It is said that in the early 1980s, few people in China owned televisions. At that time, the most popular entertainment in the East was listening to the radio. At that time, Liu Lanfang's long ballad "The Story of Yue Fei" has become the common cultural memory of many listeners over thirty or forty years old in China. At that time, broadcasting storytelling for half an hour at noon every day became the greatest expectation of thousands of people, and many people were worried about Yue Fei's fate all day. Just a biography of Yue Fei made Liu Lanfang a famous storyteller at that time.
She once said to herself that this biography of Yue Fei also took advantage of the weather, location and people. Because there were few programs on the literary stage at that time, once the biography of Yue Fei was broadcast, it should be said that it caused a sensation throughout the country. As for her, she borrowed the light and touched it. More than forty years ago, the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee was held in Beijing on197865438+February 18. The history of China has turned a new page, and the political atmosphere in China has quietly changed like a spring breeze blowing overnight. At the beginning of 1979, Liaoning Anshan People's Broadcasting Station prepared to resume the traditional storytelling column that had been suspended for ten years. One day, the radio leader found Liu Lanfang, an actor of Anshan Quyi Troupe at that time, and said that we could try a traditional book. This new book is quite good. She mentioned it. What are you talking about? There is an old head of Quyi Troupe named Shi Zhifu, who used to be a librarian. All the books in the library are piled together. Those who didn't burn were survivors. He found a copy of Yue Biography written by Qian Cai among the ruins. Here is an original money lottery. Are you still useful? She brought it with her. She told the radio station that we said the biography of Yue Fei because Liu Lanfang said the biography of Yue Fei when he was a child.
The Biography of Yue Fei was originally named "Zhong Jing said Yue". Liu Lanfang chose this voluminous book not only because of its wide spread and great influence, but also because it is related to her own growing experience. Northeasters have the habit of listening to books since ancient times. The so-called talking about big books in Northeast China is generally divided into two forms. One is talking and singing, which is called drum writing, and the other is talking and not singing. Liu Lanfang was born in Liaoyang to a drummer family in Northeast China. When she was three or four years old, she learned a lot under the influence of her mother. When she was in middle school, Liu Lanfang formally learned to sing drums from a teacher. At the age of 65,438+05, she learned to sing drums through Anshan Quyi Troupe. Less than a year as an apprentice, Liu Lanfang absently stepped onto the stage.
Teachers sometimes catch a cold, have a toothache and have a bad voice. If they want to be free, the audience will disperse. If they are afraid that the audience will disperse, they will send three girls to stare at the venue. One person can't say a game, and three people "stare at the ground" and say "three chivalrous men and five righteous men" to the teacher. I really didn't know what to say at that time, but they will go on stage after eight strokes. When Liu Lanfang first appeared on the stage, she was not as timid as other students, but what disturbed her most was that she had to improvise on the stage for two and a half hours according to the requirements of the performance. It has a fatal point, that is, the book has buttons and structure. This structure should be closed here. Because they can't speak, have no words and are not enough, they finished all the books they said the next day. Say two days a day, sometimes three days a day. Of course it will affect the audience at first. The audience was bored, but what they heard was the smell. When they are staring at their own affairs, such as when she is talking about books, the burden is heavy. Where is the burden? Before I went on stage, I was afraid that there would be no audience, that the audience would run away, that there were not enough books to say, that there were no words on stage, and that I was afraid of everything. I didn't know this when I was young, because I was afraid that I would stand on the stage and say that there would be 100 audience today and 102 audience and three audience tomorrow. A good actor tells a book, even if it is windy and rainy, it won't move and can catch the audience. If you save a seat and don't come the next day, it means there is something wrong with your book, and you can't edit it at that time. If you say that there is half an hour left on the stage, the book will be finished, but the teacher clearly says that a rest must be drawn here, but what if there is still half an hour left? Just edit it on the stage. Finally, you have to rest here, and it's over. Any later, there will be no audience tomorrow. No matter how good you are, you won't come tomorrow. You flew to your room and walked around with a knife in your head. Her neurasthenia was caused at that time. You can't sleep well when you have business.
Whether singing drums or telling stories, Master taught his disciples by word of mouth. The so-called book daozi is the story outline of a book. It is often the master who simply tells the disciples the general idea of the story and lets them play freely according to certain routines on this basis, so it is very important to remember the book Daozi. The first big book that Liu Lanfang came into contact with as an apprentice was "". In other words, what the teacher said above, or you read it to me, is a character's face. In front of him came a man, nine feet tall with a thin waist and shoulders. Look at his face, his face is like a full moon, his eyebrows are divided into eight colors, his ink beads (like stars) are shining, his eyes are straight, his mouth is four words, and his hair is slightly blue under the sea. Wearing a bright silver helmet, Zhu Ying hung upside down, carrying a five-pole flag, walking in Phnom Penh, holding a golden thread, embroidering a dragon, wearing a chain mail with a big leaf lock, a protective mirror, as big as an ice tray, twisted into a ribbon, a phoenix skirt, a double-pleated horse face and tiger-headed combat boots, firmly tied to the pedal, and stepped off a white dragon colt with a bright silver gun in his hand. Here it is. But what the characters look like, that is, sitting face to face. You said that Yue Fei came to the battlefield, and she began to write that Yue Fei was on the battlefield. This sentence, because the teacher spoke quickly, they remembered a few words as calligraphy. This thing is the essence of the book, and I have recited a lot.
