1979-03- 15 people's daily column: letter.
"Three-level ownership, team-oriented" should be stable.
Editor's Note: We recommend this letter from Comrade Zhang Hao to readers, especially rural cadres and party member. I hope everyone will read, think and discuss carefully. At present, China has entered the busy season of spring ploughing and sowing from south to north. Under the premise of stabilizing the "three-level ownership and team-based system", we should conscientiously implement the principle of distribution according to each according to his ability, do a good job in labor remuneration, fully mobilize the enthusiasm of members and the masses, and complete all tasks of spring ploughing production on time and with high quality.
In order to carry out the principle of distribution according to work and do a good job of labor remuneration, we can record work points according to the quota, record work points on time and add comments, or contract workers to the operation group under the premise of unified accounting, unified distribution and unified use of labor force by the production team, calculate remuneration according to output, and implement the reward of over-production. The term "contract management" here mainly refers to field management, which is a way of labor remuneration that adheres to "three-level ownership and team-oriented", which can make cadres and members care about production results from material interests and help overcome egalitarianism. However, this is completely different from "grouping by field" and "grouping by fixed production". People's communes should continue to implement the system of "three-level ownership and team-based" steadily, and don't rush to make the transition of basic accounting units when conditions are not met; It is even more impossible to retreat from the "team capital" and engage in "dividing fields and grouping" and "fixing production and grouping". We think that Comrade Zhang Hao's opinion is correct.
Where "dividing fields into groups" and "fixing production quotas to households" appear, we should conscientiously study the "the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China Decision on Accelerating Agricultural Development (Draft)" adopted in principle by the Third Plenary Session, correctly implement the Party's policies, and resolutely correct wrong practices. The experience of Nanwaizi Commune in Jilin Province shows that as long as the masses really understand the spirit of the Central Committee, they will not agree to take the operation group as the accounting unit. As for the method of labor remuneration, we should proceed from reality, listen to the opinions of the masses and respect the autonomy of the production team.
On a recent business trip to Henan, I saw and heard some information about "contracting production to the group" in Luoyang. Introduction is as follows:
According to the relevant brigade, production team cadres and members of the masses, many county cooperatives in Luoyang have, are or will engage in "fixing production quotas to households" (we also see that a team is planning to form an important group). That is to say, the production team is divided into several groups, each group has 40 to 45 people, and each household has 6 to 7 people, about 6 to 8 households as a group. Then the means of production, that is, land, farm tools and large livestock, are divided into groups, including seeds and production. Some commune teams have also used up the grain of the production team. They say this is the first step, and the next step is to divide the land into households to ensure the production of each household. It is said that there is a place to hold a live meeting and advocate "fixing production quotas to households". After the meeting, the county community urged it very hard and ordered it to be divided quickly, saying that this was an important measure to mobilize the enthusiasm of members. I went to a brigade, a dozen production teams, and all but a few teams were unwilling.
Cadres and the masses are skeptical about this practice. They call this group a "support group". They know that I work in the province of Gansu, and I think I may know it clearly. They are very concerned and ask me: Is "dividing fields into groups to ensure production to groups" the "new spirit" of the CPC Central Committee? Has the "superior" notified? Does Gansu province do this? Is this the case all over Henan Province? Wait a minute.
I didn't see or hear the spirit or documents of the CPC Central Committee, so I told the truth and said that Gansu Province didn't do it. They are very satisfied. Some even said, "I just don't think the Central Committee will issue such a document. It must be our local method. "
I think rural cadres and the masses are very concerned about this matter and are interested in listening to their opinions. I asked two cadres of the brigade (a deputy secretary of the branch and a member of the branch), two cadres of the production team (a captain and a storekeeper) and members of different backgrounds. The cadres of the two brigades said: "At this stage, the people's commune has had a system of" three-level ownership and team-oriented "for 20 years. Practice has proved that this is in line with the actual situation in rural areas and the masses are used to it. Grouping fields and contracting production will definitely weaken and shake the team. " They couldn't understand why the "boss" did it. They also said: "When the commune was first established, it was wrong to eat the same pot and have two tones at one level, which was very fast." Later, the production team was implemented as the basic accounting unit, which was actually in the form of people's commune and the content of advanced society. Quitting the group is wrong again. "
Two production team cadres are worried that the production team can not implement effective management, production planning and labor deployment, cash and physical distribution, and may also bring confusion. They said, "The output of this group is 500, and that group is 400. The value of this group is one yuan, and that group is fifty cents. It certainly cannot be evenly distributed. Isn't every group an accounting unit? " We don't like to mobilize enthusiasm in this way! "The members of the poor lower middle peasants said bluntly," How can agricultural mechanization and modernization be achieved by dividing fields and grouping in this way? " A well-to-do middle peasant in his sixties said, "This may work, but the tractor can't." "Tractors are also personal. A' 40' tractor pays 5000 yuan to the team every year. The bag has been taken, can it still be used? "
I think: if we focus on convenient management and strengthen the sense of responsibility, we can divide the operation groups, which has been proved to be effective in many places. However, the operation group is just a form of labor organization, such as the above-mentioned field grouping and contracted production grouping, which is no longer an operation group, a bit like a first-level accounting unit. The current practice of "three-level ownership with teams as the mainstay" conforms to the actual situation in rural areas and should be fully stable and cannot be changed casually. When the conditions are not ripe, it is unpopular to engage in brigade accounting easily, which will dampen the enthusiasm of cadres and the masses and cause harm to production. On the other hand, it is also unpopular to easily retreat from "taking teams as units", divide fields into groups, and ensure production in groups. It will also confuse the system of "three-level ownership and team-based", confuse the thinking of cadres and the masses, dampen their enthusiasm, and do harm to production and be unfavorable to agricultural mechanization. The doubts and fears of those cadres and the masses are justified, and it is right to stand the distinction. We should pay attention to and solve this problem.
Gansu Provincial Archives Bureau Zhang Hao