The English full name of GPA is grade point average, which means average score. The perfect GPA in the United States is 4, that is, A=4, B=3, C=2, D = 1. The accuracy of GPA often reaches 1 to 2 digits after the decimal point, such as 3.0 and 3.45. The calculation of GPA is generally that the credits of each course are multiplied by the class hours, and then divided by the total class hours to get the average score. Generally speaking, a score of 90 or above can be regarded as 4, a score of 80 or above is 3, a score of 70 or above is 2, a score of 60 or above is 1 minute, 5 is 4, 4 is 3, 3 is 2 and 2 is 65433. There are no class hours on the transcripts of many universities in China, so GPA can only be estimated, and the scores of all courses can be divided by the number of courses. Generally, American universities require a GPA of 3.0 or above for scholarship applicants.
GPA common sense
GPA is a headache for many people. Personally, I converted, but in the end it seemed that there was something wrong with the conversion, but no school bothered me. Several of my friends sent the report card directly, without conversion. From a polite point of view, I suggest you change it.
I hope that people with GPA problems will understand my words well! ! !
Let me give you a brief introduction. However, I have read other articles on the Internet saying that the PGA standards in Britain are different.
The English full name of GPA is grade point average, which means average grade point average. Most universities in the United States have minimum requirements for applicants' GPA, and those who fail to meet the minimum requirements will not be considered.
GPA is generally calculated on a 4-point scale, and the conversion method is shown in the following table:
Percentage score, grade, score
90- 100 A 4
80-89 B 3
70 to 79 degrees Celsius 2
60-69 D 1
E 0 is lower than 60
The standard calculation method of GPA is to multiply the weighted average of college grades by 4 and then divide it by 100. The more common method is to multiply the scores of all subjects by the sum of studies and then divide them by the total credits.
For example, students' credits and grades in five courses are:
Four credits for a course, 92 points (a);
Three credits for Course B, 80 points (b);
Two credits for Course C, 98 points (a);
Six credits in course D, 70 points (c);
E course has three credits, with 89 points (b).
The GPA of the above five results is:
The standard algorithm GPA = [(92 * 4+80 * 3+98 * 2+70 * 6+89 * 3) * 4]/[(4+3+2+6+3) *100] = 3.31.
Common algorithm GPA = (4 * 4+3 * 3+2 * 4+6 * 2+3 * 3)/(4+3+2+6+3) = 3.00.
In practice, American universities often use the total GPA and the average GPA in the last two years. The overall GPA is the scores of all learning subjects calculated by the above method, and the GPA of the last two years is the scores of all learning subjects calculated by the above method.
In the United States, 90% of schools adopt a 4-point system (4.00-point system), and only 1% schools will adopt a 5-point system, that is, 5 points for A-level, 4 points for B-level, 3 points for C-level, 2 points for D-level, and F-level 1 point, so the minimum admission standards of these schools have been improved accordingly. When applying, China students should provide their grades according to the GPA system adopted by the original school, and indicate which GPA system is adopted.
The scores of most schools in China are quite strict, which is very unfavorable to students in China. Many students with excellent actual grades are not 3.0 after converting their grades into GPA. In some universities, the total average score of the top five students in the class may be below 82, so when applying for American universities, the GPA will be below 3.0, and you can only enter some third-and fourth-rate schools. In order to eliminate this disadvantage, two methods can be adopted: one is to explain in the report card or recommendation letter and reading plan that this GPA is actually caused by strict grading standards; Second, when providing transcripts, list the ranking and percentage of such achievements in the whole class or department.
The algorithm of American university transcripts and GPA
American universities use GPA, the abbreviation of average grade point (GPA), when evaluating students' grades. GPA is very important when applying for a school. Many universities have minimum GPA requirements, except English proficiency test. GPA is calculated by multiplying the scores of all subjects by the credits and then dividing by the total credits.
The scores of American students in all subjects are calculated by A.B.C.D
Grade score and score conversion are as follows:
Performance of fractional grade points
9 1- 100 A 4.0 is excellent.
8 1-90 B 3.0 is preferred.
7 1-80℃ 2.0 average
6 1-70 D 1.0 difference
5 1-60 E 0 failed.
Usually you can get more than c in undergraduate course. But graduate students must get at least a B.
When applying for admission, many schools have GPA regulations. The calculation method of GPA is:
1, each subject multiplied by the grade point. For example, calculus is a four-credit course, a (that is, 4 points), calculus can get 16 points.
2. If you take four courses in one semester, you will get 3 credits for English (4 points), 3 credits for history (2 points), 3 credits for physics (3 points), plus calculus.
GPA is 16+4×3+3×2+3×3=43, divided by 13=3.3 1. This student's GPA is slightly better than B.