Liu Lanfang was only a teenager at that time, and he wrote tens of thousands of words just to record calligraphy. After starting out as a teacher, Zhong Jing said Yue became a must-read book for Liu Lanfang every time he came to power. During the performance, Liu Lanfang constantly supplemented and improved the calligraphy taught by Master, gradually enriching the story of Zhong Jing saying Yue, but she didn't expect that it was this long book, which later became her own famous work. In the northeast, Anshan people are famous for listening to storytelling. In 1950s, there were many large and small teahouses, a dish of melon seeds and a cup of tea in Anshan, which was the local people's favorite way to relax. There are three people and two people in this row of stools, and four people are more. If the small table doesn't order, the water can be drunk. There are small stools in the back. Because this is a workers' area, Anshan City is guarding Angang, and 400,000 employees of Angang have three shifts, so the workers listen to books very much. Despite the bad environment, there are still many readers. At first, Liu Lanfang performed drumming in a teahouse, but gradually, because of the audience's love for storytelling, Liu Lanfang began to try to change from drumming to storytelling. However, although female artists have certain advantages in singing drums, cross talk and storytelling used to be performed mainly by male artists. With so many well-known storytellers, female storytellers are really rare. The audience is used to hearing and seeing a male artist wearing a gown, holding a folding fan and holding a wake-up stick to talk about past and present scenes, and has also developed the habit of appreciation. Therefore, it is not easy for a female storyteller to gain the recognition of the audience and occupy a place in the storytelling line.
This drumming and clapping is very rhythmic and beautiful. It is beautiful for women to clap their drums. The protagonists of storytelling are all male protagonists, such as Yue Fei. In The Biography of Yue Fei, Yue Fei is the protagonist and Niu Hao is the burden point. So Zhu Yuanzhang was in Ming Dynasty and Yang Liulang was in Yang Jiajiang. These are all old students. Women have difficulty in telling stories. She can also beat the drums and sing Yue Fei's biography. She can't speak storytelling, but she thinks she is full of enthusiasm and has a good voice. At least, she said that the voice of the book did not fall, and she was ugly at the end of her life. In voice makeup, she is very comfortable, and her face is still three-sided. This phonetic makeup is better, the speech is clear and the feelings are rich. In the narrative, this book, which describes situations and emotions, is quite right. However, Liu Lanfang, after all, was born as a drummer, had certain stage performance experience, and had a solid rap performance skill of Quyi performers. Her loud and bright voice, solid and mellow articulation and relaxed language rhythm make her stand out from the crowd and stand out quickly. Soon after, Liu Lanfang's storytelling attracted the attention of Anshan Radio Station, and later she broadcasted "Sparkling Red Star" in succession on Anshan Radio Station. In this way, at 1979, when Anshan Radio decided to resume the traditional storytelling program, Liu Lanfang was the first storytelling actor who came to mind. However, when Liu Lanfang took over the task of broadcasting Yue Fei Biography, she realized how big a problem she was facing. There was no text at first, so I recorded it. Once I want to go to the radio station, I can't. You go to the teahouse to tell stories, and the audience stimulates each other's feelings. This is easy to say, there is something to say; Go to the radio station and close the room. You can talk to Mike. The tape over there is like this. It's different now. Such a big tape can hold so many parts. If the rewind is wrong, it will tear a lot. There is no way to slow it down. Recording is just picking and wiping tapes. When no one is sitting there, it is always wrong and there is no way to start writing. Tens of thousands of words written by Liu Lanfang during the study of Zhong Jing's Yue were burned during the Cultural Revolution. At that time, only Qian Cai in Qing Dynasty wrote The Complete Biography of Zhong Jing Saying Yue and The Collection of Historical Materials in Song Dynasty, and The Biography of Yue Fei adapted from Qian Cai's original works can be used as a reference for Liu Lanfang's storytelling. Some characters in poems and songs are different from those of old artists, and they are also based on her memory, just like hers. She said we didn't study together. She said I forgot everything and couldn't say a word. (Liu Lanfang) She said that I don't know, and if I am forced to go to Liangshan, you should say, first, there are many structural problems that are not satisfactory without words, but there is no way, and it was fine at that time.
In the past, Master taught Liu Lanfang to say "Zhong Jing Yue", which began when Shu entered the Central Plains and the soldiers were trapped, and ended in the Northern Expedition. On this basis, referring to relevant historical materials and novels, Liu Lanfang added chapters such as Yue Fei's birth, attacking Qi State and Yangcheng after repeated textual research, and deleted minor plots such as visiting Yunnan's mother, Li Gang's scolding of the temple and He Feng's stealing horses, which were suspected of drifting away from the theme. A storyteller is not afraid of being old, but of being young. He has not enough experience. For example, if you are in your twenties, you can see that there are several storytellers who must be experienced and able to express human feelings. For example, at that time, the biography of Yue Fei she wrote was different from the old one, not next to it, but the audience also listened, so the audience listened, which was her hard work in this life. This is your experience, experience and human feelings.