Guo Zhongshu (? ~ 977), forgive the word first. A famous philologist and painter at the end of the Five Dynasties and the beginning of the Northern Song Dynasty. When I was a teenager, I should be a boy scout and an official around the age of 20. He is a very talented person. During the Han Dynasty and the Five Dynasties, he had a close relationship with our ambassador, and Empress Liu was deposed by Guo Wei. From then on, Guo Zhongshu was disheartened and devoted himself to the study of ancient Chinese characters and calligraphy and painting. Because of his outstanding achievements, he was successively appointed by Guo Wei as Zong Zhengqing and Dr. Shu, and later changed to Dr. Zhou Yi. In 960 AD, a mutiny was launched, and after weeks of deposing, Guo Zhongshu stayed in the palace, and bad luck continued from then on. One day in the early years of Stegosaurus (96 1), Guo Zhongshu was impeached by Guo Bu-si for drinking in the imperial court. Instead, he rebuked Taiwan officials, robbed them of their memorials, and committed the crime of insulting the imperial court. Therefore, I was demoted to join the army in the state. In the meantime, because he was drunk and hit people and engaged in fan di, he left without permission and was demoted. He was punished by cutting books and sending them to Luo, and was placed between Qi, Yong, Shaanxi and Luo. These crimes are more of personality problem's, and it seems that they should not be punished so severely. Looking up the biography of Guo Zhongshu in the Song Dynasty, I realized that his real crime was to express his dissatisfaction with the current family by making comments on current politics after drinking. He should be put to death, and then his death was reduced by a letter, and his staff was sent to the country. An elderly minister was sent to a lonely and barren land and bullied after suffering the pain of flesh and blood. His body was naturally difficult to support, and he died at Qizhi Linyi Road. In order to cover up this bloody case, contemporary historians beautify Guo's death as "autopsy" and "immortality".

Guo Zhongshu in Song Dynasty Huang Ming Summer Palace

Guo Zhongshu is good at painting houses, wood, bamboo and stones, and combines the exquisiteness of the painter with the elegance and boldness of the painter. Only one of his works has been handed down, that is, a trip to Xue Jihe, which is now in the National Palace Museum in Taipei. There are only two big ships in the picture, with sampans attached to them. The mast rope on the ship is tight and moving, and the doors, windows, masts, nails and bamboo are all detailed. The lines are straight, probably drawn with the help of a ruler or something. The characters on the boat froze with their hands together, and the sailors on the side of the boat were working with poles, with vivid gestures. The canopy and cargo are covered with snow, and it is freezing after snow. Originally, as a big scroll, it has been fragmented. The poem of Emperor Qianlong in the picture confirms this point: "When was the big scroll fragmented? No one took the rope to the shore." The picture itself is incomplete, so you can see it clearly. At the top left of the picture is the inscription of Song Huizong's thin gold book: "Guo Zhongshu Xue Jihe's original work." According to "History of Painting", what Guo painted was architecture, which was rebuilt without loss. People use bricks and wood to build according to drawings, which is necessary for some time. Unfortunately, there is only one work that has been circulated. In addition, there are three volumes of ancient philology "Pei Yun" handed down from generation to generation.