At the same time, you can sign up for some exams that are essential for studying in the United States. There are no national exams in the United States, and most schools use some standardized exams to evaluate students' ability. The most common tests are as follows:
1, TOEFL (English as a foreign language test) TOEFL is an English test for foreign students whose English is not their mother tongue, which consists of listening, reading and writing. American universities require foreign students to take the TOEFL test and prove that they have a good English level before taking classes. Most of them require more than 500 points, and some are more stringent, requiring 550 points or even 600 points. However, some schools can be a little more flexible and are willing to allow students to enter the school conditionally. First enter the school to learn English, and then take the undergraduate course. If you have already taken the TOEFL test, it usually takes six weeks to ask the test center to send the report card to the applied university.
The scoring method of TOEFL test is that the first and second parts are from 20 to 68, and the third part is from 20 to 67. The TOEFL total score can start from 200, with a full score of 677. The total score is calculated by adding three parts, multiplying by 10 and then dividing by 3. Example: section1section 2section 3sum46+54+50 =150 (150x10) ÷ 3 = 500, with a TOEFL score of 500. ETS is valid for two years.
Besides TOEFL, there are other tests to test English ability. For example, TWE (written English test) and TSE (spoken English test) are two kinds of tests.
If you are determined to study in the United States, you must have the basic ability of listening, speaking, writing and reading English. Besides taking the TOEFL, you should also strengthen your daily English. You can cultivate your ability by listening to English radio, watching TV and reading English newspapers and magazines.
2.GRE (Postgraduate Entrance Examination) Most university research institutes require students to take the GRE. There are two types of GRE, one is the sexual orientation examination, and the other is the subject examination. Generally speaking, most of the requirements are sexual orientation tests, the purpose of which is to understand students' intelligence, mathematics and analytical ability. A few research institutes require GRE in disciplines such as biochemistry, biology, chemistry, economics, engineering and psychology. To evaluate your undergraduate knowledge. If your grades in school are not satisfactory, you will get a good GRE test, which will be helpful for applying for graduate students. The average standard of general GRE scores is about 1580. The full score of three items is 2400.
3.GMAT (Graduate Management Entrance Examination) People who plan to study for MBA (Master of Business Administration) or Master of Public Administration usually take GMAT instead of GRE. Most business schools require GMAT580 scores above 580.
The GMAT test is divided into nine groups, each group has seven multiple-choice questions, each group has 25 minutes, and the other two groups write for 30 minutes. The whole exam takes 4 hours. The GMAT exam is held four times a year.
4. LSAT (Law School Entrance Examination)
Students applying for admission to American law schools need to take the LSAT exam, which consists of five groups of 35-minute multiple-choice questions, and the four groups with the best scores are the candidates' scores. At the end of the exam, there will be 30 minutes of sample writing, which is not counted as a score, but when you apply for a school, this sample writing will be sent to the school you apply for. Examination results are related to admission opportunities. The bigger the law school is, the more attention is paid to LSAT and academic performance. The LSAT scores in the United States range from 120 to 180, and the national average score is about 15 1. Well-known law schools often require a score of 163 or above.
5.MCAT (Medical College Entrance Examination) is a necessary examination for applying for medicine. According to the examination results, the admission team decides whether the applicant proves that he is interested in medicine and whether it is convincing. The examination content includes natural science, social science and humanities in the university curriculum. Focus on the concepts of biology, chemistry and physics, and test the methods of solving scientific problems, subtle ways of thinking and writing ability. MCAT holds exams twice a year, usually on Sundays.
6.SAT (Academic Assessment Examination) and ACT (American College Examination) American high school students must take the SAT to prove their Chinese and math abilities. 800 out of two. A good university usually requires a total score of 1 100.
Some universities in the midwest require high school students to take the ACT exam after graduation. Some use ACT scores to measure whether or not to grant scholarships. If some areas are unable to take the ACT test due to geographical reasons, they can also take the SAT instead. The average score is 20.8, and the score above 30 is excellent.
During the examination, the test center will issue transcripts free of charge. If you are confident in the exam, you can write down the name of the school you intend to apply for. Otherwise, when the results come out, write to the test center to send them, but there will be some fees.
Besides tuition and fees, we should also consider accommodation, books, clothes and shoes, medical insurance, telephone charges and entertainment expenses. If you plan to travel in winter and summer vacation, you should also have this part of the budget. Generally speaking, students need to provide financial proof of annual expenditure for at least one year. If the financial ability is insufficient, you can prepare as soon as possible, because you need it when applying for a school and a visa.
Financial vouchers can include the following economic sources:
1. Personal/family deposit: bank account certificate, account opening date, deposit of last year, current deposit or guarantor's signature certificate. Proof of financial resources comes from family, and documents should be prepared to explain the relationship between bank depositors and individuals.
2. Real estate certificate: real estate certificate or other industrial certificate.
3. Scholarship: It is best to have a scholarship and a confirmation letter from the scholarship institution.
4. Scholarship: The name of the student, the amount and duration of the scholarship are listed in the data.