeared. 53 cases of arrhythmia (including atrial, nodal and ventricular premature beats, supraventricular paroxysmal tachycardia, paroxysmal and chronic atrial fibrillation, chronic atrial flutter, first and second degree atrioventricular block and disturbed atrioventricular separation) were treated with Ganoderma lucidum injection. Results 20 cases of arrhythmia completely disappeared and improved (arrhythmia changed from frequent to frequent or accidental, or from multiple to accidental), and 666,666 cases were effective. Because arrhythmia was controlled, their conscious palpitation, shortness of breath, stuffy feet and dizziness also improved or disappeared. More than half of the cases improved their sleep and increased their appetite after taking the medicine. According to the types of ECG arrhythmia, it has a certain effect on atrial and ventricular premature beats, especially for paroxysmal arrhythmia, which can take effect in a few minutes after taking the medicine, and often takes effect within 3 ~ 5 days for cases with long course of disease. 4 cases of chronic atrial sex were quite ineffective. Three cases of arrhythmia caused by digitalis poisoning were corrected in a short time after treatment. The combination of Ganoderma lucidum and other antiarrhythmic drugs has a certain synergistic effect. Preparation and usage: 20% or 50% of the injection is made of artificially cultured Ganoderma lucidum, and the dosage depends on the condition. Generally, recent arrhythmia is treated with a large dose of 1 and intramuscular injection of 20% or 50% Ganoderma lucidum injection 5 ~ 10 ml. For patients with long-term illness, 50% Ganoderma lucidum injection (3 ~ 5 ml) was injected intramuscularly twice a day for 7 days 1 course of treatment. There were no other special adverse reactions except 1 case of bronchial asthma and 2 cases of transient urticaria.
⑥ Treating acute infectious hepatitis.
The cultured ganoderma lucidum mycelium is made into decoction for oral administration, 50 ml each time, twice a day. 2 1 case (including jaundice type 17 cases), clinical cure 18 cases (main symptoms and signs disappeared within 45 days, liver function returned to normal), improvement 1 case (symptoms improved, liver function values decreased by more than half within 45 days, or liver function completely returned to normal after 45 days). Compared with the traditional "liver-protecting" drug treatment group, the curative effect is obviously better. It was observed that most of the main symptoms disappeared within 10 day, hepatosplenomegaly disappeared around 25 days, alanine aminotransferase mostly returned to normal after 45 days (but the effect occurred slowly), and jaundice index returned to normal in 18.7 days on average. It is preliminarily considered that Ganoderma lucidum may treat hepatitis by enhancing the body's disease resistance. And has that function of promote liver cell repair. Preparation of medicine: mix oak sawdust and bran according to the weight of 3:1to make culture medium and plant Ganoderma lucidum; After the fruiting body matures, the culture medium containing mycelium is made into decoction with the volume of 100% for later use.
15 note According to the classics, there are six kinds of Ganoderma lucidum, Ganoderma lucidum, Ganoderma lucidum and Ganoderma lucidum, but according to modern literature and specimens, most of the original plants are the first two.
16 from * dictionary
Prescription with Ganoderma porridge Pinyin: nu ò m ǐ lí ngzh, zh 33u Prescription: 50 grams of glutinous rice and Ganoderma lucidum each, 60 grams of sugar 30 restraint methods: glutinous rice and wheat. ...
Xueha Ganoderma lucidum wine WS3B26 1 197 Formula: Oviductus Ranae 2500g Ganoderma lucidum 5000g Dog kidney 2500g Preparation method: The above three ingredients should be taken by Ganoderma lucidum. ...
Gji standard compound Ganoderma lucidum granules: WS3B034 190 Formula: Ganoderma lucidum 240g Bupleurum chinense 100g Schisandra chinensis 100g Yujin 100g. ...
Desperate general jun1y οοοοοοοοοοοοοοοοοοοοοοοοοοο: Seven snow-capped mountains (17 kareny Indications: After superficial solution of furuncle. Usage and dosage: dry in the shade and decoct in water. ...
For example, under the sacred Huang Zhe pill. How to make it: The batter is meatballs, the size of a buttonwood tree. Note: Huang Zhe, a native of Zheshu, is yellow in color and looks like Ganoderma lucidum, which is more common in the south of the Yangtze River than in the north. ...
The prescription of ganoderma lucidum is used more.
Chinese patent medicine Xueha Ganoderma lucidum wine WS3B26 1 197 is made of Ganoderma lucidum. Prescription: 2500 grams of Oviductus Ranae, 5000 grams of Ganoderma lucidum and 2500 grams of dog kidney. Preparation method: The above three ingredients are suitable for Ganoderma lucidum. ...
Gji standard compound Ganoderma lucidum granules: WS3B034 190 Formula: Ganoderma lucidum 240g Bupleurum chinense 100g Schisandra chinensis 100g Yujin 100g. ...
The standard number of Bozhi tablets is WS3B226496. This product is Ganoderma lucidum (LL ...
Baihua ointment comprises Hedyotis diffusa, Herba Violae, Herba Euphorbiae Humifusae, Polygonum hydropiper, Bulbus Lilii, Folium Menthae, Ganoderma lucidum, Herba Houttuyniae, Folium Bambusae, Nandina domestica, and Fructus Lycii. ...
Ian Pearl Lingzhi Tablet standard number: WS3B 197595 Formula: Ganoderma lucidum extract 50g Ligustrum lucidum 50g Yujin 100g Rhizoma Cyperi 100g ink. ...
There are many Chinese patent medicines using Ganoderma lucidum.
Ganoderma lucidum in the ancient book "Herbal Medicine in South Yunnan": [Volume 3] Ganoderma lucidum, Ganoderma lucidum (attached), growing in the mountains, divided into five colors. custom ...
"Feng's Secret": [Medicinal indications for miscellaneous acne rash] Ganoderma lucidum, Ganoderma lucidum, six colors and five elements. Qingzhi should especially make up wood, liver qi and benevolence, and be strong and clear. Chizhi should respond to fire, nourish the heart and increase wisdom. ...
Clear the tight encirclement: roll Silian, Myrica rubra, Xanthium sibiricum, Herba Euphorbiae Humifusae, Herba Schizonepetae, Folium Menthae Dementholatum, Ganoderma lucidum, Herba Houttuyniae, Folium Eriobotryae, Fructus Lycii, Pericarpium Citri Tangerinae and Folium Aurantii. ...
"Liu Zhu Mi Yu": [Volume 16] The five elements should be disciplined, that is, the old stars are bright and blue, and the caterpillars are transformed, that is, the exotic animals are different from auspicious real estate, the ganoderma lucidum forest is different, the famous grass is the same, the eastern morality is not killed, and the air is comfortable. ...
The secret recipe of the fairy to save the world: [Volume 2] Poems of the Golden Maiden's Mother at the altar